（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語(yǔ) 考前保分訓(xùn)練 專題3 閱讀理解 第2節(jié) 說(shuō)明文練習(xí) 牛津譯林版

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1、第2節(jié)　說(shuō)明文 題組訓(xùn)練一 1 話題：新型公路 難度：★★ 建議用時(shí)：7分鐘 Ofalltheplasticproducedsincethe1950s，lessthan10%hasbeenrecycled.Thevastmajorityendsupbeingthrown，mostofitinlandfill.Someislefttolitterthenaturalenvironment，whereitcangetintoriversandthesea. Recycledplasticisalreadyusedtomakesomeproducts，suchasguttering

2、andsewagepipes.Nowattentionisturningtoroads.OnSeptember11thinZwolle，acityintheNetherlands，a30-metrebicycletrackwith70%madefromrecycledplasticandtherestfrompolypropylenewasopened.ItwillbeusedtotestaproductcalledPlasticRoad，whichisbeingdevelopedbytwoDutchfirms—KWSInfra，aroadbuilder，andWavin，afirmthatm

3、akesplasticpiping—inpartnershipwithTotal，aFrenchoilandgasfirm. PlasticRoadisprefabricated(預(yù)制的) inafactoryasmodularsections.Thesectionsarethentransportedtothesiteandlaidendtoendonasuitablefoundation，suchassand.Becausethesesectionsareemptyinside，internalchannelscanbeinstalledintothemfordrainage(排水)，a

4、longwithpipesforservicessuchasgasandelectricity.FortheZwolleproject，sectionsthatare2.4metreslongand3metreswidewereused.Thesewerefittedwithsensorstomeasurethingssuchastemperature，flexibilityandtheflowofwaterthroughthedrainagechannels. Ifallgoeswell，theinventorshopetodeveloptheideaandmakethesectionse

5、ntirelyfromrecycledplastic.Paths，carparksandrailwayplatformscouldfollow.Eventually，sectionsforuseasactualroadsareplanned.Thesecouldcontainsensorsfortrafficmonitoring.Intime，thecircuitsintheplasticroadsmightextendtoassistingautonomousvehiclesandrechargingelectriccarswirelessly. Prefabricatedplasticr

6、oadsshouldlasttwotothreetimeslongerthanconventionalroadsandcostless，thecompaniesclaim，mainlybecauseconstructiontimewouldbereducedbyalmosttwo-thirds.Anti-slipsurfacescouldbeused，too，includingcrushedstoneswhicharetraditionallyusedtodressroadsurfaces.Thesections，whenreplaced，canalsoberecycled.Butengine

7、erswillbewatchingtoseehowthetrackstandsuptowearandtearandifthehollowstructurecausesresonance(共振)，whichwouldmakesucharoadextremelynoisy. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了出現(xiàn)在荷蘭的新型公路——PlasticRoad。 1.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout? A.ThebenefitsofPlasticRoad. B.TheprocessofmakingPlasticRoad. C.TheinspirationbehindP

8、lasticRoad. D.ThefuturedevelopmentofPlasticRoad. 答案　D 解析　段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“hopetodeveloptheidea...Paths，carparksandrailwayplatformscouldfollow”“sectionsforuseasactualroadsareplanned”“Intime，thecircuitsintheplasticroadsmightextendto...wirelessly”可知，本段主要涉及塑料公路未來(lái)的發(fā)展。故選D。 2.Howaretheplasticroadsdif

9、ferentfromthetraditionalones? A.Theycanstayingoodconditionforalongertime. B.Theirweight-bearingcapacityisrelativelyweaker. C.Theyareentirelymadefromrecycledplasticatpresent. D.Theirconstructionismorecomplexandtime-consuming. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Prefabricatedplasticroadsshouldlasttwotothreet

10、imeslongerthanconventionalroads”可知，這種塑料公路使用壽命比傳統(tǒng)公路長(zhǎng)兩到三倍。也就是說(shuō)，相較于傳統(tǒng)公路，塑料公路更耐用。故選A。 3.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage? A.Toshowdifferentwaystorecycleplastic. B.Toexplainthesignificanceofrecyclingplastic. C.Toinformreadersofanewproducttobuildroads. D.Tostresstheurgencyofprotectingthee

11、nvironment. 答案　C 解析　寫(xiě)作意圖題。縱觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一種新型公路——塑料公路。故C項(xiàng)最能概括作者寫(xiě)作本文的主要目的。 2 話題：廣告 難度：★★ 建議用時(shí)：8分鐘 Imagineafuturewhereourstreetsarefilledwithads200mtall，wherebillboardschangebeforeoureyestogiveuspersonalizedmessages，andwherecompaniestrackoureverymoveaswewalkthroughacity，pinging(發(fā)送) specialoffe

12、rstoourphonesasweneartheirshops. Infact，alloftheseformsofadvertisingarealreadybeingtested.Let’stakethefirstoftheseideas.Backin1982，sciencefictionmovieBladeRunnerpredictedafuturisticcityscapewheregiantadvertsstretchedthefullheightofskyscrapers.AndUKcompanyLightvertarenowdoingsomethingverysimilar，wit

13、honecrucialdifference. Insteadofmakingimmensephysicaladverts，theircommercialsaresentstraightintoconsumers’eyes.Theydothisbyattachingastripofreflectivematerialontoabuildingandprojectinganimageontoit.Thisimagethen“bounces”outintotheworld.Whenyoupassdirectlyinfrontoftheimage，youseeit.Itappearstobehuge

14、andhunginmid-air，butotherscan’tseeit.Lightvertclaimsthisformofadvertisingdoesnotstandoutandcan“unlock”largeamountsof“high-valueadvertisingrealestate”. Butnoteveryoneissoldontheideaoflivinginaworldofendlessads.InMoscow，forexample，anewformofadvertisingtargetingmotoristshassplitopinion.Driversapproach

15、ingaparticulardigitalbillboardinthecityareshownadvertsforanewkindofJaguarcar，butonlyiftheyaredrivingadifferentmakeofvehicle.Sensorsinthebillboarddetectwhatkindofcaryouaredriving，andsendyouanadbasedonthatinformation. Whilethismayseeminvasive(侵入的)，it’sactuallythesafetyaspectthathasconcernedsomeobserv

16、ers.ResearchersinSwedenhaveshownthatdigitalbillboardsattractoureyesforlongerthanotherkinds.Infact，theytakeourattentionawayforovertwoseconds，alengthoftimewhichhasprovedtobedangerousontheroads. Finally，wehave“proximitymarketing(鄰近營(yíng)銷)”，whereshopsdetectwhereyouareonthehighstreetandsendtailoredadvertsto

17、yourphone.DevicescapeisonecompanytriallingtheuseofWi-Fiasameansoftrackingcustomers.Theirtechnologycouldworkanywhere，whetherin“asupermarket，aconcerthall，orabus”，saysOwenGeddesfromtheirmarketingteam.Whatwouldcustomerssee？“Itcouldbeadiscountoffertouseintheshopthepersonisvisiting，orapieceofcontentsuchas

18、amovietrailer，”saysMrGeddes. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?，F(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，廣告信息隨處可見(jiàn)，這一產(chǎn)業(yè)的未來(lái)會(huì)是怎樣的呢？我們是否會(huì)迎來(lái)這樣的一天：人們走在城市的街道上，一抬頭就能看到高達(dá)200米的廣告？ 4.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutLightvert? A.Theyaremakinghugephysicalcommercials. B.Theyattachanimagetotheirhugecommercials. C.Theircommercialsaretargetedatalargeraudience. D.Theirco

19、mmercialsareonlyvisiblefromonelocation. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenyoupassdirectlyinfrontoftheimage，youseeit.Itappearstobehugeandhunginmid-air，butotherscan’tseeit.”可知，你從圖像前徑直走過(guò)時(shí)，就能看到它。它看起來(lái)很大而且懸浮在半空中，不過(guò)別人看不到。由此可推知，Lightvert公司的商業(yè)廣告只能從某個(gè)特定的位置看到。故選D。 5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraph

20、imply? A.Somepeoplecan’tlivewithsomanyads. B.Someadsdon’tachievethedesiredresults. C.Somepeoplefeelconfusedaboutendlessads. D.Somepeoplearemoreusedtotraditionalads. 答案　A 解析　句意理解題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“InMoscow，forexample，anewformofadvertisingtargetingmotoristshassplitopinion.”可知，莫斯科民眾對(duì)一款面向汽車司機(jī)的新廣告褒貶不一，

21、也就是說(shuō)，人們對(duì)這類廣告在意見(jiàn)上有分歧。由此可知，畫(huà)線句應(yīng)是指有人無(wú)法忍受這樣一個(gè)被各種廣告充斥的世界。故選A。 6.Whatistheproblemwithdigitalbillboardsaccordingtosomeobservers? A.Theyfailtoremindpeopleofdangerontheroads. B.Theymakepeoplelessconcentratedondriving. C.Theyhaveatendencytoviolatepeople’sprivacy. D.Theyareattractivebutkindofharmfultooure

22、yes. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“it’sactuallythesafetyaspectthathasconcernedsomeobservers”“attractoureyes”“theytakeourattentionawayforovertwoseconds，alengthoftimewhichhasprovedtobedangerousontheroads”可知，一些觀察員真正擔(dān)心的是安全問(wèn)題，因?yàn)閿?shù)碼廣告牌會(huì)分散駕駛員的注意力，從而導(dǎo)致危險(xiǎn)。故選B。 7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage? A.TheF

23、utureofAdvertising B.HighTechnologyinAdvertising C.AWorldFloodedwithAdvertising D.DifferentOpinionsonAdvertising 答案　A 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題?？v觀全文，尤其是第一段中的“Imagineafuturewhere...ads”可知，本文主要講述了未來(lái)廣告形式的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，故A項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。 3 話題：環(huán)境保護(hù) 難度：★★ 建議用時(shí)：7分鐘 Theworldisliterallyagreenerplacethanitwas20yearsago，anddatafro

24、mNASAsatelliteshasrevealedasourceformuchofthisnewgreeningphenomenon：ChinaandIndia.Thisnewinsightwasmadepossiblebyanearly20-year-longdatarecordfromaNASAinstrumentorbitingtheEarthontwosatellites. Takenalltogether，thegreeningoftheplanetoverthelasttwodecadesrepresentsanincreaseinleafareaonplantsandtree

25、sequaltotheareacoveredbyalltheAmazonrainforests.Therearenowmorethantwomillionsquaremilesofextragreenleafareaperyear，comparedtotheearly2000s—a5%increase. “ChinaandIndiaaccountforone-thirdofthegreening，butcontainonly9%oftheplanet’slandareacoveredinvegetation(植被)—asurprisingfinding，consideringthecommo

26、nphenomenonoflanddegradation(惡化) inpopulouscountriesfromoveruse，”saidChiChen，leadauthorofthestudy. “Thislong-termdataletsusdigdeeper，”saidRamaNemani，aco-authorofthenewwork.“WhenthegreeningoftheEarthwasfirstobserved，wethoughtitwasduetoawarmer，wetterclimateandfertilizationfromtheaddedcarbondioxide(CO

27、2) intheatmosphere，leadingtomoreleafgrowthinnorthernforests.Now，withthedatathatletsusunderstandthephenomenonatreallysmallscales，weseethathumansarealsocontributing.” China’soutsizedcontributiontotheglobalgreeningtrendcomesinlargepart(42%) fromprogramstoconserveandexpandforests.Theseweredevelopedinan

28、efforttoreducetheeffectsofsoilerosion，airpollutionandclimatechange.Another32%there—82%ofthegreeningseeninIndia—comesfromintensive(集約的) growingoffoodcrops.Howthegreeningtrendmaychangeinthefuturedependsonnumerousfactors，bothonaglobalscaleandthelocalhumanlevel.Forexample，increasedfoodproductioninIndiai

29、spromotedbygroundwaterirrigation.Ifthegroundwaterisrunningout，thistrendmaychange. TheresearcherspointoutthatthegainingreennessseenaroundtheworldandledbyIndiaandChinadoesnotoffsetthedamagefromlossofnaturalvegetationintropicalregions，suchasBrazilandIndonesia.Theconsequencesforsustainabilityandbiodive

30、rsityinthoseecosystemsremain. Nemaniisprettyexcitedaboutthefindings，andnotjustbecausethegreener，thebetter.“Oncepeoplerealizethere’saproblem，theytendtofixit，”hesaid.“Inthe70sand80sinIndiaandChina，thesituationaroundvegetationlosswasn’tgood；inthe90s，peoplerealizedit；andtodaythingshaveimproved.Humansar

31、eincrediblyadaptable.” 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。NASA的衛(wèi)星資料顯示，中國(guó)和印度的行動(dòng)主導(dǎo)了地球變綠。 8.TheEarthisgettinggreenermainlybecauseof. A.theexpandingofleafareaintropicalcountries B.thedeterminedeffortstopreserveAmazonrainforests C.thetree-plantingprogramsandintensiveagriculture D.afavorableclimateandincreasedCO2inthe

32、atmosphere 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theworldisliterallyagreenerplacethanitwas20yearsago，anddatafromNASAsatelliteshasrevealedasourceformuchofthisnewgreeningphenomenon：ChinaandIndia”和第五段中的“China’soutsizedcontributiontotheglobalgreeningtrendcomesinlargepart(42%) fromprogramstoconserveandexpandforests...

33、India—comesfromintensive(集約的) growingoffoodcrops.”可知，中國(guó)和印度正引領(lǐng)著地球綠化的增加，而這主要源于中國(guó)的植樹(shù)計(jì)劃和兩國(guó)的集約化農(nóng)業(yè)。故選C。 9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheresearchersagreewith? A.ThegreeningtrendinIndiawillcontinuetogoupwards. B.More“greening”meansbettercontrolofclimatechange. C.Landoverusethreatensthesuccessintheg

34、reeningontheEarth. D.Thesustainabilityinglobalecosystemswillbegreatlyimproved. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，中國(guó)和印度的綠化面積占全球綠化面積的三分之一，但僅有全球9%的植被覆蓋面積，考慮到人口稠密的國(guó)家普遍存在過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)導(dǎo)致土地退化的現(xiàn)象，這是一個(gè)令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可推知，人們對(duì)土地的過(guò)度使用威脅著地球綠化的成功。故選C。 10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”inthelastbutoneparagraphprobablymean? A.Preve

35、nt. B.Survive. C.Interrupt. D.Balance. 答案　D 解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，巴西和印度尼西亞等熱帶地區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)性和生物多樣性所受的負(fù)面影響仍然存在。再結(jié)合第三段的內(nèi)容可知，畫(huà)線詞所在句的含義應(yīng)是：研究人員指出，印度和中國(guó)主導(dǎo)的全球綠化的增加并不能抵消巴西和印度尼西亞等熱帶地區(qū)自然植被減少所帶來(lái)的損失。offset是“抵消，彌補(bǔ)”之意，與balance“相抵，抵消”的含義相近。故選D。 11.HowdoesNemanifeelaboutthefindings? A.Theyareapositiveindicatorof

36、overallhumannature. B.Theiraccuracyandreliabilityneedtobefurtherproved. C.Theyundervaluehumans’contributiontotheenvironment. D.Theirsignificanceforfutureresearchcannotbeoveremphasized. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Oncepeoplerealizethere’saproblem，theytendtofixit...”“...inthe90s，peoplerealizedit；andto

37、daythingshaveimproved.Humansareincrediblyadaptable.”可知，當(dāng)人們意識(shí)到問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們會(huì)想辦法來(lái)解決。人類具有出乎意料的適應(yīng)能力。由此可知，研究結(jié)果表明了人性積極的一面。故選A。 題組訓(xùn)練二 1 話題：文字的重要性 難度：★★ 建議用時(shí)：7分鐘 [2019·江西省名校(臨川一中、南昌二中)聯(lián)考] Astheinternationaldemandfornarrative(敘事的) film/TV content continues to increase with popular streaming services like N

38、etflix and others，the two questions then come：will the coming generations receive most of their entertainment through visual means rather than through the written word and will such an increase of narrative film/TVreducetheimportanceofreading? Growingexamplesofthistrendincludethediminishment(減少) of

39、fictioninthecommoncore(核心的) curriculum，theever-risingcultureofcomputergames，thewaveofstreamingservicesofwideinternationalreach，andmoviesfilledwithspecialeffectsmadeforchildrenandteenagers.Normustweignoretheeconomicdangersthatlieaheadforthewrittenword.Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使

40、相形見(jiàn)絀) thepublishingindustry. Theotherunderlyingquestion，ofcourse，is“doesitreallymatterifthewrittenwordbowstotheworldofnarrativefilm/TV？”Frommypointofview，anydiminishmentoffictiondeliveredbywordsisalossformankind. Thereisnogreaterhumanfeaturethantheimagination.Itliesattheverysoulofthehumanspecies.I

41、tisthebrain’smostpowerfulengine.Itistheessentialmuscleoflifeandlikeallmusclesitmustbeexercisedandstrengthened. Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.Anythingthatdiminishesthatpoweristheenemyofmankind. ItshouldbeknownthatIamnotopposedtonewmediaandtechnologi

42、caladvances.Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadapttoadvancingtechnology.Infact，anumberofmynovelsareinvariousstagesofdevelopmentforfilm，TV，andlivestageproductions.Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(補(bǔ)充) byitsvisualcounterparts(對(duì)應(yīng)物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction. Ofcourse，ther

43、earethosewhowillpresentargumentsforthesuperiorityofthemovingimageoverthewrittenword.Eachhasitsplace.Myargumentisforfindingtherightbalancebetweenitandthemovingimage. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了敘事電影行業(yè)的發(fā)展讓文字變得相形見(jiàn)絀。作者認(rèn)為文字是激發(fā)和增強(qiáng)我們想象力的重要工具，同時(shí)表達(dá)了對(duì)閱讀的命運(yùn)的擔(dān)心。 1.Inwhatwaydoesnarrativefilm/TVembarrassthewrittenword?

44、 A.Economicbenefits. B.Internationalreach. C.Culturalinfluence. D.Educationalimportance. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使相形見(jiàn)絀) thepublishingindustry.”可知，敘事電影行業(yè)是一個(gè)令出版行業(yè)相形見(jiàn)絀的賺錢行業(yè)，由此可知，敘事電影行業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)利益方面使文字變得尷尬。故選A。 2.Whydoestheauthorvaluetheroleofthewrittenwor

45、d? A.Itstrengthensourmuscles. B.Ithelpssharpenourimagination. C.Itdistinguishesmanfromeachother. D.Itpavesthewayfornarrativefilm/TV. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.”可知，寫(xiě)作和閱讀是激發(fā)、創(chuàng)造和增強(qiáng)我們想象力的主要工具，由此可知，作者重視文字的作用是因?yàn)樗芴岣呶覀兊南胂罅?。?/p>

46、選B。 3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstechnology? A.Cautious. B.Skeptical. C.Positive. D.Critical. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadapttoadvancingtechnology.”可知，作者覺(jué)得有必要適應(yīng)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，由此可推知，作者對(duì)技術(shù)持積極的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。 4.What’stheauthorconcernedabout? A.Thefateofreading. B.Theexti

47、nctionoffiction. C.Theimpactofthewrittenword. D.Thefutureofthemovingimage. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(補(bǔ)充) byitsvisualcounterparts(對(duì)應(yīng)物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction.”可知，作者希望書(shū)面文字會(huì)得到視覺(jué)文字的補(bǔ)充，而不是被推到滅絕的邊緣，由此可知，作者擔(dān)心的是閱讀的命運(yùn)。故選A。 2 話題：養(yǎng)寵物

48、難度：★★ 建議用時(shí)：7分鐘 Owningalovable，cuddlypetcanunquestionablymakeone’shomelifebetter—andapparently，itcanaffectpetowners’professionallivesaswell.Infact，accordingtoanewsurvey，peoplewhohaveownedpetsmaybemoreprofessionallysuccessful. ThesurveywasconductedbyKeltonGlobalResearchforBanfieldPetHospital.Ther

49、esearcherssurveyed857adultsintheUnitedStateswithavarietyofcareers.AmongtheC-suiteexecutives(高管) surveyed,93percentgrewwithapetintheirhome，with78percentclaimingthatgrowingupwithapethelpedcausetheircareersuccessasanadult.Interestingly,83percentofC-suiteexecutiveswhoparticipatedsaidtheygrewupwithadog,5

50、9percentofthemsaidtheygrewupwithacat，and37percentofthemsaidtheygrewupwithanotherkindofpet. So，howexactlydoespetownershipcausecareersuccess？Well，accordingtoBanfield’sresearch，executivesreportedthattheirpethelpedteachthemlessonslikeresponsibility，creativity，sympathy，discipline，andorganization，whichha

51、veallbeeninvaluableinthebusinessworld. “AtBanfieldPetHospital，we’velongrecognizedthespecialbondbetweenpeopleandtheirpets，aswellasthepositiveimpactpetshaveonoursociety，”BrianGarish，presidentofBanfieldPetHospitalsaid.“Fromthepetownershiplessonswelearnedaschildren，tothewaysourfour-leggedfriendscurrent

52、lyhelpusevolve，connectwithothers，andstaygrounded，ourlatestresearchsupportsthebeliefwe’vehadallalong—thattheremaybealinkbetweenpetsandtheirabilitytohelpshapeusaspeople.” Butwhataboutpeoplewhogrewuppet-less，buthaveadoptedpetsasadults? Accordingtotheresearch,86percentofcurrentpetparentssurveyedsaidow

53、ningpetshelpsthemsticktoaroutine，bettermanagetheirtime，andmoreefficientlymultitask.Butevenifyoudon’tthinkyourpethasdirectlyhelpedyou，yourcoworkers’knowledgethatyouhaveapetmayactuallybebeneficialforyourcareer.Infact,80percentofpeoplesurveyedsaidthey“feelmoreconnectedwithcolleagueswhoarepetowners”and7

54、9percentofthosesurveyedbelievedthatfellowco-workerswhohavepetsare“hardworkers”. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。養(yǎng)一只可愛(ài)的寵物無(wú)疑會(huì)讓家庭生活更美好，而且這似乎還能影響到寵物主人的職業(yè)生涯。一項(xiàng)最新調(diào)查顯示，養(yǎng)寵物的人在職業(yè)上會(huì)更加成功。 5.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresearch? A.Theparticipantswererandomlyselected. B.ThemajorityofAmericansliketoraisepets. C.Keepingdogsismor

55、erewardingthankeepingcats. D.Manyparticipantsgrewupwithmultiplekindsofpets. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，受調(diào)查的高管中，83%的人說(shuō)和寵物狗一起長(zhǎng)大，59%的人說(shuō)和寵物貓一起長(zhǎng)大，37%的人說(shuō)和其他種類的寵物一起長(zhǎng)大。這些比例的總和超過(guò)100%，由此可推知，很多受調(diào)查者家里不止一種寵物。故選D。 6.Accordingtotheresearch，acolleaguewhoownsapetisbelievedto. A.havemorepatience B.bemoreaccessib

56、le C.possessahigherIQ D.takeworkmoreseriously 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Infact,80percentofpeoplesurveyedsaidthey‘feelmoreconnectedwithcolleagueswhoarepetowners’”可知，80%的受調(diào)查者說(shuō)，他們和養(yǎng)寵物的同事感覺(jué)更親近，故飼養(yǎng)寵物的人更容易接近。故選B。 7.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage? A.Owningpetsensuresyouasuccessfullife. B.Raisingpetstea

57、chesyoumanygoodvalues. C.Havingpetshelpsindividualssucceedincareers. D.Raisingpetsispopularamongsuccessfulpeople. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中的“peoplewhohaveownedpetsmaybemoreprofessionallysuccessful”可知，本文的主題是“養(yǎng)寵物的人在職業(yè)上可能會(huì)更加成功”，故C項(xiàng)最能概括文章的主要內(nèi)容。 3 話題：蔬菜種植新方式 難度：★ 建議用時(shí)：7分鐘 MostofBangladeshisat

58、orbelowsealevel.Risingseawaterslinkedtoclimatechangehasseverelyaffectedthecountry.Highwaterfromstormsincoastalareasalsoaddssalttosoil.Thelandisbecomingsalty.Cropsarelessproductiveandmanyareasofcroplandinthecountryarebecomingunfitforfarming.Thesearebigproblemsforthesmallcountry.Morethan155millionpeop

59、leliveinBangladesh.GrowingcropsisthemostcommonwayBangladeshissupportthemselves. Tofindawayout，farmersinthecountryarelearningtogrowvegetablesinso-called“verticalgardens”.Thesoilinthesegardensisbetterbecauseheavyrainshaveremovedmuchofthesalt. Averticalgardeniseasytomake.Villagersfillcontainerswithgo

60、odsoilandnaturalfertilizers.Theyputthecontainersonbrickssotheyareofftheground.Theyaddpiecesofthebrickstothesoiltohelpwaterflowanddrain(排水). Thefarmerscutsmallholesintothesidesofthecontainers.Thispermitsvegetableswithshortrootsaplacetogrow.Vegetableswithlongrootsgrowontopofthecontainer.Onebagofsoilc

61、anproduceuptoeightkilogramsofvegetablesinoneseason. Thefarmersalsogrowvegetablesincontainersmadefromlarge，thinpiecesofplasticsupportedbybamboo.This“verticaltower”measuresmorethanameterwide.Eachofthesetowerscanproducemorethan100kilogramsofvegetables.Itcostsabout$12－$13tobuild. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。“農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量減

62、少”是孟加拉國(guó)的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。為了找到出路，這個(gè)國(guó)家的農(nóng)民正在學(xué)習(xí)在所謂的“垂直花園”里種植蔬菜。 8.WhatismentionedasabigproblemforBangladesh? A.Severeclimateconditions. B.Toomanypeopletosupport. C.Lackofenoughfreshwater. D.Reducedcropproductivity. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Cropsarelessproductiveandmanyareasofcroplandinthecountryarebecomingun

63、fitforfarming.Thesearebigproblemsforthesmallcountry.”可知，“農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量減少”是孟加拉國(guó)的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。故選D。 9.Whichmainlymakesvegetablegrowinginverticalgardenssuccessful? A.Placesinthesoilforroots. B.Heavyrainskeptinthesoil. C.Thegoodsoilwithlittlesalt. D.Brickpiecesaddedtothesoil. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thesoilinthes

64、egardensisbetterbecauseheavyrainshaveremovedmuchofthesalt.”可知，少鹽的好土讓垂直花園的蔬菜種植成功。故選C。 10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3referto? A.Bricks. B.Fertilizers. C.Villagers. D.Containers. 答案　D 解析　代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段可知，垂直花園很容易建造。村民們用好土和天然肥料裝滿容器。他們把容器放在磚上，這樣它們就離地了。他們?cè)谕寥乐屑尤氪u塊來(lái)幫助水流和排水。由此推知畫(huà)線詞they指代的是“容

65、器”。故選D。 11.Whatcanweinferabouttheverticaltower? A.Itisofftheground. B.Itdrainsveryimproperly. C.Itusesbambooforcontainers. D.Itisunfitforgrowingvegetables. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“Thefarmersalsogrowvegetablesincontainersmadefromlarge，thinpiecesofplasticsupportedbybamboo.This‘verticaltower’mea

66、suresmorethanameterwide.”可知，農(nóng)民們也在由竹子支撐的大而薄的塑料片制成的容器里種植蔬菜。這個(gè)“verticaltower”有一米多寬。故選A。 題組訓(xùn)練三 1 話題：科技發(fā)明 難度：★★ 建議用時(shí)：8分鐘 EvenwhentheruggedexpansesoftheGreatSmokyMountainswereburstingwiththeirfamousfallcolors，theyalwayslookeddullblackandyellowishtoVanLewfromthe3,590-foot-highperchofMountHarrison.For20-year-oldVanLew，whohasbeencolor-blindhiswholelife，somecolorshavejustbeenlefttotheimagination.Helovespainting，buthiswifeMollyhastohelphimpickandmixcolors. Lastweek，however，whenVanLewvisitedthescen