(浙京津魯瓊專版)2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題五 寫作 第三節(jié) 概要寫作學(xué)案 新人教版
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1、第三節(jié) 概要寫作 該題型要求根據(jù)所提供的材料寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。其中所提供的短文詞數(shù)在350以內(nèi),所選材料的體裁沒有限制,以說明文、議論文和記敘文為主。 評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 本題總分為25分,按5個(gè)檔次給分(詞數(shù)少于40和多于80的,從總分中減去2分) 檔次 描述 第五檔 (21-25) 1.理解準(zhǔn)確,涵蓋全部要點(diǎn)。 2.能準(zhǔn)確使用相應(yīng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。 3.能有效使用語句間的連接成分,使所完成的概要結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 4.完全使用了自己的語言。 第四檔 (16-20) 1.理解準(zhǔn)確,涵蓋絕大部分要點(diǎn)。 2.所使用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯可能有些錯(cuò)誤,但完全不影響意義表達(dá)。
2、3.比較有效地使用了語句間的連接成分,使所完成的概要結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 4.有個(gè)別整句抄自原文。 第三檔 (11-15) 1.理解較為準(zhǔn)確,涵蓋大部分要點(diǎn)。 2.所使用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面雖有些錯(cuò)誤,但不影響意義表達(dá)。 3.使用簡單的語句間的連接成分,使上下文內(nèi)容連貫。 4.出現(xiàn)兩句以上整句抄自原文現(xiàn)象。 第二檔 (6-10) 1.理解有誤差,僅涵蓋半數(shù)要點(diǎn)。 2.有些許語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤,影響了意義的表達(dá)。 3.較少使用語句間的連接成分,全文內(nèi)容缺少連貫性。 4.出現(xiàn)兩句以上整句抄自原文現(xiàn)象。 第一檔 (1-5) 1.沒有理解原文,造成概要內(nèi)容與原文主題不符。
3、 2.有較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤,嚴(yán)重影響了意義的表達(dá)。 3.缺乏語句間的連接成分,全文內(nèi)容不連貫。 4.出現(xiàn)多個(gè)句子抄自原文現(xiàn)象。 0分 白卷、內(nèi)容太少無法評(píng)判或所寫內(nèi)容與所提供內(nèi)容無關(guān)。 常見錯(cuò)誤 1.不能準(zhǔn)確抓住要點(diǎn)。概要寫作的重點(diǎn)是能概括出要點(diǎn),如果不能抓住要點(diǎn),句子寫得再好,也不能得分。因此,抓住要點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵。抓準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn),除了要讀懂文章的主旨、了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu),還要特別注意一些標(biāo)志詞,如小標(biāo)題、高頻詞等。 2.隨意打亂文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。概要寫作一般會(huì)提供結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰的文章。而寫概要的時(shí)候,一般都是按照文章的結(jié)構(gòu)去概括要點(diǎn)。不要輕易打亂文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。 3.各個(gè)要點(diǎn)
4、的獨(dú)立性不夠??荚囌f明對(duì)要點(diǎn)的獨(dú)立性有明確的要求。因此,我們對(duì)要點(diǎn)的陳述也要相對(duì)獨(dú)立,一般不要把幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)放到一個(gè)句子中。 4.照抄原文中的句子。概要寫作的獨(dú)立性除了各個(gè)要點(diǎn)的獨(dú)立之外,其實(shí)還要求用自己的語言去概括文章,不能直接照抄原文的句子。因此,切記要用自己的語言來概括要點(diǎn)。 一、在寫作時(shí),主要考慮以下內(nèi)容: 1.概括的準(zhǔn)確性 概要應(yīng)包括原文中的主要事實(shí),略去不必要的細(xì)節(jié)。安排好篇幅的比例,概要應(yīng)同原文保持協(xié)調(diào),即用較多的文字寫重要內(nèi)容,用較少的文字寫次要內(nèi)容。開篇用主題句清楚明白地告訴讀者文章的寫作目的,主題句的質(zhì)量決定概括的成敗。 2.語言的規(guī)范性 盡量使用短句,慎用長難句。
5、多使用概括性詞語,少用具體描述性詞語。不排斥用原文的某些詞句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的語言來表達(dá),至少要對(duì)原文句子作一些同義詞替換,如果結(jié)構(gòu)上也能有一些轉(zhuǎn)換會(huì)更好。 3.篇章的連貫性 理解準(zhǔn)確,涵蓋全部要點(diǎn),完全使用自己的語言,準(zhǔn)確使用相應(yīng)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯,得分檔次相應(yīng)比較高;相反,如果概要寫作部分出現(xiàn)兩句以上整句抄自原文現(xiàn)象,得分檔次將會(huì)大大降低;所寫內(nèi)容與所提供內(nèi)容無關(guān)則不得分。 所寫的文章要有一個(gè)明確的主題貫穿全文,在組織材料時(shí)要有明晰的思路。此外,層次要分明,有條理;銜接過渡要自然。在備考的過程中進(jìn)行寫提綱的訓(xùn)練有助于該項(xiàng)能力的提高。 二、分體裁個(gè)個(gè)擊破 1
6、.記敘文:“要素串聯(lián)法” 記敘文主要是記敘所發(fā)生的事情和經(jīng)歷。常見的形式有:故事、日記、新聞報(bào)道、游記等。記敘文通常要交代清楚六要素的內(nèi)容,即when,where,who,what,how,why(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因、結(jié)果),給讀者一個(gè)內(nèi)容完整、細(xì)節(jié)清晰的故事。事情的敘述通常按時(shí)間的順序敘述,讓讀者易于把握所敘述內(nèi)容之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)。我們必須抓住記敘文的寫作特點(diǎn)或思路,從而更好地理解文章主題,概括出比較中肯的短文中心大意,用最簡練的語言來說明故事講述了什么。其概要模板為: (1)點(diǎn)明寫作目的類: The writer tells us...(主題)by showing us an
7、 example of...,who/which...(故事情節(jié)) (2)作者經(jīng)歷類: In the passage,the writer mainly tells us his experience of doing...,which... (3)他人經(jīng)歷類: Thispassageismainlyaboutsb.’sexperienceofdoing... 2.議論文:“主題概括法” 議論文通常用來講明道理、議論是非、提出觀點(diǎn)和看法。作者先正面或反面提出論點(diǎn),然后用事實(shí)論證論點(diǎn),最后以重申論點(diǎn)或提出建議的方式得出結(jié)論。議論文的主題句通常在首段或尾段,或者在各段的首句或尾句。
8、該概述的過程中盡可能客觀簡要地轉(zhuǎn)述閱讀材料的觀點(diǎn)。可以采用如下方法概括:Thewriterofthisarticlethinksthat...或者你認(rèn)為該材料的觀點(diǎn)代表了一些人的思想,就可以說Somepeople think...,還可以從中立的角度或用“無人稱”的方式來說The article gives the view that...。 常用以下句式開頭: (1)Thepassagemainlytellsus (talksabout)... (2)Wecanknowfromthepassage... (3)Asfarastheauthorisconcerned... 3.說明文
9、、應(yīng)用文:“段意合并法” 說明性短文,必須用概括性的文字來說明某種現(xiàn)象,常用以下句式開頭: (1)Itisstatedinthearticlethat... (2)Accordingtothepassage,theauthorstatesthat... 說明文的概括結(jié)構(gòu)為:phenomenon/problem+reason+solution (causeandeffect),introductionofanobject (howitismade,howitisused,howitmaychange,whatmakesitneworsignificant) (3)對(duì)于說明性或描述性短文
10、,可以用概括性文字說明某一現(xiàn)象。其模板為: ①現(xiàn)象揭示類: Thisarticlepointsoutthecommonphenomenon—(主題),which...(補(bǔ)充解釋) ②利弊對(duì)比類: Thearticlecomparesthedisadvantages/benefitsofAandB.A...whileB... ③研究顯示類: Thestudyreveals(揭露) that... Thepurposeofthereportistoshowthat... 三、寫作步驟 1.弄清要求,有的放矢。 概要寫作是寫全文的概要,不是寫某一部分的概要,也不是單獨(dú)就某些問題寫
11、出要點(diǎn)。 2.細(xì)讀原文,確定主題句。 首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,確定文章的主題句,掌握文章主旨和結(jié)構(gòu),明確各段的大意。主題句一般在段首。沒有主題句的需要自己組合。 3.尋找關(guān)鍵詞,列出原文要點(diǎn)。 分析主題句意義,確定關(guān)鍵詞,關(guān)鍵詞一般體現(xiàn)為名詞、形容詞,關(guān)鍵詞的數(shù)目決定了概括的信息濃度。分析原文的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu),將內(nèi)容分項(xiàng)扼要表述并注意在結(jié)構(gòu)上的順序。在此基礎(chǔ)上選出與文章主題密切相關(guān)的部分。 1(2019·6月浙江) Parentseverywherepraisetheirkids.JennBerman,authorofTheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfide
12、ntKids,says, “We’vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.”Bygivingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey’rebuildingtheirchildren’sconfidence,when,infact,itmaybejusttheopposite.Toomuchpraisecanbackfireand,whengiveninawaythat’sinsincere,makekidsafraidtotrynewthingsortakear
13、iskforfearofnotbeingabletostayontopwheretheirparents’praisehasputthem. Still,don’tgotoofarintheotherdirection.Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.Kidswillfeellikethey’renotgoodenoughorthatyoudon’tcareand,asaresult,mayseenopointintryinghardfortheiraccomplishments. Sowhatistherig
14、htamountofpraise? Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomethingthatdeservesaverbalreward.“Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeourchildren’seffortstopushthemselvesandworkhardtoachieveagoal,”saysDon
15、ahue,authorofParentingWithoutFear: LettingGoofWorryandFocusingonWhatReallyMatters.“Onethingtorememberisthatit’stheprocessnottheendproductthatmatters.” Yoursonmaynotbethebestbasketballplayeronhisteam.Butifhe’soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorlose
16、s.Praisingtheeffortandnottheoutcomecanalsomeanrecognizingyourchildwhenhe/shehasworkedhardtocleantheyard,cookdinner,orfinishabookreport.Butwhateveritis,praiseshouldbegivenonacase-by-casebasisandbeproportionate(相稱的) totheamountofeffortyourchildhasputintoit. 思路點(diǎn)撥 文章體裁:議論文 時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主 文章大意:父母對(duì)孩子的過多表揚(yáng)
17、或過少都會(huì)帶來不好的影響,恰當(dāng)?shù)谋頁P(yáng)應(yīng)著重表揚(yáng)孩子做事過程中的努力而非結(jié)果,并建立在實(shí)際情況的基礎(chǔ)上。 段落大意: 1.現(xiàn)在的父母表揚(yáng)孩子過多,會(huì)帶來負(fù)面的影響,如孩子害怕嘗試新事物或者害怕達(dá)不到父母的高期待等。 2.過少的表揚(yáng)也是有害的,會(huì)讓孩子覺得自己不夠好,沒有得到父母的關(guān)心或覺得自己的努力沒有意義。 3.正確的方式應(yīng)該是注重贊美的質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量,注重孩子努力的過程而非結(jié)果。 4.表揚(yáng)要適當(dāng),要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況。 變式表達(dá) 要點(diǎn)1 (1)Givingchildrentoomuchpraisecanbebadforthem.(概括明了) (2)Parentspraisethe
18、irkidstobuildtheirconfidencebutgivingthemalotofpraisemaybejusttheopposite.(交代目的和反作用) 要點(diǎn)2 (1)Notpraisingthemisalsoharmful,whichmakesthemnottryhard.(定語從句,簡潔) (2)Kidswillloseheartifnotpraisedenough.(狀語從句、省略句,簡單明了) 要點(diǎn)3 (1)Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothequalityofpraiseratherthanthequantity,andweshould
19、remembertheprocessismoreimportantthantheend.(并列句,交代兩個(gè)方面的問題) (2)Actually,whatreallymattersisthequalityratherthanthequantityofpraise,whichshouldbesincereandconcentrateontheprocessinsteadoftheresult.(actually的使用,使前后銜接緊湊) 要點(diǎn)4 (1) Praisingchildrenappropriatelyisimportant,whichcanencourageandrecognizet
20、hem.(which定語從句說明目的) (2) Inaword,praisingchildrenshouldbebasedonthefactsandtheirefforts,withthepurposeofencouragingandrecognizingthem.(inaword概括全文) 參考范文 Parentspraisetheirchildrentopromotetheirconfidence,buttoomuchpraisemayresultinoppositeeffects.(要點(diǎn)1) However,kidsmayfeeldiscouragedwhennotgivene
21、noughpraise.(要點(diǎn)2)Actually,whatreallymattersisthequalityratherthanthequantityofpraise,whichshouldbesincereandconcentrateonprocessinsteadofresult.(要點(diǎn)3) Praiseoffersencouragementandrecognition,whileitshouldbebasedonthefactandcorrespondwiththeeffort.(要點(diǎn)4) 2(2018·11月浙江) It’sareallygoodideatovisit
22、collegesbeforeyouapplybecausetheirwebsitescanallstarttolookandsoundthesame.Nothingwillgiveyouthesenseofwhatitwillactuallybeliketoliveonacollegecampus(校園) likevisitingandseeingforyourselfthedorms,classroomsandathleticequipmentand,ofcourse,thestudents.Itseemsalittlecrazyoncesenioryearhitstofindthetime
23、tovisitcollegecampuses,anditcanalsobepriceyiftheschoolsyouareapplyingtohappentobemorethanacarrideaway.Butkeepinmindthatyouaremakingadecisionaboutthenextfouryearsofyourlife,anddoalltheresearchyoucantomakesureyouaremakingtherightone. There’snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.Infact,alotofcol
24、legeapplicationsevenaskifyouhavevisitedcampus,andobviously,ifyouliveacrossthecountrythatwon’tbeasmuchofapossibility,butifyoulivenearby,gocheckitout! Ifcampusvisitsaren’tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou’
25、dliketoattend.Itcansaveyoualotofheartacheifyouruleoutnowthethingsthatyoudon’tlikeaboutcertaincampuses,thingsthatyouwouldn’tknowunlessyouactuallyvisit. Now,iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.It’sachancetochatonlinewithadmissionsofficers,students,an
26、dcollegecounselors(顧問),anditwon’tcostyouapenny! Y.Whilevisitinganonlinecollegefaircan’ttaketheplaceofanactualcampusvisit,itcanbeaveryusefultoolthatalongwithallyourotherresearchwillhelpyoumakeaninformeddecisionaboutwhichcollegesoruniversitiesyou’dliketoattend. 思路點(diǎn)撥 文章體裁:議論文 時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主 文章大意:上大學(xué)之前需
27、要全面地了解你所感興趣的學(xué)校,文章介紹了幾種了解大學(xué)的途徑。 段落大意: 1.在上哪所大學(xué)之前需要全面地了解你所感興趣的學(xué)校,實(shí)地考察是了解學(xué)校的最好途徑。 2.如果有可能,盡量去參觀一下當(dāng)?shù)氐拇髮W(xué)校園。 3.倘若實(shí)在沒有時(shí)間在申請(qǐng)之前去看,那么也要在提交申請(qǐng)和接到錄取通知書這段時(shí)間之間去了解你想去的學(xué)校。 4.當(dāng)你既沒有時(shí)間也沒有財(cái)力的時(shí)候,上網(wǎng)瀏覽網(wǎng)上大學(xué)博覽會(huì)也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。 變式表達(dá) 要點(diǎn)1 (1) It’sgoodtovisitcollegesbeforeyouapply.(概括簡潔明了) (2)Thereisnodoubtthatitisben
28、eficialforyoutovisitcollegesbeforeapplying.(thereisnodoubtthat...,同位語從句的運(yùn)用提升句子檔次) 要點(diǎn)2 (1) Ifyoulivenearthecollege,dovisititinperson.(do強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作) (2)Itisnecessarytopayavisittothelocalcolleges,whichmaybeaskedinapplications.(定語從句使句子更生動(dòng)) 要點(diǎn)3 (1)Onlywhenyouvisitthecollegeinadvancecanyoufindwhetheritisap
29、propriateforyou.(運(yùn)用倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)提前參觀大學(xué)的好處) (2) Atleast,youshouldvisittheschoolandfigureoutitsrealconditionsinadvance.(atleast起到了很好的銜接作用) 要點(diǎn)4 (1)Ifyouhavenotimeormoney,itisagoodideatosurftheonlinecollegefairs.(概括簡潔) (2)Timeandmoneylimited,youcanregisterfortheonlinecollegefairstovisitthecolleges.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)說明條
30、件不具備) 參考范文 It’sreallyworthwhileforstudentstopayavisittotheirdesiredcollegespersonallybeforeapplying.(要點(diǎn)1)Undoubtedly,studentsshouldvisittheirlocalcolleges,whichmaybeincludedinapplications.(要點(diǎn)2) Atleast,theyshouldvisittheschoolandfigureoutitsrealconditionsinadvance.(要點(diǎn)3) Forstudentswhoareshortofm
31、oneyandtime,registeringfortheonlinecollegefairisagoodalternativetohelpthembetterunderstandschools.(要點(diǎn)4) 閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 HowtoGoAboutIt? Theoldsaying,“Findapenny,pickitup,andalldaylongyou’llhavegoodluck”,mightbeagoodideaforonelookingtoadoptcoincollectingasahobby.Anyonecanstartcoincoll
32、ecting.It’seasyandfuntostartcollectingonyourown.Youcanbeginsimply,withjustthecoinsinyourpocket.Andfromthere,yourhobbywillgrowintoalifelonghobbywithalittlediligence,perseverance,disciplineandpatience.Coincollectingisbotheducationalandinformative. Forkidsofyourage,allyouneedisaninterestincoins,asharp
33、eye,andaboxtoputthemin.Youcanlookinyourpocketchange,atdepartmentstores,atflea(跳蚤) markets,inpennydishesorinthecheapboxesatcoinshops.Don’tworryaboutwhetherit’sworthanything—juststartwithwhateverstrikesyourfancy(愛好).Ifyouwanttotakespecialcareofyourcoinssothattheydon’tgetscratched(有抓痕的),youcanputeachon
34、einasmallpaperenvelopebeforeyouputitinabox. Thefirstyouwillneedtodoistovisityourlocalhobbyshop.Thereyoucanpurchaseamagnifyingglass(放大鏡),somecoins,andsomecoinstorage(存儲(chǔ)) materials. Onceyouhavecollectedagoodnumberofcoins,youwillneedtodecidethetypeofyourcollectionandthechoicescanbeconfusingandendless
35、.Youcancollectthemseparately,orbuypre-collectedsetsof(幾套) Lincolnpennies(便士),Mercurydimes(硬幣),coinsfromforeignlands,andsoon,tostartyourcollection.Maybeyouwanttojustcollectcoinsfromacertaintimeperiodthatinterestyou.Whateveryourdecision,stickwithitandworktocompleteyourcollection. Youcanaddtoyourcolle
36、ctionbyvisitingcoinshowsortradingwithfamilyandfriendswhomightshareinterestwithyou. Thefinalstepistogetoutthere,enjoythehobbyandpulltogetherthemostamazingcollectionofcoinsevergathered. 寫作提示 1.寫作要點(diǎn) (1)第一段通過引用名言引出介紹的話題:“Anyonecanstartcoincollecting.”“Coincollectingisbotheducationalandinformative.”。
37、 (2)根據(jù)第二段首句“Forkidsofyourage,allyouneedisaninterestincoins,asharpeye,andaboxtoputthemin.”可知,對(duì)于與你年齡相仿的孩子來說,需要具備對(duì)硬幣的興趣、敏銳的觀察力和存放硬幣的盒子。 (3)根據(jù)第三段的首句“Thefirstyouwillneedtodoistovisityourlocalhobbyshop.”可知,收集硬幣首先要去當(dāng)?shù)氐臉I(yè)余愛好者商店看看。 (4)根據(jù)第四段中的“Youcancollectthemseparately,orbuypre-collectedsetsof(幾套) Lincoln
38、pennies(便士),Mercurydimes(硬幣),coinsfromforeignlands”可知,在收集了一些硬幣之后,要把它們分類整理。 (5)由第五段可知,你可以通過去硬幣展或者是和有同樣愛好的家人、朋友交換來增加你的收藏。 (6)最后一段告訴我們,收藏完成后,要走出去和別人分享成功的快樂。 這是一篇說明文,文章開篇便點(diǎn)題,說明硬幣收集的意義,然后從6個(gè)方面分6步進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹。由于論點(diǎn)較多,在概括時(shí)要注意連接成分的使用。 2.得分詞句:asharpeye;togetyourcoins;ifnecessary; Inaddition;定語從句:whichcanbebot
39、heducationalandinformative;whencompleting省略句等。 參考范文 Anyonecanstartcoincollectingwhichcanbebotheducationalandinformative.Forkidsofyourage,interest,asharpeyeandaboxareneeded.First,goouttovisityourlocalhobbyshoptogetyourcoins.Andthenseparateorbuypre-collectedsetsifnecessary.Finally,youcanalsoad
40、dtoyourcollection.Inaddition,whencompletingcollections,goouttoenjoyorsharethem. 強(qiáng)化練(二十六) Ⅰ.應(yīng)用文寫作 假定你是李華。你從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上得知第十二屆國際未來商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖峰會(huì)(InternationalFutureBusinessLeaderSummit)將在上海舉行,并歡迎中學(xué)生參加。請(qǐng)你寫一封電子郵件申請(qǐng)參加。要點(diǎn)如下: 1.自我介紹(包括英語能力); 2.申請(qǐng)參加活動(dòng)的意圖(增長商業(yè)知識(shí)、提高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力、加強(qiáng)交流); 3.希望獲準(zhǔn)。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié),以使內(nèi)容充實(shí),
41、行文連貫。 參考范文 DearSirorMadam, I’mLiHua,amiddleschoolstudentfromChina.Ireadaboutyourannouncementofthe12thInternationalFutureBusinessLeaderSummitpostedontheInternet.I’mwritingtoapplyforanopportunitytojoininit. TenyearsofEnglishlearningenablesmetohaveagoodcommandofthislanguage.What’smore,Icandeepenmyu
42、nderstandingofbusiness,improvemyleadershipandcommunicatewithstudentsfromothercountriesaswell.Idohopetobeadmittedtoyoursummit. Lookingforwardtoyourreply! Regards, LiHua Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫 閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。 Iwasdoingabigclean-uprecentlyandmykidswerehelpingwhenmyson,F(xiàn)reddo,cameacrossaknottedhand
43、kerchiefwithanolddarkbrowncoininside.“Mum,canIhavethis? CanIplaywiththiscoin?”heasked.Itookalookandwasimmediatelytransportedtoanothertime. In1991,therewasatimewhenmyfriendandIworkedinabackwardAfricancountry,Niger,hitbysandstormsandburningheat.ThereweremanythingsIfounddifficultaboutthisplace—theclim
44、ateandbeggarsweremybiggestheadaches.Soafterfinishingfivemonthsofnursingworkthere,wemovedontoworkatahealthclinicintheneighbouringcountry,BurkinaFaso.“It’smuchgreenerinBurkina.EventheCoketastesbetter,”thelocalsassuredus. Yetthefactwasquitetheopposite.ArrivingbytaxiatourdestinationinBurkina,webegantou
45、nload.Iwasreachingformylargerpieceofluggagewhen,outofthedarkness,amotorbikewithtwomenapproachedslowly.Withoutwarning,oneofthemengrabbedmydaypackasthemotorbikesweptcloseby.Withinseconds,thepairwereoutofsight,swallowedupbythenight. Withmypassport,money,traveller’schequesallinthebag,Iwasindeeptrouble.
46、Howfrustrating! AllIwantedwastoleavethishellhole! Then,walkingthroughBurkina’sstreetsoneday,Iwasstoppedbyanoldwomanwhothrustherhandinmyface.“Cadeau (‘gift’inFrench)! Cadeau!”shecried.I’dhadenough! Iwasextremelytiredofthecountry:itspoverty,itsthieves,theheat,thedustand...everything! Itoldherangrilyan
47、dfirmlyinFrench,“Ihaveno‘cadeau’.Ihavenomoney.AthiefstoleallmymoneytwoweeksagoandnowIcan’tgetoutofyourcountry.Icannotgiveyouanything.NOTHING!”Thebeggarwomanlistenedattentively.Tomygreatsurprise,afterhearingmywords,shegavemeabroadsmile. 注意: 1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右; 2.應(yīng)使用5個(gè)以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語; 3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段
48、的開頭語已為你寫好; 4.續(xù)寫完成后,請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。 Paragraph1: Shereachedintothepocketsofherdress. Paragraph2: Therewasaslighttouchonmyhand; lookingdown,Isawmysonlookingatme,curious. 參考范文 Shereachedintothepocketsofherdress.“ThenIwillgiveyouacadeau,”sheannounced.Kindly,sheplacedanold,darkbrowncoinin
49、myhand.Insurprise,Ilookedatthecoin,thenatthewoman.Atthatmoment,Ifeltratherashamed,ashamedofmyterribleattitudetowardstheoldwoman.Inspiteofherpoverty,shewasabletogivemesomethingpriceless.Ihadtakenitforgrantedthatbeggarswouldonlyreceivesomethingfromothers,yetthecoinfromthebeggarwomaninBurkinatrulychang
50、edmyviewtowardsthem,andhersmilehitthedeepestofmyheart. Therewasaslighttouchonmyhand; lookingdown,Isawmysonlookingatme,curious.“Mum,canIhavethis? CanIplaywiththiscoin?”herepeated.“Youcan’tplaywithit,honey.”Itouchedmysonontheheadandsaidslowly,“Thisoneisspecial.Itisanunforgettablepreciousmemorytome.Co
51、meandletmetellyouastory.” 強(qiáng)化練(二十七) Ⅰ.應(yīng)用文寫作 假如你是李華,你們班正在為即將舉行的英語戲劇節(jié)排練節(jié)目TheMillionPoundBankNote(《百萬英鎊》),請(qǐng)你給外教MrBrown寫一封電子郵件以尋求他的指導(dǎo)和幫助,要點(diǎn)如下: 1.排練時(shí)間、地點(diǎn); 2.請(qǐng)他指導(dǎo)臺(tái)詞; 3.表示感謝。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 參考詞匯:排練rehearsal;臺(tái)詞lines 參考范文 DearMrBrown, I’mwritingtoaskafavorofyou.WiththeEnglishPla
52、yFestivaldrawingnear,ourclassarecurrentlydevotedtotherehearsalofTheMillionPoundBankNote.OurnextrehearsalisscheduledinRoom101at7o’clockthisSunday.Asnon-nativespeakers,weareindesperateneedoftheguidanceonlinesfromsomeonelikeyou,whohasimpresseduswithprofoundknowledgeanddeepinsightintotheEnglishliteratur
53、e.Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldbepresentandoffersomesuggestions. Lookingforwardtoyourfavorablereply! Yours, LiHua Ⅱ.概要寫作 閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 ScientistsinLondonsaytheyhavefoundthebestdietforbothhumansandtheplanet.Iftheworldfollowedtheso-called“planetaryhealth”diet,thescientiststoldReuter
54、sthateachyearmorethan11millionearlydeathscouldbeprevented.Scientistssaythatthewayweproduceandeatfoodisverybadfortheplanet.Forthehealthoftheplanet,theyclaimthesamedietwouldreducegreenhousegasesandsavemoreland,waterandanimals. TimLang,aprofessoratBritain’sUniversityofLondon,co-ledtheresearch.HetoldRe
55、uters,“Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdeterminesthehealthofpeopleandtheplanet,andwearecurrentlygettingthisseriouslywrong.”Langaddedthattheworld’spopulationisexpectedtogrowto10billionpeopleby2050.Ifwewanttofeedeveryone,heexplained,weallneedtochangewhatweeatandthewayweeatby“improvingfoodproductionandred
56、ucingfoodwaste”. Well,whatdoyoueatontheplanetaryhealthdiet? Thescientistswhocreatedthisdietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhassmallamountsofdairy,fishandmeat.Thedietcallsforcuttingredmeatandsugarby50percentanddoublingtheamountofnuts,fruits,vegetablesandlegumes. Foodsituationsaroundtheworldarenote
57、qual.Incertainareas,thiswouldmeangreatchanges.PeopleinNorthAmerica,forexample,eat6.5timestherecommendedamountofredmeat.Ontheotherhand,peopleinSouthAsiaeatonlyhalftheamountsuggestedbythenewplanetaryhealthdiet.Meetingthetargetsforvegetableswouldneedbigchangesinotherareas.Insub-SaharanAfrica,peopleonav
58、erageeat7.5timesthesuggestedamountofvegetableslikepotatoesandcassava. Thescientistsadmittheirgoalwillbedifficulttoachieve.Butforthemdoingnothingisalsonotanoption.Willetsaid,“Ifwecan’tquitemakeit,it’sbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.” 參考范文 Scientistsclaimtheyhaveobtainedthebestdietbenefitingbothhum
59、ansandtheplanet.TimLang,theleaderoftheresearch,emphasizedthesignificanceofchangingthefoodandthewayweeat.Inotherwords,itismorescientificfordiettobemorebasedonplantsthananimals.However,thefoodconditionisnotgloballybalanced.Toughasthetargetistorealize,itisworthtrying. 強(qiáng)化練(二十八) Ⅰ.應(yīng)用文寫作 假如你是李華。期中考試后,為
60、了讓大家好好放松一下,上周末你班組織了一次郊游活動(dòng)。這次活動(dòng)受到了全班同學(xué)的一致好評(píng)。請(qǐng)你就本次活動(dòng)給校園英語報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道。內(nèi)容包括: 1.欣賞風(fēng)光; 2.享受野餐; 3.做小游戲。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右,題目已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù); 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 APleasantOuting 參考范文 APleasantOuting Lastweekend,inordertohelpusstudentsgetrelaxedafterthemid-termexamination,ourclassorganizedanoutingandeveryon
61、etookanactivepartinit.Ontheway,wesawamazingscenesandtookmanyphotos.Oncewereachedthechosensite,weenjoyedadeliciouspicnicfirstandthenplayedinterestinggames.Everybodyhadlotsoffun. Thisoutingnotonlybroughtusgreatpleasurebutalsorelievedpressureinourstudy.Andtherelationshipamongusstudentsalsogotstrengthe
62、ned. Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫 閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。 Awealthymanandhissonlikedtocollectrareworksofart.Theyhadeverythingintheircollection,fromPicassotoRaphael.Theywouldoftensittogetherandadmirethesegreatworksofart. WhentheVietnamconflictbrokeout,thesonwenttowar.Unfortunatelyhediedinabattlewhilerescuinganot
63、hersoldier.Thefatherwasindeepsorrowforhisonlyson. Aboutamonthlater,justbeforeChristmas,therewasaknockatthedoor.Ayoungmanstoodatthedoorwithalargepackageinhishands.Hesaid,“Sir,youdon’tknowme,Iamthesoldierforwhomyoursongavehislife.”“Hesavedmanylivesthatday,andhewascarryingmetosafetywhenabulletstruckhi
64、mintheheartandkilledhiminstantly.”“Heoftentalkedaboutyou,andyourloveofart.”Theyoungmanheldoutthepackage,“Iknowthisisn’tmuch.”“I’mnotagreatartist,butIthinkyoursonwouldhavewantedyoutohavethis.” Thefatheropenedthepackage.Itwasapictureofhisson,paintedbytheyoungman.Hestaredinsurpriseatthewaythesoldierca
65、pturedthepersonalityofhissoninthepainting.Thefatherwassodrawntotheeyesthathisowneyeswelledwithtears.Hethankedtheyoungmanandofferedtopayforthepainting.“Oh,no,sir,Icouldneverrepaywhatyoursondidforme.It’sagift.” Thefatherhungthepictureonthehall.Everytimevisitorscametohishomehetookthemtoseetheportraito
66、fhissonbeforeheshowedthemanyoftheothergreatworkshehadcollected. Themandiedafewmonthslater.Therewasgoingtobeagreatauction(拍賣會(huì)) ofhisartcollection.Manyinfluentialpeoplegathered,excitedoverseeingthegreatpaintingsandhavingtheopportunitytopurchaseonefortheircollection. 注意: 1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右; 2.至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語; 3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段的開頭語已為你寫好; 4.續(xù)寫完成后,請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。 Paragraph1: Ontheplatformsatthepaintingoftheson. Paragraph2: Finally
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