（全國卷）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 2 Healthy eating課時作業(yè) 新人教版必修3

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1、 Unit 2 Healthy eating Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Biologist Robert Pitman and his colleagues tracked orcas，or killer whales，and humpback whales off the coast of Western Australia.To research further，the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca，which allowed them to use satellites to monitor her movements.Th

2、ey followed her for six days.During that time，the orca attacked eight young humpback whales.During the seven attacks，the orca killed the humpback whale calf (幼獸) on three occasions. But the story doesn't end there.Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally，passive cr

3、eatures.Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise. When chased by orcas，humpback whales are known to try to outswim orcas.They are thought to do this at high speed so that the orcas can't keep up.On some occasions，the humpback whales sought out protection.They swam to shallow water，nea

4、rby reefs，or even under the researchers' boats.These ways often reduced the attack.But at other times，the humpback whales decided to stay and fight. As the orcas approached，the mother humpback would sometimes move her calf to her side，or lift it out of the water using her head or flippers.She also

5、blew huge breaths of air to disturb the orcas，and lunged or charged at them，slashing(劈)and slapping her tail and flippers.Perhaps most surprisingly，humpback whales also have adult “escorts (護衛(wèi)隊)” that try to protect calves that are not their own，joining the mother in defending the smaller whale.The

6、se escort whales either charged at the orcas，or placed themselves between the attackers and calves，slashing their tails and flippers. Despite the efforts of the mother whales and escorts，the orcas were more often than not successful in their attacks.But the presence of the escorts did reduce how m

7、any times a whale calf was killed. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是科學家使用科學儀器來觀察殺人鯨是如何追殺駝背鯨及后者是如何反擊和保護幼小的駝背鯨的。 1．What's the purpose of the scientists' further research? A．To keep a record of whales' living habits. B．To observe orcas' hunting humpback whales. C．To see what life-or-death battles whales may f

8、ace. D．To find out the techniques orcas use when hunting. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“To research further...to use satellites to monitor her movements.They followed her for six days.During that time，the orca attacked eight young humpback whales...”可知，科學家進行進一步研究的目的是觀察殺人鯨追殺駝背鯨的活動。故選B。 答案：B 2．Why did the hu

9、mpback whales swim to shallow water? A．To avoid being attacked. B．To hunt for food. C．To protect their young. D．To trick the chasers. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“On some occasions，the humpback whales sought out protection.They swam to shallow water，nearby reefs，or even under the researchers' boats.”可知，駝

10、背鯨游至淺水區(qū)是出于自身的安全考慮，為了避免被攻擊。故選A。 答案：A 3．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? A．Why humpback whales fall victim to orcas. B．How humpback whales protect their calves. C．The great mother love of humpback whales. D．Smaller humpback whales' ways of surviving. 解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講的是在面對殺人鯨

11、的攻擊時，駝背鯨是如何進行反擊來保護自己的幼崽的。故B項最能概括本段的主旨要義。 答案：B 4．What does Pitman's study find? A．Orcas are successful in their attacks. B．It's not easy for orcas to obtain food. C．Humpback whales swim faster than orcas. D．Humpback whales could be active animals. 解析：推理判斷題。第二段提到“Humpback whales themselves are

12、popularly thought to be large but generally，passive creatures.Pitman's study findings may let people think otherwise.”，駝背鯨一般被認為是大型的但是通常被動的生物，Pitman的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會讓人不這么認為。下文接著講了面對殺人鯨的攻擊時，駝背鯨所采取的一些應對方式，其中包含積極迎擊。故選D。 答案：D B Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice.No other art form creates exci

13、tement and moves the heart in the way that opera does，especially when performed by a great singer.Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition.It uses music，words，and actions to bring a dramatic story to life.Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later beca

14、me popular throughout Europe.Over the years，it has responded to various musicals.In recent decades，much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology.Some singers have become celebrities thanks to performing on radio，on TV，and in the cinema. However，in recent yea

15、rs，opera has been facing serious challenges.One current challenge to opera is economics.The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists.Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multi-million-d

16、ollar contracts given to sports athletes.But what about opera singers? Somehow，people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty，but this is unrealistic.If artists，including opera singers，lack the support they need，valuable talent is wasted. Not only the shortage of m

17、oney，but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships.Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they complete a show.They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal (排練)before a show starts. Another problem faced by opera is how to meet th

18、e demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment.Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound.These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful.Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall wi

19、thout a microphone if their body weight is too low.Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best. There are no easy solutions to opera's problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera.However，every year m

20、any young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talent in this special art form.The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respectable art form full of value. [語篇解讀]　本文主要討論了歌劇所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和困難。

21、 5．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Opera singers' life stories are dramatic. B．Opera will soon appear on TV and in films. C．Opera fans thank celebrities for performing. D．Opera develops by adapting to new conditions. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Over the years，it has responded

22、to various musicals.”可推知，歌劇適應新的狀況而得以發(fā)展，故選D。 答案：D 6．What can we know from Paragraphs 2 and 3? A．Opera singers are financially insecure. B．Opera singers waste their valuable talent. C．Opera singers get paid before the show. D．Opera singers perform better if they are poor. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“One

23、current challenge to opera is economics.”以及第三段第一句“Not only the shortage of money，but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships.”可知，歌劇演唱家的經(jīng)濟是有問題的，不安全的，故選A。 答案：A 7．What does the author try to say in Paragraph 4? A．Popular culture has had a positive influence on opera. B

24、．Audiences know best how opera should be performed. C．Microphones should be used to make opera more enjoyable. D．Opera singers' voices should be valued more than their looks. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice

25、 at its best.”可知，歌劇演唱家的聲音要比外貌重要得多，故選D。 答案：D 8．What would be the best title for this passage? A．The Economic Challenge to Opera B．Opera Faced with the Difficulties C．Opera as Part of Popular Culture D．The Historical Context of Opera 解析：標題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“There are no easy solutions to opera's pro

26、blems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera.”并結合全文的整體內(nèi)容可知，本文主要討論的是歌劇所面臨的問題和挑戰(zhàn)，故選B。 答案：B Ⅱ.完形填空 Albert Einstein，who was born in Germany in 1879，is known as one of the greatest scientists in the world.When he was a little boy，he was slow to talk and had 1 learning to rea

27、d.He always preferred staying alone and thinking 2 . At the age of 20，Einstein studied at the Swiss Federal University of Technology in Zurich.Once Einstein asked his 3 “How can a person， 4 me，leave his distinct footprints on the road of life and make an outstanding 5 in the scientific fie

28、ld？”It was a 6 problem.The tutor said that he had to 7 it carefully and then gave him an answer. After three days，the tutor told Einstein that the 8 was coming！He 9 Einstein to walk toward a building site and set feet on the cement(水泥) ground that the construction workers had just paved.In

29、the workers' scolding，Einstein was 10 to ask his tutor，“Sir，aren't you misleading me？” “Right，exactly！” the tutor said.“Have you seen it？Only on the 11 paved road can you leave your footprints，while you can't 12 your footprints on those old roads that have been stepped by countless 13 .”

30、 After hearing what he said，Einstein was lost in deep thought and an open and clear way 14 in his mind.Since then，a very 15 sense of innovation (創(chuàng)新) and pioneering consciousness began 16 Einstein's thinking and action.He said，“I never 17 what dictionaries and textbooks carry；My mind only

31、remembers those things that are not 18 in books.”It was for such a reason 19 Einstein left his deep sparkling footprints in the history of 20 . [語篇解讀]　本文為一篇記敘文。愛因斯坦的大學導師巧妙地回答了愛因斯坦一個有關人生的問題，從而使愛因斯坦找到了自己的人生之路。 1．A.fun　　　　　 B．pleasure C．difficulty D．luck 解析：根據(jù)本句中的“slow to talk”可知他在學習讀書方面有困

32、難。have difficulty (in) doing sth.為固定結構，意為：在做……方面有困難。 答案：C 2．A.proudly B．deeply C．highly D．roughly 解析：根據(jù)本句中的“preferred staying alone”以及常識可知本題答案為deeply。 答案：B 3．A.assistant B．partner C．staff D．tutor 解析：根據(jù)本段最后一句中的“The tutor said...”可知答案為tutor(導師)。assistant“助手”；partner“同伴”；staff“全體職工”。 答案：D 4

33、．A.as for B．in spite of C．like D．except 解析：一個像(like)我這樣的人如何才能在人生道路上留下清晰的足跡，在科學領域做出杰出的貢獻(contribution)呢？ 答案：C 5．A.contribution B．reputation C．decision D．impression 解析：解析見上句。contribution“貢獻”；reputation“名聲”；decision“決定”；impression“印象”。 答案：A 6．A.complex B．flexible C．satisfying D．a(chǎn)musing 解析：

34、根據(jù)下句導師的話可知愛因斯坦提出的問題很難回答，故答案為complex (復雜的)。 答案：A 7．A.refer to B．deal with C．a(chǎn)rgue over D．think about 解析：學生提出一個很復雜的問題，老師要認真思索(think about it carefully)，然后再給出答案。 答案：D 8．A.moment B．a(chǎn)nswer C．problem D．footprints 解析：根據(jù)上段最后一句中的“an answer”可知答案為answer。 答案：B 9．A.pulled B．forced C．reminded D．a(chǎn)llo

35、wed 解析：他拉著(pulled)愛因斯坦朝建筑工地走去。force“迫使”；remind“提醒”；allow“允許”。 答案：A 10．A.satisfied B．delighted C．confused D．concerned 解析：愛因斯坦是迷惑的(confused)。satisfied“滿意的”；delighted“高興的”；concerned“擔心的”。 答案：C 11．A.formally B．newly C．originally D．previously 解析：根據(jù)常識可知只有新(newly)鋪的水泥路才能留下腳印。故答案為B項。 答案：B 12．A.

36、measure B．remain C．leave D．remove 解析：然而那些被無數(shù)人(humans)踩過的老路，你不能留下(leave)腳印。 答案：C 13．A.scientists B．students C．musicians D．humans 解析：解析見上題。scientists“科學家”；students“學生”；musicians“音樂家”；humans“人”。 答案：D 14．A.arose B．a(chǎn)ppreciated C．a(chǎn)bsorbed D．a(chǎn)ccumulated 解析：arise意為：出現(xiàn)，符合句意。appreciate“欣賞，感激”；abs

37、orb“吸收”；accumulate“積累”。 答案：A 15．A.strange B．sweet C．slight D．strong 解析：從此，一種強烈的(strong)創(chuàng)新和開拓意識開始主導著(governing)愛因斯坦的思維和行動。strange“奇怪的”；sweet“甜蜜的”；slight“輕微的”。 答案：D 16．A.equipping B．governing C．guarding D．questioning 解析：解析見上題。equip“裝備”；govern“主導”；guard“保衛(wèi)”；question“問”。 答案：B 17．A.master B．

38、undertake C．update D．memorize 解析：此空與下文中的“remembers”相對應，故答案為memorize。master“精通，掌握”；undertake“從事”；update“更新”。 答案：D 18．A.invented B．employed C．included D．equipped 解析：我從不記憶字典、課本上的東西，我只記憶書中不包括(included)的那些東西。invent“發(fā)明”；employ“雇用”；equip“裝備”。 答案：C 19．A.that B．why C．what D．when 解析：本句為強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)部分為

39、for such a reason。強調(diào)句型是：It is/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分，故答案為that。 答案：A 20．A.biology B．science C．medicine D．literature 解析：根據(jù)第二段中的“...in the scientific field”及常識可知選science。 答案：B Ⅲ.短文改錯 Dear Diana， Yesterday my friend David came round with a new game and asked to play it by my dad's computer.I w

40、as a little worried，because my dad used it mainly for his work，and I'm only allowed to use it for my homework.It happened when my dad was out，so we tried out the game.After playing，I took it off the computer. However，when I restarted computer，I found some of my dad's documents miss. Later in the aft

41、ernoon，my dad used the computer，but couldn't find the document in it.He became very angry，but I dared not to tell him about the game.Now I'm feeling regretful and disturbing.I'm not sure whether a computer's repair shop can get the documents back.Should I tell him the truth，and should I pay to repai

42、r it? I wish for your advice. Yours ever， Steve 答案： Dear Diana， Yesterday my friend David came round with a new game and asked to play itmy dad's computer.I was a little worried，because my dadit mainly for his work，and I'm only allowed to use it for my homework.It happenedmy dad was out，so we t

43、ried out the game.After playing，I took it off the computer.However，when I restartedcomputer，I found some of my dad's documentsLater in the afternoon，my dad used the computer，but couldn't find the in it.He became very angry，but I dared nottell him about the game.Now I'm feeling regretful andI'm not sure whether arepair shop can get the documents back.Should I tell him the truth，should I pay to repair it? I wish for your advice. Yours ever， Steve 9