（菏澤專）中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 專題語法 高效突破 專項1-7課件

《（菏澤專）中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 專題語法 高效突破 專項1-7課件》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（菏澤專）中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 專題語法 高效突破 專項1-7課件（106頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第二部分第二部分 專題語法專題語法 高效突破高效突破專項專項 1 1 名名 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 名詞的數(shù)名詞的數(shù)一、可數(shù)名詞一、可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞所表示的人或事物可以用數(shù)來計算，有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。1 1名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化情況情況構(gòu)成方法構(gòu)成方法讀音讀音例詞例詞一般情況在詞尾加s在清輔音后讀作/s/，在元音及濁輔音后讀作/z/，以/s/，/z/，/d/結(jié)尾時讀作/iz/deskdesks；milemiles以s，x，sh，ch結(jié)尾的詞加es一般讀作/iz/brushbrushes；watchwatches以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的詞把y變?yōu)閕，再加es一般讀作/i

2、z/factoryfactories；familyfamilies以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞一般把f或fe變?yōu)関，再加es一般讀作/vz/wolfwolves；wifewives以o結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞有生命的加es；無生命的加s讀作/z/tomatotomatoes；potatopotatoes；pianopianos；photophotos不規(guī)則變化改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母讀音改變manmen；womanwomen；footfeet單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同讀音不變sheepsheep；deerdeer；ChineseChinese在單詞后加ren/rn/childchildren2.2.某國人變復(fù)數(shù)某國人變復(fù)數(shù)C

3、hinese，Japanese，Swiss單復(fù)數(shù)同形；Englishman，F(xiàn)renchman中man變?yōu)閙en；其余各國人，如：German，American，Indian等均在后面直接加s。可用口訣記憶這一點(diǎn)，即中日不變英法變，其余s加后面。3 3復(fù)合名詞前面的名詞是復(fù)合名詞前面的名詞是manman或或womanwoman，變復(fù)數(shù)時，構(gòu)成復(fù)合名，變復(fù)數(shù)時，構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞的兩個名詞全都要變成復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果是其他詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時，只需詞的兩個名詞全都要變成復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果是其他詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時，只需把后面的名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。把后面的名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：man teachermen teachers；bo

4、y studentboy students。4 4有些名詞只用于復(fù)數(shù)形式有些名詞只用于復(fù)數(shù)形式如：trousers，socks，shoes，gloves，glasses等。5 5有些名詞既是不可數(shù)名詞，又是可數(shù)名詞，但意義有所不同有些名詞既是不可數(shù)名詞，又是可數(shù)名詞，但意義有所不同如：work(工作)a work(一部著作)glass(玻璃)a glass(一個玻璃杯)paper(紙)a paper(一份試卷)room(空間)a room(一個房間)6 6有些名詞雖以有些名詞雖以s s結(jié)尾，但他們不是復(fù)數(shù)結(jié)尾，但他們不是復(fù)數(shù)如：physics(物理)，news(新聞)。2 2不可數(shù)名詞的計量形

5、式不可數(shù)名詞的計量形式基數(shù)詞/不定冠詞量詞of不可數(shù)名詞，但數(shù)詞決定量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：a glass of water一杯水；a piece of news 一則新聞；two pairs of glasses兩副眼鏡；three pieces of advice三條建議。二、不可數(shù)名詞二、不可數(shù)名詞1 1不可數(shù)名詞通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，沒有詞形變化，主要包不可數(shù)名詞通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，沒有詞形變化，主要包括物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞兩種。括物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞兩種。常用的不可數(shù)名詞主要如下表：類別類別例詞例詞飲食water，milk，tea，coffee，oil，juice，wine，rice，bread

6、，corn，wheat，meat，beef，pork自然rain，wind，snow，ice，weather，fire材料metal，wood，gold，plastic，silk，cotton，wool其他time，money，news，homework，knowledge，information，trouble，advice，work 【注意注意】不可數(shù)名詞不能用a或an修飾?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 名詞所有格名詞所有格名詞的所有格是表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系。1一般名詞的所有格，直接在詞尾加s。如：Mr.Motts boot 莫特先生的靴子；childrens clothes孩子們的衣服。2以s結(jié)尾的

7、名詞所有格只在詞尾加。如：teachers books老師們的書。3若是兩人共有的物體，則在第二個名詞后加s；若是兩人分別所有，則在每個名詞后面分別加s。如：Lucy and Lilys room露西和莉莉的房間(指兩人共住一個房間)；Mrs.Greens and Mrs.Browns sons格林夫人和布朗夫人的兒子(指兩人各自的兒子)。4表示某個具體場所時，所有格后面的名詞可省略。如：the doctors(office)醫(yī)生辦公室；Mr.Whites(house)懷特先生的家。5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格，先將其變成名詞復(fù)數(shù)，然后加s。如：Womens Day 婦女節(jié)；Childrens D

8、ay 兒童節(jié)。6有些表示時間、距離、國家、城市等無生命的東西的名詞，也可以加s來構(gòu)成所有格。如：todays newspaper今天的報紙?！就卣雇卣埂?of所有格沒有生命的事物一般用of所有格來表示所屬關(guān)系。如：the wall of the classroom教室的墻；a picture of the bedroom臥室的圖片。2雙重所有格將of結(jié)構(gòu)與s結(jié)構(gòu)或名詞性物主代詞一起使用，則構(gòu)成雙重所有格。如：a friend of his他的一個朋友；the big nose of Toms湯姆的大鼻子?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 名詞詞義辨析名詞詞義辨析1.1.語境辨析語境辨析從菏澤近幾年中考的單項填空

9、和完形填空可以看出，名詞辨析側(cè)重于對語境辨析的考查，同時減少對單復(fù)數(shù)和固定搭配的考查。學(xué)生在做題時，首先要讀懂句意，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息，并分析各個選項的意思，結(jié)合日常生活的常識及語境，即可選出正確答案。如：我們口渴了就需要水(water)，飲料(tea，coffee，juice等)；餓了就需要食物(bread，rice，meat，noodles等)；我們郵寄東西就要去post office等。2 2近義詞辨析近義詞辨析(1)house，family與homehouse指供一家人住的房子，側(cè)重于具體的建筑物。family指由父母、子女所組成的家庭，是集體名詞，既可把它看成單數(shù)名詞(指整體概念)

10、，也可視為復(fù)數(shù)名詞(指家庭成員)。home指一個人出生或居住的地方，是抽象意義上的“家”。(2)job與workjob是可數(shù)名詞，指一項具體的工作，多指“零工”或“短工”；work是不可數(shù)名詞，指“工作，勞動，努力，用功”。(3)problem與question兩個詞都表示“問題”。problem總是與“困難”相聯(lián)系，它可以指社會問題、教學(xué)問題，這種“問題”是“有待解決的”，與其搭配的動詞是solve；question總是與“疑問，質(zhì)問，詢問”相聯(lián)系，這種“問題”是“有待回答的”。八年真題八年真題全練全練 名詞作為菏澤中考的必考點(diǎn)，近幾年側(cè)重考查名詞詞義在語境中的辨析，句子的語境設(shè)置貼近學(xué)生的

11、實際生活。多以單項填空和完形填空的形式考查名詞詞義辨析。2018年對名詞辨析的考查仍會是重點(diǎn)之一。對名詞基礎(chǔ)知識的考查主要集中在名詞的數(shù)、名詞的所有格上。名詞的數(shù)在近幾年的中考中有少量涉及，名詞所有格在近幾年中考中未曾涉及，但仍是重點(diǎn)?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn) 名詞詞義辨析名詞詞義辨析12017菏澤，22We believe One Belt，One Road(一帶一路)will help China improve the _A A_with lots of countries.ArelationshipBsituationCenvironment22015菏澤，23I am new here.I ofte

12、n get lost and cant find my _B_ Aticket Bway Cwallet32014菏澤，3My teacher gave me much _A A_ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.Aadvice Bquestion Csuggestion Dproblem42013菏澤，2If you want to get more information about English learning，please visit our _D_.Acompany Bstore Coffice Dwebs

13、ite52012菏澤，2What do you call your fathers sisters?_C_ AUncles BCousins CAunts DParents62011菏澤，21As young adults，it is our_C_ to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teacher.Awork Bjob Cduty Dtask72010菏澤，21Please pick up the _B_Dont keep it on the floor.Awate

14、r Bpaper Cbooks Dbottles猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1Micky Mouse is one of the most famous _in America _ Asymbol；culture Bsymbol；cultures Csymbols；culture2There are a lot of _ down there but hardly any _ Asheeps；people Bsheep；people Csheep；peoples3Theres little _ left at home.Go and buy some，dear.Adictionaries Boranges

15、 Crice4Here are some _Do you like _？Aoranges；them Borange；it Coranges；theyC CB BC CA A5I paid￥10 for _ this morning.A4 bottle milks B4 bottles of milkC4 bottles of milks6In our school there are fiftyfive Awomen teachers Bwoman teachers Cwomen teacher7_is coming.What can I get for my mother?What abou

16、t a scarf?AWomens Day BWomans Day CWomens Day8Jim，how far is it from your house to the school?Oh，its not far，only about _walk.Aten minutes Bten minute Cten minutesB BA AA AC C9Are you sure this is a photo_，the famous comedy actress?It surprised you，didnt it？But she was once really thin.AJia Ling BJi

17、a Lings Cof Jia Ling10Peter regards Chengdu as his second _ because he has lived here for ten years.Afamily Bhouse Chome11Im going to the supermarket.Let me get you some fruit.OK.Thanks for your_ Aoffer Binformation Cmessage12Why not buy a secondhand flat first if you dont have enough money?Thats a

18、good_ Aquestion Bsuggestion CdecisionC CC CA AB B專項專項 2 2 冠冠 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法 不定冠詞有a和an 兩種形式。a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前，an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前。其基本用法為：1 1不定冠詞不定冠詞a/an a/an 的基本用法的基本用法用法用法例句例句用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，指某一類人、事或物I want to buy an English book.我想買一本英語書。泛指某人或某物A man is waiting for you at the school gat

19、e.一個男人正在學(xué)校門口等你。表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈a girl一個女孩；an hour一個小時用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”a third time再一次，又一次用在重量、長度、時間或單位名詞前，表示“每一”once a week每周一次用于敘述第一次出現(xiàn)的人或物前This is a dictionary.這是一本詞典。用于某些固定短語中a few一些；have a good time玩得高興；have a rest休息一會；take a look看一看；leave a message留口信 2.2.不定冠詞不定冠詞a/an a/an 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別a a用在以輔

20、音音素開頭的單用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前詞前a teacher一位教師；a good student一個好學(xué)生anan用在以元音音素開頭的用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前單詞前an apple一個蘋果；an interesting story一個有趣的故事 【注意注意】判斷一個詞前用a還是an時根據(jù)其讀音，而不是根據(jù)其字母?？梢赃@樣記憶：不見元音不加an；不看字母看發(fā)音?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 定冠詞的用法定冠詞的用法用法用法例句例句用在雙方都知道的人或事物前Give me the pen，please.請把那支鋼筆給我。特指上文已提過的人或事物On the right there was a bed.An

21、d on the bed there was a toy.在右邊有張床，床上有個玩具。用在表示樂器的名詞之前She plays the piano well.她彈鋼琴彈得很好。用于形容詞前，表一類人或事物The young should be polite to the old.年輕人應(yīng)該對老年人有禮貌。用于姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前表示一家人或夫婦The Smiths are going to travel tomorrow.史密斯夫婦(一家人)明天要去旅行。用在序數(shù)詞及形容詞或副詞的最高級之前；副詞最高級前可以省略the first floor第一層；the tallest tree最高的樹用于世界上獨(dú)一

22、無二的東西前，用在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脈等名稱前the Yangtze River長江；the Pacific太平洋；the sun太陽；the world世界用于表示方位的名詞前Shandong lies in the east of China.山東位于中國東部。用于某些固定搭配中all the year round整年；in the end最后；on the whole整個；by the way順便說一下；in the train在火車上；in the sun在陽光下；at the age of 在歲時考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 零冠詞的用法零冠詞的用法 零冠詞是指名詞前面沒有不定冠詞(a，an)、

23、定冠詞(the)，也沒有其他限定詞的現(xiàn)象。具體用法如下：用法用法例句例句在一日三餐、球類運(yùn)動、語言、學(xué)科、棋類、游戲名詞前have breakfast/supper吃早/晚飯；play basketball打籃球在節(jié)日、假期、星期、月份、季節(jié)等名詞前I have been working for this company since October 2011.自從2011年10月以來我一直在這家公司工作。在一些專有名詞前不用冠詞，如國家、省份名、城市名、街道名、公園名、學(xué)校名等London is the capital of England.倫敦是英國的首都。當(dāng)名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞、不

24、定代詞或名詞所有格等修飾時this dictionary這本字典；my son我的兒子在與by連用的交通名稱前by train 乘火車；by bus 乘汽車在某些短語中at work在工作；go to bed睡覺；on duty值日；on foot步行在稱呼語和表示頭銜的名詞前professor Wang 王教授；president Lincoln 林肯總統(tǒng)八年真題八年真題全練全練分析近幾年菏澤中考單項填空對冠詞的考查可以看出，冠詞是菏澤中考的必考點(diǎn)。其主要考查定冠詞和不定冠詞在具體語境中的活用以及習(xí)語和固定搭配的使用上。2018年對定冠詞和不定冠詞的活用以及固定搭配中零冠詞的使用仍是考查重點(diǎn)

25、。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 不定冠詞不定冠詞a/aa/an n1.2017菏澤，21Have you seen_B B_TV play called In the name of people?Yes，its quite _excellent play!Aa；theBthe；anC/；an22015菏澤，21Jane is _A A_ 16yearold high school student in _ United States.Aa；theBthe；a Ca；/32013菏澤，1Does Heze have A A airport?No，but we can take _ bus to Jinan

26、or Zhengzhou.Aan；the Ban；a Cthe；a Da；a42012菏澤，1My host family is taking me to _A A_ English film festival next weekend.Aan Ba Cthe D不填考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 定冠詞定冠詞thethe5.2014菏澤，1Doing lots of listening practice is one of _B_B_ best ways of becoming_ good language learner.Athe；the Bthe；a C不填；a Dthe；不填62010菏澤，22May

27、 I have a look at _C_C_ book tonight?Of course，you can.I have _ old one at home.Athe；a Ba；the Cthe；an Dthe；the考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 零冠詞的用法零冠詞的用法7.2016菏澤，21Did you have A A good time yesterday?Yeah，I really had _ fun at the party!Aa；/Ba；theC/；the82011菏澤，22On April 12，1961，_C_C_27yearold Yuri Gagarin(尤里加加林)became t

28、he first human to go into_ space.Athe；不填 Bthe；the Ca；不填 Da；the猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1Does your father go to work by_car every day?No，he sometimes takes _bus.Aa；theBthe；aC不填；a2Some small shops in Britain usually close for _ hour at _lunchtime.Aan；the Ba；/Can；/3My cousin went abroad at_age of eighteen.Aa Ban Cthe4U

29、ncle is coming by_train tomorrow.Lets go to _ railway station to meet him.Aa；the B/；a C/；theC CC CC CC C5We usually have three meals day.We have _ breakfast at eight in the morning every day.Aa；the Ba；a Ca；/6Will you stay for _supper with us?Sure，Id love to.Home cooking is just what I like.Aan Bthe

30、C/7Whats your dream job，Lucy?I want to be _ doctor.Aa Ban Cthe8David is _ eightyearold boy with short black hair.A/Ba CanC CC CA AC C9David is _ singer.He thinks it is _interesting job.Aa；the Bthe；an Ca；an10Peter is _ honest man so people in our village all believe him.Aa Ban Cthe11In my opinion，who

31、 you are is more important than _way you look.Aa B/Cthe12Did you solve _ problem you were discussing at the meeting?No，we didnt.It was _ difficult problem we had ever met.Athe；the Ba；a Cthe；aC CB BC CC C專項專項 3 3 代代 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 人稱代詞、物主代詞人稱代詞、物主代詞各人稱的不同代詞形式各人稱的不同代詞形式 人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格 形容詞性名詞性 第一人

32、稱單數(shù)Ime mymine復(fù)數(shù)weusourours第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryours復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryours第三人稱單數(shù)he himhishissheherherhersitititsits復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirs 1.1.人稱代詞的用法人稱代詞的用法類別類別作用作用例句例句主格作主語，用在動詞之前，表示誰怎么了，干什么了We have never been there.我們從未去過那兒。賓格 作賓語，用在動詞或介詞后，表示動作行為的對象 Can you look after her while Im away？我不在時，你能照看一下她嗎？(介詞之后)Le

33、ts go and find him.讓我們?nèi)フ宜?動詞之后)作表語，用在系動詞之后 Who is the boy in the photo？照片中的男孩是誰？Its me.是我。2.2.物主代詞的用法物主代詞的用法類別類別作用作用例句例句形容詞性物主代詞作定語Its my best friend.這是我最好的朋友。名詞性物主代詞作主語This isnt your pen.Yours is on the table.這不是你的鋼筆。你的在桌子上。作賓語I cant find my pen.Can I use yours？我找不到我的鋼筆了。我能用你的嗎？作表語This computer is

34、 hers.這個電腦是她的。與of連用作定語The red skirt of hers is very beautiful.她的那條紅色裙子非常漂亮?！咀⒁庾⒁狻啃稳菰~性物主代詞不能單獨(dú)使用，用于名詞前作定語，相當(dāng)于形容詞。名詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞名詞。具有名詞的特征，后面不帶名詞，須單獨(dú)使用。如：This new watch is hers.This is her new watch.這個新手表是她的。物主代詞前后不能有this，that，some，a，an，the 等詞修飾。當(dāng)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，形容詞性物主代詞可與own連用，意為“某人自己的”。如：my own room我自己的房間?？键c(diǎn)

35、考點(diǎn)2 2 反身代詞反身代詞 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myselfourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱himself themselves herselfitself 反身代詞的用法：反身代詞的用法：用法用法位置位置例句例句作賓語動詞或介詞之后He can take care of himself.他能照顧他自己。作表語系動詞之后The poor boy in the story was myself.故事中的那個可憐的男孩是我自己。作同位語名詞或代詞之后或句末I myself did it.I did it myself.我自己做的?！咀⒁庾⒁狻糠瓷泶~的常見固定搭

36、配。如：help oneself隨便吃；enjoy oneself 玩得愉快；teach oneself 自學(xué)；by oneself 單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地；dress oneself自己穿衣服?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 不定代詞不定代詞1.1.普通不定代詞普通不定代詞普通不定代詞有：some，any，no，few，little，none，many，much，either，neither，one，each，another，both，all，other?！颈嫖霰嫖觥縝oth/either/neither/none/no one與all代詞代詞意義及用法意義及用法例句例句both“兩者都”，作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

37、Toms parents are both teachers.湯姆的父母都是老師。either“(兩者中)任何一個”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Either of the books is interesting.兩本書中的任何一本都有趣。neither“(兩者)都不”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Neither of his friends has come yet.他的兩個朋友都還沒到。none“(三個或三個以上中)沒有一個”，常接of短語None of them has/have been to American.他們都沒有去過美國。no one只指人，一般不與of連用，作主語時，謂語動詞一般

38、用單數(shù)形式No one is here.沒有人在這兒。all“(三者或三者以上)都”，作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)All of us are students.我們都是學(xué)生。不定代詞中的指代數(shù)量：不定代詞中的指代數(shù)量：詞義詞義指兩者指兩者指三者或以上指三者或以上每一個eachevery任何一個eitherany另一個the otheranother都bothall都不neithernone 2.2.復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞表人表人somebodyanybodyeverybodynobodysomeoneanyoneeveryoneno one表物表物somethinganythingeveryth

39、ingnothing復(fù)合不定代詞的用法：復(fù)合不定代詞的用法：(1)復(fù)合不定代詞只能作主語、賓語和表語，不能作定語。作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。(2)復(fù)合不定代詞被形容詞或else修飾時，形容詞或else需后置。(3)由some構(gòu)成的不定代詞往往用于肯定句中；而由any構(gòu)成的不定代詞則往往用于否定句或疑問句中。由some構(gòu)成的不定代詞有時也可用于疑問句中，用來表明特殊用意?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 指示代詞指示代詞代詞代詞用法用法例句例句it特指上下文提到的對象是同一事物The book is mine.Its very interesting.這本書是我的，它很有意思。one泛指上下文提及的同類事物

40、中的一個，同類而不同一Who has a novel named Tiny Times？誰有本名叫小時代的小說？I have one.我有一本。that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.北京的天氣比上海冷。this常用來指代離自己較近的人或物This is my friend.這是我朋友?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5 5 疑問代詞疑問代詞 疑問代詞是用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句的代詞，一般放在句首，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或定語。代詞代詞意義意義基本用法基本用法例句例句who誰對人稱代詞主格進(jìn)行

41、提問Who are you waiting for？你正在等誰？My friends.我的朋友們。whom誰對人稱代詞賓格進(jìn)行提問With whom did you go swimming？你和誰去游的泳？I went swimming with my brother.我和哥哥去游的泳。whose誰的對物主代詞進(jìn)行提問Whose pen is this？這是誰的鋼筆？This is Lucys.這是露西的。what什么對“物”提問What vegetable do you like best？你最喜歡什么蔬菜？I like tomatoes best.我最喜歡西紅柿。which哪一個對指定范圍

42、內(nèi)的“哪個”進(jìn)行提問Which movie do you like best？你最喜歡哪部電影？【注意注意】which“哪一個”，指在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物，而what沒有一定的范圍限制。如：Which do you like，spring or summer？春天和夏天，你喜歡哪一個？What would you like？你喜歡什么？八年真題八年真題全練全練 代詞是菏澤中考的必考點(diǎn)。常以單項填空或完形填空的形式考查物主代詞、人稱代詞、不定代詞的辨析。反身代詞在近幾年中考中并未涉及，但仍是考查重點(diǎn)。預(yù)計2018年中考的單項填空和完形填空中會考查一道代詞辨析題?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 人稱代詞、物主代

43、詞人稱代詞、物主代詞12017菏澤，23After talking happily with my new friend，I gave her my WeChat number and she gave me_B B_AherBhersCherself考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 不定代詞不定代詞22015菏澤，29Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing?_C_C_！He learned singing by himself.AEverybodyBSomebodyCNobody32014菏澤，9Which of the two pairs of shoes will you take?I

44、ll take _D_D_They are too small for me.Aboth Ball Ceither Dneither42013菏澤，7Dont be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again，will you?No，I wont.I know that _A_A_ of us are perfect after all.Anone Bneither Ceach Dall52011菏澤，26_D_D_of the two storybooks are very interesting，so I cant decide wh

45、ich one to choose.AAll BAny CEither DBoth考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 指示代詞指示代詞62015菏澤，22When we got to the park yesterday，_B_B_ started raining.AthatBitCthis72014菏澤，2We decide to make_C_C_ a rule for us roommates to turn off the lights at 10：30 pm.Athat Bthis Cit Done82012菏澤，5Do you need a new dictionary，Susan?No，Mum.My

46、 uncle bought me _A_A_ yesterday.AoneBitCthe oneDanother考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5 5 疑問代詞疑問代詞92016菏澤，23_B_B_ teachers will you miss the most after junior high school，Lisa?Ms.Lee and Mr.Hunt.AWhose BWhich CWhat猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1Dave，where is Mr.Black?I saw _in the classroom ten minutes ago.Ahe Bhim Cshe2Is your iPad black，Jenny?N

47、o，it isnt._ is white.AYours BMine CHers3If we just think about _，the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime.Amyself Bhimself Courselves4Huang Wei rides a bike very well.Who taught him?No one.He taught _Ahim Bhis Chimself5Therere four bedrooms in the house，_with its own shower.Thats what I wan

48、t.Ive got a few kids.Aeither Bneither CeachB BB BC CC CC C6Is there _beef in the fridge?No，there isnt.There is _pork.Asome；any Bany；any Cany；some7I cant find my ticket.I think I have lost _.Ait Bone Cthis8The population of China is larger than _of India.Yes，but Indias population is increasing rapidl

49、y.Ait Bthis Cthat9_is very dangerous to swim alone in the river.AIt BThis CThat10_Tshirt is this?I think its Toms.AWhose BWhich CWhatC CA AC CA AA A專項專項 4 4 介介 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 表時間介詞的辨析表時間介詞的辨析1.at1.at表示具體的時間點(diǎn)。如：at six oclock在六點(diǎn)；at half past four在四點(diǎn)半。at 還常用在一些固定短語中。如：at New Year 在新年；at the age

50、of 在歲時；at the end of 在最后；at first 起初。2 2inin(1)表示時間：與年、月、日、周、季節(jié)、早晨、下午或晚上等名詞連用。如：in 2016 在2016年；in September 在九月份；in the morning 在上午。(2)“in時間段”表示將來“(時間)以后”。3 3onon表示具體某日或某日的上午、下午或晚上。如：on Sunday在星期天；on March 2nd在三月二號；on Tuesday afternoon在星期二下午；on a hot morning在一個炎熱的早晨。4 4beforebefore，afterafterbefore“

51、在之前”；after“在之后”，常用于時間點(diǎn)前。5 5sincesince，forfor(1)since后跟時間點(diǎn)，指從某時延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。(2)for后跟時間段，強(qiáng)調(diào)某動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多長時間，可與過去、現(xiàn)在、將來等多種時態(tài)連用，謂語動詞只能用延續(xù)性動詞?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 表地點(diǎn)介詞的辨析表地點(diǎn)介詞的辨析1.at1.at，inin與與ononat較小地點(diǎn)；in較大地點(diǎn)。如：at the bus stop在公共汽車站。on表示“在上面”，表示和物體表面相接觸。2 2in front ofin front of，behindbehind，in the front ofin the

52、 front of與與at the at the back ofback of表示表示“前后前后”in front of常指位置“在的前面/正面”，其反義詞為behind“在后面”。in the front of也指位置，“在前部”，指一物體在另一物體的內(nèi)部的前方。其反義詞為at the back of“在后面”。3 3inin，insideinside，outsideoutside，intointo與與out ofout of表示表示“里外里外”in“在內(nèi)部”。inside“在里面/到里面”，反義詞為outside“在外面”。into“到內(nèi)”，反義詞為out of“在外”。4 4overov

53、er，underunder，aboveabove與與below below 表示表示“上下上下”over表示兩者不接觸，兩者是垂直關(guān)系，表示“在正上方”，其反義詞為under。above 表示兩者不接觸，不一定垂直，表示“在的上方”，其反義詞為below?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 方式、手段或工具介詞的辨析和用法方式、手段或工具介詞的辨析和用法介詞介詞用法用法例句例句byby表示交通工具的名詞He goes to school by bike.他騎自行車去上學(xué)。byv.ing 表示“通過方式”He learns English by listening to the radio.他通過聽收音機(jī)學(xué)英語。i

54、nin語言類名詞或工具的具體類型Please speak it in English.請用英語說。Dont write it in pencil.不要用鉛筆寫。on表示用收音機(jī)、電視等He is listening to music on the radio.他正在用收音機(jī)聽音樂。with表示用某種工具、身體的某一部位或器官；表示伴隨Cut the bag with the knife.用刀子割開這個包。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 介詞固定搭配介詞固定搭配1.1.介詞名詞介詞名詞at night 在夜里；at school 在學(xué)校；on time 按時；on foot 步行。2 2形容詞介詞形容詞介詞be

55、 late for 遲到；be afraid of 害怕；be good for 對有好處；be famous for 因而出名；be different from 與不同。3 3動詞介詞動詞介詞ask for 要求；leave for 動身去；send for 派人去找；pay for 付錢；wait for 等待；agree with 同意?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5 5 其他介詞辨析其他介詞辨析1.besides1.besides和和exceptexceptbesides“除之外，還有”，包括后面所提到的人或物。except“除了之外”，不包括后面所提的人或物在內(nèi)。2 2includingincludi

56、ng和和includedincludedincluding意為“包括”，用于列舉的事物前。如：The band played many songs，including some of my favorites.這個樂隊演奏了很多的歌，包括我最喜歡的一些歌。included意為“包含，包括”，常置于被修飾詞之后。如：We all went，me included.我們都去了，連我在內(nèi)。八年真題八年真題全練全練 介詞是菏澤中考中單項填空的必考點(diǎn)，主要考查常用介詞的基本用法(表示時間、方位、方式等)和一些常用介詞的固定搭配。完形填空中也涉及介詞或介詞短語的辨析。對介詞其他方面的考查，體現(xiàn)在易混介詞的

57、辨析。完形填空中也可能會涉及介詞辨析。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 時間介詞時間介詞12014菏澤，6It is believed that _A_A_ December 21st，1891，the first basketball game in history was played.Aon Bin Cat Dby考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 方式、手段方式、手段等等介詞介詞22012菏澤，4What does your new English teacher look like?She is a pretty lady _C_C_ long hair.Aat Bfor Cwith Dof考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 介詞和固定搭配

58、介詞和固定搭配32016菏澤，22Please email me B B sdshzs666 if you have any questions.AonBatCto42015菏澤，26_A_A_ the No.48 bus driver，all the passengers were saved.The driver managed to stop the bus before he died.AThanks toBAccording toCAs for52011菏澤，24Sometimes most of us probably are angry_B_B_our friends，paren

59、ts or teachers.Ato Bwith Cat Dfor考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5 5 其他介詞辨析其他介詞辨析62013菏澤，5Most of the kids in our school enjoy pop songs，_B_ some hit songs on the Internet like Gangnam Style.Abesides BincludingCexcept Dwithout猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1Hurry up!The movie will begin _10 minutes.AatBinCfor2The accident happened _ a cold winter ea

60、rly morning.Ain Bat Con3We have been in China _three years.We like it very much.Ain Bfor Csince4For many Western people，they drink cold water even _winter.Aon Bfor Cin5I often go to the bookstore _ Quancheng Road although its crowed.Aon Bfor CfromB BC CB BC CA A6You see，Kevin is writing _ his left h

61、and.Ain Bby Cwith7Could you please give me a hand？I cant complete the task on time _ your help.Awithout Bunder Cwith8His opinions are similar_yours but different _Julias.Ato；from Bfrom；to Cas；with9Could you tell me the way _the railway station?Go along this road and soon youll find it.Aat Bto Cin10A

62、lice，would you like to go hiking with us?What a pity!I am free everyday_ today.Afor Bexcept CbesidesC CA AA AB BB B專項專項 5 5 連連 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 并列連詞并列連詞 表示平行或承接關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有and，neither.nor.，not only.but(also).，both.and.，as well as等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有but，yet，while，however；表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有or，either.or.，no

63、t.but.等；表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有for，so，therefore等。1.1.常見并列連詞常見并列連詞單詞單詞意義和用法意義和用法例句例句and“和”，表并列或順承關(guān)系John，work hard and you will make much progress.約翰，努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會取得更多的進(jìn)步。but“但是”，表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系Id love to，but Im afraid I have no time.我愿意去，但是恐怕我沒有時間。or“或者，否則”，表選擇關(guān)系Hurry up，or youll miss the plane.快點(diǎn)，否則你就趕不上飛機(jī)了。for/so“因為/所以”，表

64、因果關(guān)系The dress was very expensive，so I didnt buy it.那件連衣裙太貴了，所以我沒有買。2.2.復(fù)合并列連詞復(fù)合并列連詞并列連詞短語并列連詞短語意義意義例句例句neither.nor.兩者都不Neither he nor his children like fish.他和他的孩子們都不喜歡魚。either.or.或者或者Either you or he is wrong.不是你錯了，就是他錯了。not only.but also.不但而且Not only you but also he wants to buy the book.不但你而且他都想買

65、這本書。both.and.兩者都Both she and I are good at English.我和她都擅長英語?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 從屬連詞從屬連詞1.1.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞(1)that引導(dǎo)由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變成的賓語從句，在口語或非正式用語中可省略that。(2)if，whether引導(dǎo)由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變成的賓語從句，一般可互換。以下情況只能用whether：賓語從句在介詞后時；后跟動詞不定式時；句中含有or not時；用if發(fā)生歧義時。(3)引導(dǎo)由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)變成的賓語從句，常用 who，whom，which，whose，what，when，where，why，how，wha

66、tever，whoever等。2 2引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞 (1)引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的連詞：連詞連詞詞義詞義例句例句when當(dāng)時It was raining when she arrived at the station.她到達(dá)車站時，正在下雨。while正當(dāng)時Dont make any noise while others are reading.別人讀書時不要制造噪音。until/till(not.until)直到為止I will wait till/until he arrives.我會一直等到他來。直到才He didnt appear until the meeting had begun.直到會議開始他才出現(xiàn)。sincesince自從自從He has lived here since 2000.He has lived here since 2000.自從自從20002000年他就一直住在這兒。年他就一直住在這兒。as soon as一就Ill visit you as soon as I come back.我一回來就去拜訪你。before在之前Please t