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1、（宜賓專版）2022屆中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第3部分 中考題型攻略篇 題型6 綜合填空（精講）練習(xí) 　　綜合填空題是近三年興起的新題型,它以閱讀理解為基礎(chǔ)。該題型綜合考查學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)詞匯、語(yǔ)法、慣用法的理解和運(yùn)用,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,考查學(xué)生對(duì)整篇文章的分析、判斷、邏輯推理能力,是一種要求高、難度大、區(qū)分度高的題型。其主要形式就是在一篇語(yǔ)意完整的短文中有目的地挖出一些空白,造成信息鏈的中斷,讓學(xué)生在重新理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)和常識(shí),對(duì)每個(gè)空格做出盡可能合理地分析判斷,給出最佳答案,使重新構(gòu)建的文章主旨鮮明,文意暢達(dá),邏輯嚴(yán)密。這道題通常設(shè)置10個(gè)空,?？嫉男问街饕幸韵聨追N：1.根據(jù)所給出的單

2、詞,用其正確的形式填空；2.根據(jù)所給的首字母,寫出單詞的正確形式；3.根據(jù)所給出的漢語(yǔ),寫出其正確形式；4.根據(jù)上下文,在短文的空白處填出單詞的正確形式；5.根據(jù)所給音標(biāo),寫出正確的單詞。預(yù)計(jì)2019年宜賓中考不再對(duì)音標(biāo)提示寫單詞進(jìn)行考查,而是通過(guò)漢語(yǔ)提示寫單詞的形式考查學(xué)生單詞拼寫情況,其他幾種設(shè)題形式保持不變。 解 題 策 略 做綜合填空題時(shí),通常先要弄清語(yǔ)境,并依據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行合理的分析、判斷,才能做出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。具體可分為以下三步： 1.通覽全文。通讀全文,理順題意,找出信息詞。這是做好綜合填空題的關(guān)鍵,因?yàn)榫C合填空題的特點(diǎn)是著眼于整體理解。我們應(yīng)該根據(jù)首句給出的提示,通過(guò)邏輯

3、思維,借助短文中關(guān)鍵詞所提供的信息,盡快把全文讀完,建立對(duì)文章的整體感覺(jué)。 2.仔細(xì)推敲,初定答案。在通讀全文,了解大意的基礎(chǔ)上著手答題。答題時(shí)要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容要求,結(jié)合文章的主題,綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的詞匯、語(yǔ)法知識(shí),對(duì)每個(gè)空進(jìn)行認(rèn)真分析,反復(fù)推敲,從而確定答案?？梢詮囊韵聨讉€(gè)方面入手： (1)根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境確定答案； (2)根據(jù)慣用法或習(xí)慣搭配確定答案； (3)用邏輯推理判斷答案； (4)根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)用法確定答案； (5)剖析結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)行對(duì)比推理確定答案。 3.復(fù)讀檢查,消除漏洞。完成所有的空缺后,應(yīng)再次通讀全文,看行文是否連貫,邏輯關(guān)系是否合理。復(fù)檢時(shí),可從語(yǔ)法入手檢查時(shí)態(tài),主謂一致,代詞

4、的性,名詞的數(shù)、格及詞的搭配是否正確。遇到疑點(diǎn),應(yīng)根據(jù)中心思想,從語(yǔ)義、語(yǔ)法上加以判斷。 (xx宜賓中考)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)音標(biāo)、單詞、首字母和語(yǔ)境提示,在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,要求意義準(zhǔn)確、拼寫正確。 In China,you can travel to all corners of this big country by bus or train.It's surprising what China has done in the past ten__1__(year) in terms of train travel—it now has the__2__ (big)

5、 high－speed railway network in __3__ world.The high-speed trains are great,and a __4__/l??/ train journey in China is a great way to see the country. China is a huge,fascinating country with so much to see.A__5__ a student,I love traveling __6__ my parents,from big cities,to seaside hot spots,to ho

6、ly mountains,to national parks,to historical sites and to __7__ /sm??l/villages far away.__8__(get) out of your fortable home here to some unknown places is a good experience as well.And you can eat local food,and __9__(real) reach the heart of the country. I always love traveling outside Yibin to

7、see our__10__(beauty) country—China. 【文章大意】文章講述了現(xiàn)在在中國(guó)乘高鐵旅游很方便和作者喜歡去旅游的一些情況。 1.【解析】考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在過(guò)去的十年,中國(guó)在火車旅行上所做的很讓人驚訝。根據(jù) ten可知用復(fù)數(shù)。 【答案】years 2.【解析】考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。句意：現(xiàn)在它有世界上最高速的火車網(wǎng) 。根據(jù)后面 “world” 可知用最高級(jí)。 【答案】biggest 3.【解析】考查定冠詞。句意：現(xiàn)在它有世界上最高速的火車網(wǎng) 。根據(jù) “in the world” 固定搭配可知答案。 【答案】the 4.【解析】考查形容詞。句意：

8、在中國(guó)乘火車長(zhǎng)途旅游是游覽國(guó)家的好方式。根據(jù)音標(biāo)/l??/和題空后名詞 journey,可知是形容詞“長(zhǎng)的”。 【答案】long 5.【解析】考查介詞。句意：作為一名學(xué)生,我喜歡和父母旅游。根據(jù)句意和首字母可知答案。 【答案】As 6.【解析】考查介詞。句意：作為一名學(xué)生,我喜歡和父母旅游。根據(jù)句意可知是和父母旅游。 【答案】with 7.【解析】考查形容詞。句意：從大城市……到遙遠(yuǎn)的小村莊。根據(jù)音標(biāo) /sm??l/和 villages可知是小的。 【答案】small 8.【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：從你的舒服的家里出來(lái),到不知名的地方去也是一個(gè)很好的體驗(yàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此

9、處缺主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞作句子的主語(yǔ)通常有動(dòng)名詞和不定式兩種形式：動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)通常表示普通的,一般的行為；不定式作主語(yǔ)通常表示某次具體的行為。 【答案】Getting 9.【解析】考查副詞。句意：并且你能吃當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?真正到達(dá)祖國(guó)的腹地。根據(jù)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞這一語(yǔ)法知識(shí)可知答案。 【答案】really 10.【解析】考查形容詞。句意：我總是喜歡去宜賓外旅游,看看我們美麗的國(guó)家——中國(guó)。根據(jù)形容詞修飾名詞可知答案。 【答案】beautiful 實(shí) 戰(zhàn) 演 練 A(xx綿陽(yáng)中考改編) Margaret always 1.__gives__( give) her friends cards o

10、n Christmas Day.She thinks it is a great way to tell each other how much she values their 2.__friendship__(友誼). Last week,Margaret went to several 3.different__ stores looking for special cards for her friends.Margaret likes all the friends equally.She wanted to find a card for each friend that was

11、 personal,and she wanted the cards to also look sort of 4.__the__ same.Margaret spent over an hour looking at cards,but she could not find the cards 5.__which/that__ were right. Margaret had a great idea.She would make cards for each of her friends.But she wasn't sure how to make cards.She remember

12、ed 6.__hearing__(hear) somewhere about Christmas Cards that was made 7.__by__ hand over a hundred years ago.She used the Internet to find out 8.__much__ (許多) about these cards.She made notes for all the materials she would need and went back to the store to get them. Margaret spent several hours w

13、orking on the Christmas cards 9.__carefully__(careful).That night at dinner,Margaret showed her family the cards she had made for her friends.Even her brother thought they were great,and he almost never thinks Margaret's ideas are great.Margaret 10.decided__ to make each of her parents a Christmas

14、card and one for her brother,too. B(xx涼山州中考改編) At the beginning of xx,President Xi Jinping went to visit Liangshan before the Spring Festival.Xi 1.__expressed__(表達(dá)) his greetings for Happy New Year.There were many impressive and touching things 2.during__ his visiting Liangshan. Xi visited Sanh

15、e and Huopu villages,3.__both__ are in Zhaojue county in Liangshan.It's two 4.__hours'__(hour) ride from Xichang to the villages.When he arrived at Sanhe village,he was warmly weled by the villagers.He walked into a family to understand the situation of the family.He said：“I have been caring about Y

16、i people.I'm very glad 5.__to__see__(see) you are living a good life and hope that all the villagers can live a happy life in the future.”Xi and the villagers sat in a circle in the family and chatted like a family.They talked and laughed very happily.He gave them 6.__useful__(有用的)ways to bee rich,h

17、ealthy and happy. News of President Xi's ing 7.soon__ spread throughout the village.All the villagers in national costume rushed to greet warmly to 8.__him__(his).Xi wore charwa to shake 9.__hands__ with the villagers and said goodbye.All the villagers were singing a Yi folk song,“The flowers are w

18、aiting in the mountains.The nice wine is waiting.Dear friend,please stay,stay…” Tears of great 10.__excitement__(激動(dòng)) came to the villagers' eyes as they sang the moving song. C One afternoon,I went into an art museum while waiting for my husband.I hoped to enjoy the works of art quietly. A youn

19、g couple walked in front of me and talked 1.__about__ the paintings between themselves all the time.The lady did almost all the talking,but the man kept listening to her.I thought the man was very patient 2.because__ nobody would like to be bothered(打擾) while enjoying the paintings. I met them seve

20、ral 3.__times__(次) as I moved through the different rooms of the art museum.Each time I heard her talking,I moved 4.__away__ quickly. I was 5.__paying__(pay) for some gifts at the museum shop when the couple walked slowly to the exit(出口).Before they left,the man 6.__took__(take) out a cane(拐杖).Then

21、 he tapped(輕敲) his way to the coatroom to 7.get__ the jacket for his wife. “He is a brave man.”the worker of the shop said.“He decided not to change his life after his eyes got hurt.Though he is 8.__blind__ now,he never gives up.He and his wife e here whenever there is a new art show.” “But what c

22、an he get out of the art？He can't see！”I asked. “You are wrong.He 9.sees__ a lot,more than you and I do.”the worker said,“His wife describes 10.__every/each__(每個(gè)) painting so he can see it in his mind.” I fell silent.Then I realized that I learnt something about patience,courage and love that day.

23、 D Soap is widely used in our lives around the world.Once soap was a dangerous-to-make hair 1.__product__(產(chǎn)品).But it is something that it would be difficult to live without today. Soap is everywhere.We use it every day and 2.consider__ it as something important in our lives.It also has an amazi

24、ng 3.history__.In Babylon around 2800 B.C.,the 4.__earliest__(early)known soap was made and used.Ancient Egyptians also made soap.At one time,soap-making was not 5.__safe__. That's because lye(堿液)6.__brought__(bring) chemical burns or even made people blind in the making process.Other dangerous mat

25、erials were also 7.__mixed__(混合) with animal fats and oils.Later,soap became 8.available__ in stores and people gradually stopped making it in their homes. Originally(最初),soap was not mainly used for 9.__cleaning__(clean).Instead,it was used as gel(凝膠) for making hair stay in place or smell good.Th

26、e Arabs first made the soap that we know today.They created colored,liquid,and hard soaps.They even had soaps which were used for shaving(刮胡子). Soap became people's 10.__favorite__ in the late 1800s.Advertising in Europe and the US helped people understand the connection between cleanliness and good health.Now,soap is something we wouldn't want to live without.