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1、畢業(yè)論文(設計)X-Y數(shù)控工作臺機電系統(tǒng)設計學生姓名學號專業(yè)械設計制造及其自動化班級指導教師學部機電工程學部答辯日期黑龍江東方學院學士學位畢業(yè)論文IX-Y數(shù)控工作臺機電系統(tǒng)設計摘要X-Y數(shù)控工作臺機電系統(tǒng)設計是一個開環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),其結(jié)構(gòu)簡單。實現(xiàn)方便而且能夠保證一定的精度。降低成本,是微機控制技術(shù)的最簡單的應用。它充分的利用了危機的軟件硬件功能以實現(xiàn)對機床的控制;使機床的加工范圍擴大,精度和可靠性進一步得到提高。X-Y數(shù)控工作臺機電系統(tǒng)設計是利用8031單片機,及2764,6264存儲器及8155芯片等硬件組成,在控制系統(tǒng)的硬件上編寫一定的程序以實現(xiàn)一定的加工功能。其基本思想是:通過圓弧或者直線
2、插補程序以實現(xiàn)對零件進行幾何加工,每進行一段加工都要產(chǎn)生一定的脈沖以驅(qū)動電機正反轉(zhuǎn),同時通過8155(1)將相應的加工進刀信息送至刀架庫中以實現(xiàn)以之相應的走刀,電機和刀具的相對運動所以實現(xiàn)了刀具對工件的加工。該控制系統(tǒng)采用軟件中斷控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)及子程序結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,條件明確在經(jīng)濟型數(shù)控中應用較多。中斷結(jié)構(gòu)采用模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)設計因為這種結(jié)構(gòu)便于修改和擴充,編制較為方便,便于向多處理方向發(fā)展。X-Y數(shù)控工作臺機電系統(tǒng)設計采用步進電機作為驅(qū)動裝置。步進電機是一個將脈沖信號轉(zhuǎn)移成角位移的機電式數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換器裝置。其工作原理是:每給一個脈沖便在定子電路中產(chǎn)生一定的空間旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場;由于步進電機通的是三相交流電所以輸入的脈
3、沖數(shù)目及時間間隔不同,轉(zhuǎn)子的旋轉(zhuǎn)快慢及旋轉(zhuǎn)時間的長短也是不同的。由于旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場對放入其中的通電導體既轉(zhuǎn)子切割磁力線時具有力的作用,從實現(xiàn)了旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場的轉(zhuǎn)動迫使轉(zhuǎn)子作相應的轉(zhuǎn)動,所以轉(zhuǎn)子才可以實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)子帶動絲杠作相應的運動。本題目是步進電機,微型計算機,插補原理,匯編語言的綜合應用,本題目設計得到了老師的幫助和支持,最后由董玉紅老師審定,在此表示感謝。本題目由方世龍完成,共分六章,第一章主要設計總體方案設計第二章主要設計了機械系統(tǒng)設計;第三章主要設計了控制系統(tǒng)硬件設計;第四章主要設計控制系統(tǒng)軟件設計;第五章主要是本設計的附錄。因本人水平有限,錯誤和不足之處在所難免,處理問題也有不妥之處,敬請相關(guān)老師批
4、評指正。關(guān)鍵詞:X-Y數(shù)控工作臺;機電系統(tǒng);微型計算機;6264存儲器黑龍江東方學院學士學位畢業(yè)論文X-YNCWorktableMechatronicsSystemDesignAbstractCNCXYtableisamechanicalandelectricalsystemsdesignopen-loopcontrolsystem,itsstructureissimple.Realizationofconvenienceandcanguaranteeacertainaccuracy.Reducecosts,computercontroltechnologyisthemostsimpleapp
5、lication.ItfulluseofthesoftwarehardwarecrisisToachievethefunctionsofthemachinecontrol;toexpandthescopeoftheprocessingmachinetools,precisionandreliabilityhasbeenfurtherimproved.XYNCtableistheuseofmechanicalandelectricalsystemsdesignSCM8031,2764,6264and8155andmemorychipsandotherhardwarecomponents,Inth
6、econtrolsystemofhardwareonthepreparationofcertainproceduresinordertoachieveacertainprocessingfunctions.Thebasicideais:circularorlinearinterpolationprocedurestoachievethegeometryofthepartsforprocessing,everysectionoftheprocessingshouldhaveacertainimpulsetoElectricdrivespositiveand,through8155(1)corre
7、spondingtotheprocessingofinformationsenttotheturretintotheknifeinordertoachievethecorrespondinggototheknife,theelectricalandtooltoachievetherelativemovementofthetoolsotheprocessingoftheworkpiece.Thecontrolsystemusessoftwareinterruptcontrolsystemstructureandsubroutineissimple,clearintheeconomiccondit
8、ionsintheapplicationofNCmore.Disruptionofamodularstructurebecausesuchastructuredesignedtofacilitaterevisionandexpansion,theestablishmentofmoreconvenient,easytohandleandmoredirection.CNCXYtabledesignedbymechanicalandelectricalsystemsasasteppingmotor-drivendevices.Steppermotorisapulsewillbetransferred
9、intoangulardisplacementoftheElectricalandMechanical-DACdevices.Itsworkingprincipleis:eachtoapulseinthestatorcircuitwillhaveacertainspaceinrotatingmagneticfield;becauseofthesteppermotoristhethree-phaseAC-soenterthenumberofpulsesanddifferenttimeintervals,therotationspeedoftherotorandthelengthofrotatio
10、nAredifferent.Astherotatingmagneticfieldintowhichboththerotorcuttingelectricityconductorwhenamagneticlineofforce,toachievearotatingmagneticfieldfromtheforcerotationforthecorrespondingrotorrotation,therotorcanachieverotorleadscrewforthecorrespondingmovement.Thistopicisthesteppermotor,micro-computers,
11、interpolationprinciple,thecomprehensiveapplicationofassemblylanguage,thistopichasbeendesignedwiththehelpofteachersDONGYu-hongandsupport,thefinalauditedbyDONGYu-hongteacher,黑龍江東方學院學士學位畢業(yè)論文expressedthanksforthis.ThissubjectbyFangLongcompleted,isdividedintosixchapters,Chapter1overalldesignofthemaindesi
12、gnChapterIIofthemechanicaldesignsystemdesign;ChapterIIIofthemaindesignofthecontrolsystemhardwaredesign;ChapterIVofthemaincontrolsystemdesignsoftwaredesign;Chapter5isthedesignoftheappendix.Ilevelbecauseofthelimitedmistakesandinadequaciesoftheinevitableanddealwiththeproblemhasitsdrawbacks,pleaserelatedtotheteachercriticizedthecorrection.Keywords:X-YNCWorktable;Mechatronicssystem;micro-computers;6264memory