虛擬語氣教案 (2)

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1、一、 教案背景 1，面向?qū)W生：中學(xué) 2，學(xué)科：英語 2，課時(shí)：2 此為第一課時(shí)內(nèi)容 3，學(xué)生課前準(zhǔn)備： 一、找出Reading部分出現(xiàn)的虛擬語氣的句子 二、 預(yù)習(xí)虛擬語氣的講解 三、 預(yù)習(xí)后，做課本的鞏固練習(xí) 教學(xué)課題 譯林版牛津高中英語Module 6 Unit 3 Grammar and usage Unreal conditionals 二、 教材分析 在這之前的學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)生曾多次接觸過虛擬語氣的虛擬條件句。本課主要是讓學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)何時(shí)使用虛擬條件句以及怎樣正確的使用虛擬條件句來表達(dá)。學(xué)生要在課堂上完成書上的配套練習(xí)以及課后的鞏固練習(xí)。在本課

2、學(xué)生將要學(xué)習(xí)虛擬條件句用來表達(dá)一種非真實(shí)的條件或情況，或是一種設(shè)想。學(xué)生要掌握虛擬條件句的句式以及不同的時(shí)態(tài)。 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 教學(xué)方面： 1、知道什么是虛擬語氣，什么時(shí)候使用虛擬語氣 2、 熟知虛擬語氣的句子結(jié)構(gòu) 3、 知道虛擬語氣的倒裝形式。 4、 能熟練使用虛擬語氣的條件句造句。 能力方面： 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的想象能力、思維能力。 情感方面： 1、激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)英語的熱愛。 教學(xué)重點(diǎn) 1. 虛擬條件句的句式 ? If clauses Main sentences Present If… was/were/did…, …would/should/could/might

3、do… Past If… had been/done.., …would/should/could/might have done… future If… was/were/did…, If…were to do…, If… should do…, …would/should/could/might do… 2. 省略形式的倒裝 教學(xué)難點(diǎn) 1. 這種假設(shè)的思維方式 2. 正確選擇虛擬條件句的句式 三、 教學(xué)方法 本課采用直觀教學(xué)法，互動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)法。在呈現(xiàn)中充分利用多媒體，運(yùn)用任務(wù)型教學(xué)，自然導(dǎo)入，層層遞進(jìn)，讓學(xué)生充分掌握知識(shí)。講解中圍繞虛擬條件句的句式展開，重點(diǎn)突出。

4、 四、 教學(xué)過程 I 導(dǎo)入 1. Teacher and students greet each other. 2.課件展示如下一個(gè)對(duì)話，讓學(xué)生表演并分析對(duì)話的含義。 A ----Why were you absent from school yesterday? B ----Because I was ill. If I had not been ill yesterday, I would not have been absent. A ----Will you join us playing basketball now? B ----Sorry, I can

5、’t. I am busy studying now. If I weren’t busy now, I would join you. A ----What about tomorrow? B ----I hope I can. If I were to be free tomorrow, I would join you playing basketball. 設(shè)計(jì)意圖：以對(duì)話的形式展示，有助于學(xué)生理解。而且讓學(xué)生表演可以調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性。 II. 呈現(xiàn)新的知識(shí) 1. 教師總結(jié)這就是虛擬語氣中的虛擬條件句，并介紹何時(shí)使用。 在表示假設(shè)的、與事實(shí)相反的或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的情況時(shí)用虛擬語氣

6、。表示主觀愿望或某種強(qiáng)烈情感時(shí)，也用虛擬語氣。即當(dāng)一個(gè)人說話時(shí)欲強(qiáng)調(diào)其所說的話是基于自己的主觀想法，愿望，假想，猜測(cè)，懷疑或建議，而不是根據(jù)客觀實(shí)際，就用虛擬語氣。 展示下面的句子 If you were at home now, you would help your parents. If you had been in Korea with me last year, you would have attended a wedding ceremony. 問學(xué)生下面的問題： Was it possible for ‘you’ to be at home now? (No, it

7、 isn’t.) Was it possible for ‘you’ to be in Korea last year? So these things are unreal. When we talk about some condition or situation that is not real or just imaginary, we use special verb forms. These are called unreal conditionals. 讓學(xué)生做下面的練習(xí) 1. If life had not been so hard for me as a child

8、, I would not have started working at such a young age. 2. If I had had the chance to go to college, I would have studied really hard. 3. To keep fit, I do t’ai chi every morning in the park by my house. 4. If I were young like you, I would find time to exercise. 5. You can go running if y

9、ou want to do a sport that costs almost nothing. 6. If I were taller, I would be better at basketball. 7. If you like football, I can recommend a good coach for you. 8. Even if I am very busy, I still find time to exercise. 9. If you spent more time exercising, you would have a lot more energy.

10、 10. I am going swimming of Friday. If you want to join me, just call me before 3 p.m. 設(shè)計(jì)意圖：讓學(xué)生明白什么是虛擬條件句，并能夠區(qū)分虛擬條件句和真實(shí)條件句。 2.呈現(xiàn) 讓學(xué)生看一下書上的前三點(diǎn)，讓學(xué)生逐條閱讀，并分析每一句的時(shí)態(tài)。 I) Have students read the first three points on page 40. While reading, students should find out in what cases the unreal condition

11、als are used. Have them pay attention to the tenses used in the examples under the three points. 1. We use unreal conditionals to state an imaginary present condition. You probably wouldn’t get much sleep if you lived near where a wedding reception was being held. I could reach the book if I we

12、re a bit taller. If I had the chance, I might want to be a business consultant. 2. We also use unreal conditionals to refer to an imaginary past action. If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about! If the man had pointed with his first finger

13、when he was in Brunei, everyone would have thought that he was very rude. 3. We use unreal future conditionals to talk about an imaginary future situation. If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you. 設(shè)計(jì)意圖：由學(xué)生自己來分析，有助于學(xué)生理解和記憶。 II)1.讓學(xué)生自己列出每個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的格式，與書上第四點(diǎn)所列的格式對(duì)比。 ? If clauses Main sente

14、nces Present If… was/were/did…, …would/should/could/might do… Past If… had been/done.., …would/should/could/might have done… future If… was/were/did…, …would/should/could/might do… 2.讓學(xué)生做更多的句子，練習(xí)句子格式。 3.讓學(xué)生反復(fù)背誦句式，并互相檢查。 4. 讓學(xué)生觀察所有句式的相同點(diǎn)，句式中都含有 would/could/might，分析它們的區(qū)別。并給出例句。 Would, c

15、ould and might are often interchangeable, but with some difference in meaning. would → intention; plan could → ability; possibility might →possibility If I were free now, I could help you. This means if I am not busy, I am able to help you. If I were free now, I would help you. This means if

16、I am not busy, I am going to help you. If I were free now, I could help you. This means if I am not busy, I maybe help you. 設(shè)計(jì)意圖：由學(xué)生親自做，更有利于學(xué)生的理解和記憶。以句式為中心，可以讓學(xué)生清楚這節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)。 練習(xí) If he _____ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow c 做課

17、本P40的練習(xí) 設(shè)計(jì)意圖：及時(shí)鞏固。課本的練習(xí)是一個(gè)對(duì)話，能夠給學(xué)生提供一個(gè)很好地語言環(huán)境，可以很好的幫助學(xué)生理解和鞏固。 III) 關(guān)于虛擬語氣的細(xì)節(jié)。 1. 關(guān)注句式，讓學(xué)生注意系動(dòng)詞be. ? If clauses Main sentences Present If… was/were/did…, …would/should/could/might do… Past If… had been/done.., …would/should/could/might have done… future If… was/were/did…, …would/shou

18、ld/could/might do… 解釋原因： In written English or in formal situations, we usually use were in if clauses in place of was. However, in everyday conversation, was is often used. 1) If he was/were here, he might be able to help us. 2．觀察句式有什么特別 A 這里邊哪兩個(gè)句式是相似的？ B 如何判斷虛擬的時(shí)間呢？如果不容易判斷，有沒有更好的方式 Do we us

19、e the same sentence structure when we use unreal conditionals? We use the same form; Do we always use the same form? What other forms? What are they? Have students read the following sentences: If I were to fail my Maths test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term. If he should

20、 come tomorrow, I could talk to him about it. (讓學(xué)生補(bǔ)充虛擬條件句的句式) future If… was/were/did/were to do/should do…, …would/should/could/might do This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might B 設(shè)計(jì)

21、意圖：引發(fā)學(xué)生的思考，并添加虛擬條件句的句式 3)讓學(xué)生思考下面的問題。 If we omit if , how do we deal with the sentence? 讓學(xué)生看下面的句子 Should you make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed. Were you to take the train, you would get there much sooner. Had you told me earlier, I would not have got into trouble. (Have student

22、s read Point 3; have them find out what can be put at the beginning of the sentence. They should learn that only should, were or had can be used in inversion. Have them say the sentences in Point 3 in their normal order and compare the differences between the two types of sentences.) 讓學(xué)生比較正常語序和倒裝。

23、 Normal order: If you should make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed. If you were to take the train, you would get there much sooner. Do the exercise: 1)_____it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. Were B. should C. would D. wi

24、ll 2)____ she ____ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today. A. Hadn’t; left B. Had; not left C. If; didn’t leave D. Didn’t; leave 3)Were I to do it, I ________ it some other way. A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. were to do 4)I didn’t know his teleph

25、one number. ____ it, I ____ then. A. Had I known; would ring him up B. Should I know; would have rung him up C. If I knew; would ring him up D. Had I known; would have rung him up BB BD 改錯(cuò)題correct the following sentences. If you should come tomorrow, should you come earlier. Should you

26、→ you should Hadn’t you told me earlier, I would have got into trouble. Hadn’t you → had you not Stayed I at home, I would be happier now. stayed I → If I stayed 設(shè)計(jì)意圖：鞏固所學(xué)知識(shí)，尤其是倒裝部分，學(xué)生要明白在省略if 的條件狀語從句中，有且只有were, had, should 這三個(gè)詞放在主語前面。 III. Consolidation. I. To fill the blank with th

27、e word in the bracket. Change the form if necessary. 1. If you ______________ (work) hard then, you would not have lost your job. 2. If you ______________ (be) here, you would see the famous star. 3. if you ______________(stay) in Beijing during the National Day, you would have had a wonderful ti

28、me. 4. _______ I _______ (fail) my driving test, I would take it again next month. 5. You ______________(not make )such a serious mistake if you had followed my advice. 6. If I ______________ (be) ten years younger, I ______________ (start) all over again. Had worked; were;had stayed; were,to fa

29、il; would not have make; were, would start Choose the right answer. 1. ----Mike, it’s a pity you didn’t come to last night’s concert. It was really great. ---Really? If I _______ so busy, I would have gone with. A. hadn’t been B. weren’t C. shouldn’t be D. wouldn’t be 2. _______ fired, your

30、 health2 care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 3. What would have happened _______, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk father C. had Bob walked farther D

31、. if Bob walked father 4. _______ your advice, I would have had no trouble with my papers. A. Had I followed B. If I followed C. If I have followed D. once I followed 5. What would you do if the war _______? A. would break out B. were to brea

32、k out C. will break out D. is broken out 6. Should the weather be good tomorrow, we _______ climbing. A. had gone B. could have gone C. would go D. went 7. ---Jack, it’s a pity you didn’t come to the opening ceremony of the 16th Asian Games. It was really great! ----Really? If I _______ busy, I

33、 would have gone. A. hadn’t been B. weren’t C. Shouldn’t be D. wouldn’t be 8. ---If you _______ to my birthday party last Saturday, you would have met our old friend Jim. ----Oh, what a pity.

34、 A.. came B. had come C. would come D. would have dome 9. _______ for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam. A. Had it not been B. Hadn’t it been C

35、.. Was it not D. Were it not 10. _______him not to do so, he wouldn’t have make such a serious mistake. A. Did I persuade B. If persuade C. If I should persuade D. Had I [persuaded A B C A B C A B A D Homework 1. Take note of the unreal conditionals. 2. Finish the exercise in the consolida

36、tion part. 設(shè)計(jì)意圖：讓學(xué)生鞏固理論知識(shí)，同時(shí)在實(shí)踐中加以檢驗(yàn)。 教學(xué)過程： 一、 朗讀對(duì)話 二、 閱讀并總結(jié)知識(shí)以及練習(xí)。 三、閱讀并總結(jié)知識(shí)以及練習(xí) 四、 鞏固練習(xí)。 五、 布置作業(yè) 教學(xué)總結(jié)： 本課圍繞著虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)展開，所有的解釋也都是針對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)逐個(gè)進(jìn)行的。給學(xué)生一個(gè)整體感。對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)有更深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)。學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容層層遞進(jìn)，有助于學(xué)生的理解和深入。課堂使用過程中也收到了比較好的效果。但是虛擬是不同于漢語的思維方式和構(gòu)成形式，有的同學(xué)從情感上不是很適應(yīng)，同時(shí)理智上又是可以理解這個(gè)句式。在備課過程中我瀏覽了許多網(wǎng)上的內(nèi)容，比如 第二節(jié) 教學(xué)要點(diǎn)： 鞏固

37、練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練提高。 教學(xué)過程： 一、 分角色朗讀課文。 二、 練習(xí)說話，用“因?yàn)椤浴闭f說回聲的形成。 三、 完成課后練習(xí)題 四、 分析生字的字形，指導(dǎo)田字格的書寫，進(jìn)行擴(kuò)詞，說話的練習(xí)。 五、 布置作業(yè)： 附板書設(shè)計(jì)： ? If clauses Main sentences Present If… was/were/did…, …would/should/could/might do… Past If… had been/done.., …would/should/could/might have done… future If… was/were/did…, If…were to do…, If… should do…, …would/should/could/might do… Notes: 1. Was/were 2. were to do/should do 3. should/were/had