2019秋高中英語 單元質(zhì)量評估（四）（含解析）新人教版必修1

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1、單元質(zhì)量評估(四) (時間：100分鐘　滿分：120分) 第一部分　閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分) 第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 A Last Sunday，an earthquake struck the Napa Valley area of northern California.It happened in the middle of the night，becoming the strongest earthquake to strike the Napa Valley in 15 y

2、ears.No one was killed，but many people were treated in hospitals. I said to my seven-year-old twins，Brad and Brett，and three-year-old Meghan，“We have so much，and these poor people in trouble now have nothing.We'll share what we have with them.” I filled a box with foods and clothes.While I was d

3、oing this，I advised the boys to choose their toys and donate some of their less favourite things.Meghan watched quietly as the boys took out their old toys and put them together.Then she walked away.A few minutes later she came back with Lucy，her much-loved doll.She put the doll on top of the other

4、toys.“Oh，dear，”I said.“You don't have to give Lucy.You love her so much.”Meghan said，“Lucy makes me happy，Mommy.Maybe she'll make another little girl happy，too.” I looked at Meghan for a long moment.She taught me a lesson.It's easy to give something that we don't want any more，but hard to give what

5、 we cherish(珍愛)，isn't it? 【語篇解讀】　作者讓自己的三個孩子給地震受災的孩子捐贈玩具，他的小女兒把自己最喜歡的洋娃娃捐了出來，這讓作者明白了給予的可貴精神。 1．How many children does the writer have? A．One.　　　　　　 B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“I said to my seven-year-old twins，Brad and Brett，and three-year-old Meghan”可知，作者有三個孩子。故選C。 答案：C 2．Which

6、 of the following is TRUE? A．The earthquake caused many deaths. B．The earthquake is the biggest in history. C．The earthquake happened at night. D．The earthquake hit the city of California. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“It happened in the middle of the night，becoming the strongest earthquake to strike the Na

7、pa Valley in 15 years.”可知，地震發(fā)生在晚上。故選C。 答案：C 3．What did Meghan take out for the people in trouble? A．A toy. B．Clothes. C．A doll. D．Food. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“she came back with Lucy，her much-loved doll.She put the doll on top of the other toys.”可知，梅根把自己最心愛的洋娃娃送給了受災的孩子。故選C。 答案：C 4．What's the be

8、st title of this passage? A．A family story B．The spirit of giving C．A white night D．A sad experience 解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，作者讓自己的三個孩子給地震受災的孩子捐贈玩具，他的小女兒把自己最喜歡的洋娃娃捐出來，這讓作者明白了贈送自己不喜歡的東西簡單，贈送自己喜歡的東西就很可貴了。作者想表達給予的精神。故選B。 答案：B B Everybody hates rats.But in the earthquake capitals of the world—Japan，Lo

9、s Angeles，Turkey—rats will soon be man's best friends. What happens after an earthquake？We send in rescue dogs.Why？Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.They help rescuers to find living people.But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces.So now a new research project is using a sm

10、aller animal to save lives：the rat. How does it work？First，the rat is trained to smell people.When this happens，the rat's brain gives a signal(信號)．This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.When the rat's brain activity jumps，the rescuers know that some

11、one is alive.The rat has smelled that person.Although there are already robots which can do this job，rats are better.Christian Linster at Cornell University，New York，says，“Robots' noses don't work well when there are other smells around.Rats are good at that.”Rats can also see in the dark.They are c

12、heaper and quicker to train than dogs，and unlike robots，they don't need electricity! The “rat project” is not finished，but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says，“It would be fantastic.A rat could get into spaces we couldn't get to，and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe.”Perha

13、ps for the first time in history，people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake，of course)． 【語篇解讀】　人人痛恨的老鼠不久將在地震后的救援中成為人們的好朋友。 5．In the world earthquake capitals，rats will become man's best friends because they can________． A．take the place of man's rescue jobs B．f

14、ind the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings C．serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings D．get into small spaces 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知，人們利用老鼠來搜尋地震中的被困人員，因此選B項。 答案：B 6．From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person who is alive by________． A．t

15、he noise made by the rat B．the rat's unusual behaviour C．the signal sent by the radio on the rat's back D．the smell given off by the person 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“When this happens，the rat's brain gives a signal.This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.”

16、可知選C項。 答案：C 7．In doing rescue jobs，________． A．rats smell better than dogs B．dogs don't need to be trained to smell people C．robots' sense of smell can be affected by other smells around D．rats can see in the dark and are smaller than robots 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Robots' noses don't work well wh

17、en there are other smells around.Rats are good at that.”可知，機器人的嗅覺會受到周圍其他氣味的影響。 答案：C 8．Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that________． A．they are more fantastic than other animals B．they are less expensive to train than dogs C．they don't need electricity D．they are small and can get

18、 into small places 解析：細節(jié)理解題。文章第一句提到“Everybody hates rats”，由此可知，人們并不喜歡老鼠。 答案：A C Once there was a man who liked to eat mangoes.One day he decided to get the sweetest mango from the very top of the tree，Mangoes which are exposed to the sun the most are the sweetest. So he climbed up to the top，wh

19、ere the branches were thin.He managed to pick up a few，sweet reddish mangoes，but，in an attempt to climb down，he slipped and started falling towards the ground.Fortunately，he caught the branch as he was falling and remained helplessly hanging on the tree.Then he started to call nearby villagers for h

20、elp.They immediately came with a ladder and sticks，but could do little to help him. Then after some time one calm and thoughtful person arrived—a well-known sage (智者) who lived in a simple hut nearby.People were very curious to see what he would do，as he was famous in solving many people's problems

21、 in the area and sometimes very complicated ones. He was silent for a minute and then picked up a stone and threw it at the hanging man. Everybody was surprised.The hanging mango lover started to shout，“What are you doing？Are you crazy? Do you want me to break my neck？”The sage was silent.Then he

22、took another stone and threw it at the man.The man was very angry，“If I could just come down，I would show you！” That's what everybody wanted.Then he was coming down.But how？Now everybody was tense about what would happen next！Some wanted to blame the sage，but they didn't.The sage picked an other st

23、one and threw it again at the man，even more forcefully.Now the man on the tree was even more angry and developed a great determination to come down and take revenge (復仇)． He then used all his skill and strength and somehow reached the branches which were safe to start going down.And he made it！Ever

24、ybody was amazed. However，the rescued man found the sage gone.He stood there，realizing that the man really saved him because he induced (引誘) him to try his best and save himself. “I should be thankful and not angry.” 【語篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。主要講述了一名智者巧妙地解救一名男子的故事。 9．What happened after he had picked a few

25、sweet reddish mangoes? A．He slipped and fell to the ground suddenly. B．He was climbing down quickly but carefully. C．He remained hanging helplessly on the tree. D．He shouted loudly for help but no one helped. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容中的“He managed to pick up a few sweet reddish mangoes...remained helpl

26、essly hanging on the tree.”可知答案。 答案：C 10．What do you think caused the man to climb down? A．Courage. B．Revenge. C．Carefulness. D．Assistance. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五、六段的內(nèi)容可推知答案為B。 答案：B 11．What does the story imply? A．Anger saves one's life. B．Wisdom does count. C．Skill and strength count. D．Ange

27、r is the biggest enemy. 解析：主旨大意題。全文主要講述了一名智者巧妙解救一名男子的故事。故B項切題。 答案：B D Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet，but it also causes pollution，wastes energy，and surprisingly wastes water.Only 23% of the plastic in America ends up in recycling bins，meaning over $1 billion wo

28、rth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.Recently，Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho. It's a kind of convenient，clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten.To drink it，you can either get rid of the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your t

29、eeth to pour the water into your mouth.It's completely insipid so you needn't worry about any taste. It aims(目的) for large outdoor events where tons of plastic bottles are used and frequently left behind as litter.Too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment，which could account for the pu

30、rpose of such a new invention. The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials that are needed to produce Ooho.The price for an only bubble(泡狀物) or a unit of bubbles hasn't been decided yet，but it costs about two cents to create a unit，which is cheaper than

31、plastic bottles.The team has also been selling Ooho water bottles in London for the past six months. Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over$1 million in only three days.It's mostly being sold at events at the moment to interest the buyers while the production machine is gettin

32、g up and running.It's quickly making a rise，so keeping an eye out for these bottles of the future. 【語篇解讀】　本文介紹了一項新的發(fā)明——一種可以代替塑料瓶子的水瓶子Ooho，它既能裝水，也可食用。 12．How is most plastic in America dealt with? A．It is wasted by people. B．It is reused as new energy. C．It is buried under the ground. D．It is a

33、pplied to new technology. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Only 23% of the plastic in America ends up in recycling bins，meaning over$1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.”可知，在美國大部分塑料都被浪費掉了。故選A。 答案：A 13．What does the underlined world “insipid” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Sweet. B．Delici

34、ous. C．Tasteless. D．Interesting. 解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文的“so you needn't worry about any taste”可知，不需要擔心任何味道，說明它是無味的。故選C。 答案：C 14．What can we infer about the Ooho? A．It plans to be sold at a very low price. B．It has some advantages over plastic bottles. C．It has taken the place of plastic bottles in L

35、ondon. D．Proper materials of making Ooho are hard to find. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的介紹可知，與塑料瓶子相比，這個新發(fā)明的瓶子有很優(yōu)勢。故選B。 答案：B 15．What's the author's attitude towards Ooho's future? A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Positive. D．Worried. 解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“It's quickly making a rise，so keeping an eye out for th

36、ese bottles of the future.”可知，作者對這種瓶子的發(fā)展是持樂觀態(tài)度的。故選C。 答案：C 第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Here are some tips on listening.__16__． Relax yourself __17__．You need to relax.This will help you with your listening. Listen carefully to the first sentence The first s

37、entence tells a lot about the whole passage.For example，if，at the beginning，you hear “Many shops in many parts of China have decided to take away all kinds of Japanese goods off their shelves，but some people say it's not a good idea.Our reporter says...”，__18__． Think when you're listening __19__．

38、For example，you can think of the following questions: What happened? When，where and how？What was the result and what did the speaker want to tell us? In this way，you may understand the passage better. __20__． It's important for you to remember some important facts.For example，if the passage is a s

39、cience report，you should try to remember its findings，and how the scientists got their results.This is also helpful to your listening. A．Listen to important facts B．Pay attention to key words C．Maybe they can help you in one way or another D．When you're listening，try to do some thinking E．This

40、is especially helpful to improve your listening skills F．Before you start listening to something，don't get excited or nervous G．you know you will hear a piece of news，not a children's story，or a science report 答案：16.C　17.F　18.G　19.D　20.A 第二部分　英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分) 第一節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下

41、面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Earthquakes are common；thousands of them happen each day.But most are too__21__to feel.During a__22__earthquake，there is often a great noise first.Then the earth__23__terribly; many houses__24__down.Railway tracks break and trains go__25__lines；a great ma

42、ny factories are__26__；thousands of deaths are caused，and many more lose homes.__27__the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake__28__，other disasters such as fires often__29__.More buildings are destroyed and more__30__are caused. It is well known of the__31__of a possible earthquake，and

43、for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes.More than 2，000 years ago，__32__，a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng__33__a machine which could find out from which__34__the seismic(地震的)waves had come，and this machine is still__35__by scientists today.Now we know much more about earthqua

44、kes and__36__they happen，but we still cannot__37__exactly when and where an earthquake will happen，and cannot__38__it from happening.So earthquakes are among the__39__disasters in the world. No one can stop natural earthquakes.__40__，scientists can help stop earthquakes from destroying whole cities

45、 and causing too many deaths. 【語篇解讀】　本文為說明文，講述了地震給人們帶來的各種各樣的災難。 21．A.weak B．big C．strong D．familiar 解析：根據(jù)“thousands of them happen each day.”可知地震天天發(fā)生，由下文“but”轉(zhuǎn)折詞可推知句意，應是：它們太微弱(weak)以至于我們感覺不到。 答案：A 22．A.real B．weak C．big D．small 解析：根據(jù)后面的描述可知，應該是一次大地震。 答案：C 23．A.moves B．shakes C．

46、jumps D．breaks 解析：首先排除C。shake指“震動，晃動，搖動”；move指“移動”；break指“破碎”。 答案：B 24．A.get B．put C．set D．fall 解析：fall down在此指“房屋倒塌”。 答案：D 25．A.off B．on C．into D．behind 解析：鐵路軌道破裂，所以火車偏離鐵路線。off指“離開，不相連”，其他三個詞均不符合題意。 答案：A 26．A.burst B．hurt C．destroyed D．buried 解析：在此指“工廠被毀”。burst指“爆炸，炸開

47、，突然爆發(fā)”；hurt指“傷害，使受傷”；bury指“埋葬”，這三個詞均不符合題意。 答案：C 27．A.Except B．Besides C．Instead of D．Because of 解析：句意：除了地震本身所造成的巨大破壞和死亡以外，其他災害也隨之而來，例如火災。besides既包括地震本身所造成的破壞和死亡，也包括其他災害。如果用except，則不包括地震本身所造成的破壞和死亡，所以不符合題意。 答案：B 28．A.lonely B．later C．themselves D．itself 解析：這里指地震本身引起的破壞與死亡，故選D。 答

48、案：D 29．A.follow B．copy C．come D．enter 解析：B、D兩項不符合題意，先排除；follow有“隨之而來”之意，而come只表“來到”。 答案：A 30．A.quakes B．deaths C．difficulties D．results 解析：大火造成的兩大結(jié)果：房屋被毀，人員傷亡。 答案：B 31．A.information B．questions C．dangers D．shock 解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，地震的危險性是眾所周知的，所以人們一直在做有關地震的研究。 答案：C 32．A.as a res

49、ult B．in fact C．for example D．a(chǎn)s well 解析：舉例說明人們在這方面的研究。 答案：C 33．A.invented B．discovered C．found D．operated 解析：invent“發(fā)明”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；find“找到”；operate“操作，運行”。根據(jù)句意可知A正確。 答案：A 34．A.country B．direction C．way D．city 解析：A、D兩項不符合題意，先排除；direction表“方位，方向”，而way則指“路，道或路線”，way也可以指“

50、方向”，但一般用在this、that、which等之后構(gòu)成短語。 答案：B 35．A.improved B．repaired C．protected D．used 解析：科學家們現(xiàn)在仍在使用這種機器。 答案：D 36．A.where B．when C．what D．why 解析：C項不符合語法，先排除；when、where在下句中出現(xiàn)。 答案：D 37．A.speak B．tell C．talk D．point 解析：但是我們?nèi)匀徊恢赖降资裁磿r候、在哪兒會發(fā)生地震。tell有“說出，知道，斷定”之意。 答案：B 38．A.ma

51、ke B．prepare C．stop D．let 解析：首先，根據(jù)題意應選擇表示“制止，停止”的詞；其次，根據(jù)固定搭配stop sb/sth(from)doing...可知C項正確。 答案：C 39．A.worst B．best C．most D．fast 解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，地震是最嚴重的災害之一。 答案：A 40．A.However B．But C．And D．So 解析：此處用逗號隔開，所以選副詞however；but為連詞，不能用逗號隔開。 答案：A 第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) 閱讀下面材料，在

52、空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Several days before July 28th，1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.They were signs for the earthquake. 41.________people in the city of Tangshan didn't think much of these.At 3：42 am on July 28th，1976，the 42.________(great) earthquake of the 20th century happen

53、ed in Tangshan，Hebei Province，China.In fifteen terrible seconds，a large city lay in 43.________(ruin)．The number of people who were killed or 44.________(injure) reached more than 400，000.Nearly everything was destroyed，45.________(include) hospitals，factories，buildings，dams，railway tracks，etc.Water

54、，food and electricity were hard 46.________(get)．People wondered how long the disaster would last. Not all hope was lost.The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help 47.________rescue workers，and some of them and doctors were 48.________(trap) under the ruins.Slowly the city began 49.________

55、(breath) again.From then on，every year on July 28th，we would honour those who died in the terrible disaster and those 50.________helped the survivors. 答案：41.But　42.greatest　43.ruins　44.injured 45．including　46.to get　47.the　48.trapped 49．to breathe　50.who 第三部分　寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分) 第一節(jié)　短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，

56、滿分10分) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)畫掉。 修改：在錯的詞下畫一條橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：(1)每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一個單詞； (2)只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 My brother used to ask me question whenever he did his homework，that made me ann

57、oyed.But every time he accepted my explanations I felt that I was the smartest person in the world.Answered his questions，I always liked to say that he was too stupid solve such simple problems. Last week both of them got the report cards from our school.Unexpectedly，I got a lot of Bs，though he got

58、 As.To make things worse，all that day my brother screamed how foolish it was for me not to ask questions! I could say nothing but admit that he was right.I have never made a fun of him since then. 答案： My brother used to ask me whenever he did his homework， made me annoyed. every time he accepted

59、my explanations I felt that I was the smartest person in the world. his questions，I always liked to say that he was too stupid solve such simple problems. Last week both of got the report cards from our school.Unexpectedly，I got a lot of Bs， he got As.To make things worse，all that day my brother

60、 screamed how foolish it was me not to ask questions! I could say nothing but admit that he was right.I have never made fun of him since then. 第二節(jié)　書面表達(滿分25分) 昨晚，本市的一座辦公樓發(fā)生火災。假設你是一名校報記者，請根據(jù)以下提示用英語為校報寫一篇報道，介紹火災的情況。 (1)時間：昨晚9點。 (2)火情：①火焰夾雜黑色濃煙從六樓冒出； ②據(jù)說大火從一樓開始逐漸燒到樓頂； ③一些磚墻因為火災的高溫而倒塌。 (3

61、)死亡情況：無死亡發(fā)生。 (4)救援情況：①許多消防隊員和消防車迅速趕到； ②花了接近2個小時才把火撲滅。 注意：(1)可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 (2)詞數(shù)100左右。 A terrible fire _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ___________________

62、____________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 答案： A terrible fire A big fire h

63、appened in one office building in our city at about nine o'clock last night. In the beginning，we saw flames with thick black smoke coming out from the sixth floor.It was said that the fire started at the first floor，spreading one by one to the floors above，and finally reached the top floor.Some bri

64、ck walls were burnt down because of the heat of the fire.Many people stood outside on the streets watching the fire in horror. Many firemen and fire engines came quickly.Luckily，there was no person in the office building when the fire broke out.It took about two hours for the firemen to put out the big fire. 14