2020年高考英語 語法復(fù)習(xí)高分巧突破 第2部分 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語

《2020年高考英語 語法復(fù)習(xí)高分巧突破 第2部分 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020年高考英語 語法復(fù)習(xí)高分巧突破 第2部分 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語（13頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語 (共3組，每組限時(shí)8分鐘) 1．(2020·廈門第一次適應(yīng)性考試)How everything ________ in your life all depends on how hard you work; there is no such thing as a free meal. A．breaks out　　　　　　　 B．goes out C．turns out D．throws out 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在你生命中，事情結(jié)果如何完全取決于你的努力程度，天下沒有免費(fèi)的午餐。break out“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病等)突然爆發(fā)”；go o

2、ut“外出；熄滅”；turn out“最終結(jié)果是；最終成為”；throw out“扔掉，丟棄”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選C。 2．(2020·皖北協(xié)作區(qū)高三一模)—Do you know his daughter will ________ the project? —Really? I don't know it yet. A．look up to B．get across to C．live up to D．get down to 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“你知道他的女兒將開始做這個(gè)計(jì)劃嗎？”“真的嗎？我還不知道。”get down to“開始做”，符合句意。 3．(2

3、020·大連市一模)As its name ________， the Volunteer Farm relies on volunteers to weed, plant and harvest. A．suggests B．insists C．predicts D．possesses 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：正如它的名字所表明的那樣，志愿者農(nóng)場(chǎng)依靠志愿者來除草、栽種和收獲。這里用suggest“表明”，符合句意。insist“堅(jiān)持”；predict“預(yù)言，預(yù)告”；possess“擁有”。 4．(2020·石家莊高三一模)Overuse of computers wil

4、l ________ to the failure of our eyesight, which is a warning to us all. A．contribute B．turn C．devote D．a(chǎn)djust 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：過度使用計(jì)算機(jī)會(huì)使我們的視力下降，這是對(duì)我們大家的一個(gè)警告。contribute to“促成，造成”，是固定搭配，符合句意。 5．(2020·昆明一模)The landlord wants to ________ the rent by $ 30 a mo

5、nth, which I think is unacceptable. A．make up B．take up C．cut up D．put up 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：那個(gè)房東想把房租每個(gè)月提高30美元，我認(rèn)為這是不能接受的。make up“編造；化妝”；take up“開始從事；拿起”；cut up“切碎”；put up“提高，增加”。根據(jù)句意可知，D項(xiàng)正確。 6．(2020·山西四校聯(lián)考)No matter how much money you possess, it can't __

6、______ a healthy body. A．compare B．suit C．defeat D．match 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：無論你有多少錢，它都比不上一個(gè)健康的身體。match“與……相匹敵，和……不相上下”，符合句意。compare“比較，對(duì)比”；suit“適合”；defeat“打敗，戰(zhàn)勝”。 7．(2020·江西六所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)一模)—Tom has played a lot of computer games recently. —Yes, that might ________ his failure in the mid-term examina

7、tions. A．a(chǎn)ccount for B．a(chǎn)nswer for C．a(chǎn)sk for D．stand for 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“湯姆最近玩太多電腦游戲了。”“是的，這也許是他期中考試失利的原因。”account for“是……的說明(或原因)”，符合句意。 answer for“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)，因……受到譴責(zé)”；ask for“要求，請(qǐng)求”；stand for“代表”。 8．(2020·皖南八校第一次聯(lián)考)—Do you believe that opportunities always ________ the prepared minds? —I co

8、uldn't agree more. A．make B．change C．keep D．favor 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：“你認(rèn)為機(jī)會(huì)總是青睞有準(zhǔn)備的人嗎？”“我非常同意這個(gè)說法。”favor“較喜歡，偏袒”，符合語境。 9．(2020·南平一模)Adopting the doctor's advice, he ________ coffee and cigarettes and ate a balanced diet. A．cut down B．broke down C．turned down D．put down 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句

9、意：他采納了醫(yī)生的建議，少喝咖啡，少抽煙并均衡飲食。cut down“削減”，符合句意。break down“出故障；垮掉”；turn down“拒絕；把……調(diào)低”；put down“寫下，記下”。 10．(2020·銀川部分中學(xué)高三一模)Schools in China are required to ________ at least one “Sports Day” per academic year. A．set aside B．set down C．set out D．set off 解析：選

10、A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：中國的學(xué)校被要求每學(xué)年留出至少一個(gè)“運(yùn)動(dòng)日”。set aside“留出，撥出”；set down“寫下，記下”；set out“動(dòng)身，出發(fā)”；set off“出發(fā)，爆炸”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A。 11．(2020·泰安一模)Don't be so discouraged.If you ________ such feelings, you will do better next time. A．carry on B．get back C．break down D．put away 解析：選D　考

11、查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：不要如此氣餒，如果你拋開這些情緒，下次你會(huì)做得更好。carry on“繼續(xù)”；get back“回來”；break down“出故障”；put away“把……收起來”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D。 12．(2020·哈爾濱四校高三一模)In fact fuels we burn and plant food we eat ________ their chemical energy in the form of heat. A．give in B．give off C．give away D．give up 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：事實(shí)上我們燒的燃料和

12、食用的植物性食物都是以熱量的形式釋放出它們所含有的化學(xué)能。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選give off，表示“放出，發(fā)出”。 13．(2020·福州市高三一模)Our government's plan to fight against air pollution will focus on ________ information and handling PM2.5. A．expressing B．representing C．gathering D．a(chǎn)cknowledging 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們政府同空氣污染作斗爭(zhēng)的計(jì)劃將以收集信息和控制PM2.5 為重點(diǎn)。expr

13、ess“表達(dá)”；represent“代表”；gather“收集”；acknowledge“承認(rèn)；感謝”。根據(jù)句意選C。 14．(2020·長(zhǎng)春市第一次調(diào)研)According to the arrangement, the athletes of our school ________ at the gym for two hours every day. A．work out B．carry out C．take in D．set aside 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：根據(jù)安排，我們學(xué)校的運(yùn)動(dòng)員每天在體育館鍛煉兩個(gè)小時(shí)。work out“鍛煉”，符合句意。c

14、arry out“執(zhí)行，實(shí)施”；take in“理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)”；set aside“留出，撥出”。 15．(2020·安徽省蕪湖三校一模)If you don't take time to review each interview you go on, you're bound to ________ the same mistakes. A．correct B．repeat C．commit D．improve 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：然而，如果不花時(shí)間去回顧你所經(jīng)歷的每次面試，你一定會(huì)再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。repeat“重復(fù)”，符合句意。correct“改正”；commi

15、t“致力于”；improve“改進(jìn)”。 1．(2020·四川省宜賓五校二調(diào))A recent study has ________ an unexpected conclusion that the African elephant should be divided into two different species. A．kept up with B．made up with C．caught up with D．come up with 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：最近的一項(xiàng)研究得出一個(gè)意外結(jié)論，非洲象應(yīng)被分成兩個(gè)不同種類。keep up with“跟上”

16、；make up with“和好”；catch up with“追上”；come up with “提出”。D項(xiàng)符合句意。 2．(2020·南昌二模)Thanks to the great efforts by netizens and the journalists' determination to ________ the truth, anti-corruption has been accelerating. A．take out B．check out C．pick out D．dig out 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：由于網(wǎng)民的極大努力和記者挖掘真相的決

17、心，反腐工作加快了。dig out“找出，發(fā)掘”，符合句意。take out“獲得”；check out“核實(shí)，檢查(是否一切正常)”；pick out“精心挑選”。 3．(2020·遼寧六校高三二模)Those who want to say anything more ________ your hand and then ________ to speak. A．a(chǎn)rise; raise B．raise; rise C．raise; arise D．rise; raise 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。raise是及物動(dòng)詞，此處表示“舉起”；rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，此處表示“站

18、起來，起立”。arise表示“出現(xiàn)”，是不及物動(dòng)詞。故B項(xiàng)正確。 4．(2020·江西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)二模)This picture was taken twenty years ago. I wonder if you can ________ my younger brother. A．find out B．pick out C．look out D．speak out 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這張照片是20年前拍的。我不知道你能否認(rèn)出我弟弟。find out“查明，弄清(情況)”；pick out“辨別出，認(rèn)出來”；look out“當(dāng)心，留神”；speak out“

19、公開地說出來(尤指冒險(xiǎn)，表示抗議)”。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。 5．(2020·江西十所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三二模)Many people headed for the water to ________， including rivers, bays in the seaside of the country. A．put off B．cut off C．pull off D．cool off 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。根據(jù)空格前面的water可知，人們?nèi)ビ兴牡胤經(jīng)隹欤虼薱ool off“變涼，冷卻下來”，符合句意。put off“推遲”；cut off“中斷”；pull off“脫下

20、”。 6．(2020·江西撫州五校二模)It's a headache trying to ________ in a strange, new town. I will just take a taxi and avoid all the trouble. A．settle down B．work out C．get around D．hold out 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：想要在一個(gè)陌生的小鎮(zhèn)各處走動(dòng)是件令人頭痛的事。為了避免麻煩，我會(huì)乘坐出租車。get around“各處走動(dòng)”，符合句意。settle down“定居下來；開始專心于”；work out“解

21、決；算出”；hold out“維持；堅(jiān)守”。 7．(2020·安徽合肥二模)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas in the streets. —Yes. But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution. A．reduce B．remove C．collect D．warn 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析?？仗幩诰渥拥木湟猓旱俏掖_信一些舉措會(huì)被實(shí)施用以減少大氣污染。reduce“縮小，減少”；remove“清除”；collect“收集”；warn“警

22、告，提醒”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A。 8．(2020·石家莊市高三二模)A smile ________ the mother's face when the son walked onto the platform to receive the prize. A．lit up B．brought up C．put up D．took up 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)兒子走上臺(tái)領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，媽媽臉上露出了喜色。light up“喜形于色，喜氣洋洋”；bring up“提出；嘔吐”；put

23、 up“提高；張貼”；take up“占用；開始從事”。故A項(xiàng)正確。 9．(2020·福建南平二檢)—Does he work hard at his lessons? —Yes, he ________ no effort, as far as I know. A．wastes B．shares C．spares D．makes 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：“他學(xué)習(xí)努力嗎？”“是的，據(jù)我所知，他不遺余力地學(xué)習(xí)?！眘pare no effort (to do sth.)“不遺余力(做某事)”，是固定短語。 10．(2020·齊魯名校二模)Though the suspe

24、ct refused to admit that he had stolen the precious diamond at first, he ________ and admitted everything when he was shown the videotape. A．broke off B．broke away C．broke down D．broke into 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：盡管犯罪嫌疑人一開始拒絕承認(rèn)偷了這顆貴重的鉆石，但當(dāng)他看到監(jiān)控錄像時(shí)他精神崩潰并承認(rèn)了一切。根據(jù)句意

25、可知，應(yīng)選break down“(健康、精神) 垮掉”。break off“中止，中斷”；break away“強(qiáng)行逃脫”；break into“闖入”。 11．(2020·成都第二次診斷)As the road to the airport is under reconstruction, we'd better ________ early to avoid the traffic jam. A．pay off B．set off C．put off D．take off 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。pay off“還清”；set off“動(dòng)身，出發(fā)”；put off“推

26、遲”；take off“脫下，起飛”。此處表示早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身以避免堵車，因此選B。 12．(2020·浙江寧波二模)The twin sisters were shopping for hours on Women's Day and managed to ________ bags of bargains. A．come across B．pick up C．deal with D．take in 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在婦女節(jié)這天，那對(duì)雙胞胎姐妹外出購物了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，設(shè)法買到了幾袋子減價(jià)品。come acro

27、ss“偶遇”；pick up“買到”；deal with“處理”；take in“收留，收容”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選B。 13．(2020·山東淄博二模)Maria ________ the interviewers with her knowledge and experience, and as a result she was offered the job. A．provided B．inspired C．persuaded D．impressed 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：瑪麗亞用知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)給面試官們留下了深刻的印象，因此她得到了這份工作。impress sb. w

28、ith sth.“用某物給某人留下深刻的印象”，符合題意。provide“提供”；inspire“鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)”；persuade“說服”。 14．(2020·鄭州二模)A college is going to ________ a student's ability based on grades and then make the decision to admit or refuse an applicant. A．experiment B．parallel C．a(chǎn)ssess D．observe 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：大學(xué)將根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)學(xué)生的能力進(jìn)行評(píng)估，然后決定

29、是否錄取。assess“評(píng)定，評(píng)估，估算”，符合題意。experiment“試驗(yàn)”；parallel“與……相似”；observe“觀察；遵守”。 15．(2020·山東濟(jì)寧二模)The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to ________ your anger. A．put down B．hold back C．keep up D．cut off 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)斗本來可以避免的，如果任何一方能控制住怒火的話。hold back one's anger“抑制住

30、怒火”，符合題意。put down“放下；鎮(zhèn)壓”；keep up“保持，繼續(xù)，使不低落”；cut off“中斷”。 1．Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, but his name ________ me, which made me embarrassed. A．forgot B．missed C．escaped D．reminded 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我昨天偶然碰到我以前的同學(xué)，但是我記不起來他的名字了，這讓我非常尷尬。escape表示“被忘掉”，符合句意。 2．WikiLeaks founder

31、Julian Assange was in court today, and when asked for his address he said he didn't want to ________ that information. A．give out B．keep out C．hold out D．bring out 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：維基解密創(chuàng)始人Julian Assange今天出庭，當(dāng)法官問他住址時(shí)，他回答說，他不想公布這一信息。give out“公布，宣布”符合句意。keep out“阻止進(jìn)入”；hold out“堅(jiān)持”；bring out“出版”

32、。 3．The famous actor keeps fit by ________ for an hour every morning. A．sticking out B．standing out C．making out D．working out 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這個(gè)著名的演員通過每天早上鍛煉一個(gè)小時(shí)來保持健康。stick out“突出”；stand out“顯眼”；make out“理解”；work out“鍛煉身體”。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。 4．Many people are beginning to reflect on why we pay so

33、much to study abroad and what kind of consequences it will ________. A．bring out B．bring down C．bring about D．bring up 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：很多人開始反思，我們付出這么多到國外留學(xué)是為了什么？這又會(huì)帶來什么結(jié)果？bring about“導(dǎo)致，引起”，符合句意。bring out“出版；使顯現(xiàn)”；bring down“降低”；bring up“撫養(yǎng)”。 5．With economy developing at great speed, our ci

34、ty has ________ quite a few changes in recent years. A．witnessed B．a(chǎn)ccumulated C．a(chǎn)risen D．introduced 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，在最近幾年我們的城市已經(jīng)變化了很多。witness“目擊，見證”；accumulate“積聚，積累”；arise“出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生”；introduce“介紹”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A。 6．—Why didn't Mr.Smith arrive on time for the meeting? —He must have been ___

35、_____ on his way here in the traffic jam. A．held up B．put up C．taken up D．given up 解析：選A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。答句意為：他一定是在來這兒的路上因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯R了。hold up“延遲；阻礙”，符合句意。put up“建造；張貼”；take up“從事；占據(jù)”；give up“放棄”。 7．Drinking water, having a healthy diet and taking exercise are all positive ways to ________ you when you

36、 are working on a tight schedule. A．relieve B．refresh C．liberate D．comfort 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)日程安排緊張的時(shí)候，喝水、健康飲食和鍛煉都是恢復(fù)精力的好辦法。relieve“緩解，減輕”；refresh“使恢復(fù)精力，使感覺涼爽”；liberate“使解脫，使解放”；comfort“安慰”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選B。 8．Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal, which they think

37、will________ the worsening of the environment. A．a(chǎn)dapt to B．refer to C．subscribe to D．contribute to 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：大多數(shù)與會(huì)者都不看好這一提議，他們認(rèn)為它會(huì)導(dǎo)致環(huán)境的惡化。contribute to“導(dǎo)致，是……的原因之一”，符合句意。 9．John said he wasn't disappointed at the result of the basketball game, but th

38、e look on his face ________ him ________. A．turned; down B．took; in C．made; out D．gave; away 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：John說他對(duì)籃球比賽的結(jié)果不失望，但是他臉上的表情使他露餡了。turn down“拒絕”；take in“留宿；吸入；包含”；make out“應(yīng)付；弄懂”；give away“泄漏；暴露”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D。 10．New computers are soon out of date since newer models are ________ const

39、antly. A．turned up B．turned out C．turned down D．turned over 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：由于更加新型的電腦不斷地被生產(chǎn)，新電腦很快就會(huì)過時(shí)。turn up“出現(xiàn)”；turn down“拒絕”；turn over“翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)”。turn out為及物動(dòng)詞短語，意為“生產(chǎn)或制造”。newer models與turn out為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。本題易誤選A項(xiàng)，但turn up作“appear(出現(xiàn))”講時(shí)為不及物動(dòng)詞短語，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 11．He will have to find some other w

40、ork, for he can't ________ this loud noise any more. A．come up with B．put up with C．make up with D．keep up with 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他將不得不另外找一份工作，因?yàn)樗僖踩淌懿涣诉@種巨大的噪音了。come up with“想出”；put up with“忍受”；make up with“(與某人)言歸于好”；keep up with“跟上”。根據(jù)句意，選B。 12．A good speaker is supposed to manage to _____

41、___ the listeners what he means. A．make sense to B．a(chǎn)ppeal to C．a(chǎn)ttach to D．get across to 解析：選D　句意：一個(gè)好的演講者應(yīng)該設(shè)法讓聽眾明白他的意思。make sense的主語往往是something，意思是“有意義，有道理，進(jìn)得通”；appeal to相當(dāng)于attract“吸引”；attach to“把……附在/系在……上”；get across to sb.：to be communicated or understood“被傳達(dá)，被理解”。故選D。 13．The two countri

42、es agreed to ________ their differences and work together for peace, which has a positive effect on the international situation. A．set down B．set out C．set aside D．set about 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：兩國同意擱置爭(zhēng)議，共同為和平努力，這對(duì)國際形勢(shì)有積極的影響。set aside“把……放在一邊；留出……”，符合題意。set down “記下，寫下”；set out“出發(fā)，動(dòng)身”；set about“

43、著手做，開始做”。 14．—What attracted you to our university? —You have a great basketball team and I can ________ for it. A．work out B．look out C．try out D．carry out 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“是什么吸引你到我們的大學(xué)？”“你們這里有一支很好的籃球隊(duì)，我可以參加這支隊(duì)伍的選拔賽?！眞ork out“解出，算出”，carry out“執(zhí)行”，以上兩項(xiàng)均不能與介詞for構(gòu)成固定短語；look out for“小心”；try out for“參加……選拔(或試演)”。故選C。 15．Getting your students ________ in classroom activities is vitally important. A．trapped B．devoted C．stuck D．involved 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：使你的學(xué)生參與課堂活動(dòng)極其重要。trap“使陷入困境”；devote“獻(xiàn)身”；stick“(在某物中)卡住”；involve“參與”。根據(jù)句意，選D。