高考英語語法一輪復(fù)習(xí) 名詞性從句課件1

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1、十七、名詞性從句,從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 ()1. ________Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom,1B?？疾槊~性從句。句意：Barbara Jones 所給予她的粉絲的是誠實(shí)與幸福。由句中的is可知其前面是由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，what在主語從句中作offer的直接賓語。,()2. Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can

2、 lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where,2C?？疾檎Z境條件下同位語從句的使用。句意：現(xiàn)代科學(xué)提供的明顯的證據(jù)顯示吸煙可以導(dǎo)致多種疾病。跟在evidence后面解釋其內(nèi)容的同位語從句一般由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)。故此處答案選C。,()3. It is still under discussion ________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where

3、,3A?？疾橹髡Z從句。根據(jù)題意，it為形式主語。句末or not與whether連用，構(gòu)成whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句，故選A項(xiàng)。句意：這個(gè)老車站是否將會(huì)被一座現(xiàn)代賓館所代替這個(gè)問題仍在討論之中。,()4. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why,4A?？疾閣hat引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。題意：在解決問題之前，一定要明確問題是什么。what 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。 用在疑問句時(shí)應(yīng)該是“what is the probl

4、em？” 現(xiàn)在整個(gè)從句放置在陳述句當(dāng)中，所以采用陳述語序，把be動(dòng)詞放在后面。,()5. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know ________ shell accept it.(2011山東) A. where B. what C. whether D. which,5C?？疾橘e語從句。我們已經(jīng)給她提供了一份工作，但是不知道她是否接受，故選whether，意為“是否”。,一、名詞性從句概述 名詞性從句是指在主句中所起作用相當(dāng)于名詞的從句。名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。,三、“名詞性從句”在高考試卷中的熱點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)

5、1that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別： (1) that 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句通常放在fact，news，idea，truth，advice，hope 等抽象名詞之后，它對與它有同位關(guān)系的抽象名詞進(jìn)一步解釋或補(bǔ)充說明，說明這些名詞“是什么內(nèi)容”； 而that引導(dǎo)的定語從句在復(fù)合句中的功能相當(dāng)于形容詞，它對先行詞起修飾、描述或限制作用，說明它所修飾的詞“是什么樣的性質(zhì)、特征等”。 (2) 在同位語中，that 只起連接作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分； 在定語從句中，that除了起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、賓語或表語。,例如：The fact that she had not

6、 said anything surprised all of us. 她什么也沒說，這讓我們大家都很吃驚。(同位語從句) The fact(that)she had said surprised all of us. 她所說的那件事使大家都非常吃驚。(定語從句that作said的賓語，并可省略) 2when、where引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句、定語從句以及狀語從句的區(qū)別： when表“的時(shí)間”，where表“的地方”時(shí)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；,when表“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，where表“的地方”，且修飾行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句； when、where從句作定語修飾先行詞時(shí)引導(dǎo)定語從句。

7、 例如：We should go where working conditions are difficult.(狀語從句) We should go to the place where working conditions are difficult.(定語從句) Can you tell me where working conditions are difficult？(名詞性從句),3it 作形式主語與as / what / which / that引導(dǎo)的從句的辨析： 【例】(1)________ is reported in the newspaper，robots will

8、do anything for us human beings. AIt BAs CThat DWhat (2)________ is reported in the newspaper that robots will do anything for us human beings. AIt BAs CThat DWhat,(3)________surprised us most that Peter won the first place in the speech contest. AIt BAs CThatDWhat (4)________surprised us most wa

9、s that Peter won the first place in the speech contest. AIt BAs CThat DWhat (5)Peter won the first place in the speech contest，________surprised us most. Ait Bthat Cwhich Dwhat,【答案】(1)(5)BAADC。it 作形式主語替代主語從句，可以用as / which引導(dǎo)的定語從句改寫，但須注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的細(xì)微差別。如句(1)與句(2)，句(1)由as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，主從句間用逗號隔開，而句(2)中it 替代t

10、hat 引導(dǎo)的主語從句。細(xì)比較句(3)(4)(5)的異同。,4名詞性從句的語序： 【例】The photographs will show you ________. Awhat does our village look like Bwhat our village looks like Chow does our village look like Dhow our village looks like,【答案】B。所有名詞性從句都得使用陳述句語序。,5主句和賓語從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng) ： 【例】(1)No one can be sure ________ in a million years

11、. Awhat man will look like Bwhat will man look like Cman will look like what Dwhat look will man like,(2)The reporter said that the enemy soldiers ________ east to west when he saw them. Awere moving Bmoved Chad moved Dwas to move (3)The teacher said that the sun ________ in the east and ________ in

12、 the west. Arises；setsBrose；sets Crose；set Drises；set,【答案】(1)(3)AAA。如果主句是祈使句或主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，則從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以根據(jù)句意的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。若主句謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)，則從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。賓語從句表達(dá)的只要是客觀事實(shí)、真理或自然現(xiàn)象等，則從句謂語動(dòng)詞均為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇；it代替主語從句或賓語從句；that引導(dǎo)同位語從句和定語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別。 四、關(guān)聯(lián)詞選擇的一般性原則 關(guān)聯(lián)詞選擇的一般性原則：看懂上下文，根據(jù)句意與邏輯來確定。 【例】I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that ________ you had a few days off? Awhy Bwhen Cthat Dwhere,【答案】A,