新視界大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3-unit

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1、 Warming upSkimmingDiggingCritical thinkingLanguage in useUnfamiliar wordsInterpretingTalking pointThe glass castle Warming up Listen and underline any words or expressions which are different from what you hear.A: Looking back now on your childhood, what are the first things you can remember?B: You

2、 mean sights and smells, and things like that?A: Yes, thats right. Psychologists tell us our first memories go back to when we were about two years old. Warming upA: Well, I remember the first time I saw the stars. My parents and I were on holiday we were in Scotland. At least, I think I remember. B

3、ut perhaps its the photos I remember really, not the original memory. Maybe sounds and smells are more reliable as memories, like the smell of the flowers in the back garden, or the radio. I used to listen to the radio. I must have been about three. It was a programme in the afternoon for children c

4、alled Listen with Father. I listened every day. The voice at the beginning used to say “Are you sitting straight?”, and I would pull myself up straight in the chair. I used to love doing that. Warming upNow listen again and correct the information.Answer: smells sounds; two three stars sea; flowers

5、grass Father Mother straight comfortably Warming up Work in pairs and discuss the questions.1 What is your earliest memory?2 What smells do you associate with your childhood?3 And what tastes?4 And what sounds? Listen to the story about Laura Ingalls Wilder and her “Little House” books. Answer the q

6、uestions. 1 . What are the “Little House” books about? 2 . What do you know about Laura Ingalls Wilder? scriptWarming up Laura Ingalls Wilder 1 . What are the “Little House” books about? The “Little House” books are about the family of a little girl named Laura. The family lived on the great flat la

7、nd known as the prairie in the central part of the United States. They were known as pioneers. The stories take place in the mid eighteen hundreds. The first book is called Little House in the Big Woods. Warming up 2 . What do you know about Laura Ingalls Wilder? Laura Ingalls was born in 1 8 6 7 in

8、 an area known as the Big Woods of Wisconsin. Her family was always moving from one place to another. Life was not easy for them. Readers can read about Lauras early life in her books.Warming up The story about Laura Ingalls Wilder and her “Little House” booksSince the nineteen thirties, children ha

9、ve gone to sleep listening to the words of Laura Ingalls Wilder. She wrote nine Little House books that take place in the mid eighteen hundreds. They tell about a family who lived on the great flat land known as the prairie in the central part of the United States. They were known as pioneers.The fa

10、mily moved from one small house to another. They carried all they owned in a wagon, pulled by a horse. They did not like to live and work in big cities. They enjoyed farming and raising animals. And they loved the open spaces of the prairie.Warming up Laura Ingalls was born in eighteen sixty-seven i

11、n an area known as the Big Woods of Wisconsin. Her father was said to have a restless spirit. He did not like to live in one place very long. The family moved from Wisconsin to Kansas, then to Minnesota, Iowa, and South Dakota.Lauras father was always looking for a better job, or better land to sett

12、le on. Life for the Ingalls family was not easy. They were often cold and hungry. Laura remembered these times when she wrote her Little House books later in life.Warming up Laura Ingalls Wilders first book is called Little House in the Big Woods. It was published in nineteen thirty-two. It tells of

13、 her life when she was about five years old. She calls her mother and father Ma and Pa. She also includes an older sister named Mary and a younger sister named Carrie in her stories. This first book tells how Laura helps her family on their small farm.She learns how to grow crops and prepare for a c

14、old winter. After working hard all day, Pa would play his fiddle, and sometimes they would sing and dance. Life was simple, but good.Warming up Warming up Look at the title of the passage. What do you think a novel with the title The Glass Castle is most likely to be about?1 an impossible dream2 a f

15、ragile personality3 a stimulating but unusual childhood 4 a fairy story SkimmingBrowse the passage within 8 minutes to get a rough idea about it.Answer the questions of Activity 2 and 3 on page 2 7 .Task Skimming Check ( ) the true statements. 1 The passage describes what happened one Christmas in t

16、he writers family. 2 Her family usually celebrated Christmas like all other families. 3 Her parents usually gave the children presents at Christmas. 4 Her father didnt have any job on this particular Christmas. 5 He took the children out all together to look at the stars. 6 He told the writer to cho

17、ose a star as a Christmas present. 7 The writer chose Venus because it was very bright. 8 Her father knew a lot about physics and astronomy. Answer: The true statements are 1 , 4 , 6 , 7 and 8 . Skimming Answer the questions. 1 Why did the writers parents buy their children presents after Christmas?

18、2 What could be found on the roadside after Christmas?3 What did the writers father think of people who live in cities?Boxes and paper that people had thrown away. They were foolish. Because they were cheaper then. Skimming4 How did the writer react to the idea of having a star as a present?5 How di

19、d her father justify it?6 What happened during Christmas dinner?It made as much sense as claiming a whole continent of the earth. She didnt think it was possible. The family discussed outer space. The glass castle 譯 文Digging1 I never believed in Santa Claus.2 None of us kids did. Mom and Dad refused

20、 to let us. They couldnt afford expensive presents, and they didnt want us to think we werent as good as other kids who, on Christmas morning, found all sorts of fancy toys under the tree that were supposedly left by Santa Claus. So they told us all about how other kids were deceived by their parent

21、s, how the toys the grown-ups claimed were made by little elves wearing bell caps in their workshop at the North Pole actually had labels on them saying MADE IN JAPAN. Digging3 “Try not to look down on those other children,” Mom said. “Its not their fault that theyve been brainwashed into believing

22、silly myths.” 譯 文Digging4 We celebrated Christmas, but usually about a week after December 2 5 , when you could find perfectly good bows and wrapping paper that people had thrown away and Christmas trees discarded on the roadside that still had most of their needles and even some silver tinsel hangi

23、ng on them. Mom and Dad would give us a bag of marbles or a doll or a slingshot that had been marked way down in an after-Christmas sale. 譯 文Digging5 Dad lost his job at the gypsum mine after getting in an argument with the foreman, and when Christmas came that year, we had no money at all. On Chris

24、tmas Eve, Dad took each of us kids out into the desert night one by one. I had a blanket wrapped around me, and when it was my turn, I offered to share it with Dad, but he said no thanks. The cold never bothered him. I was five that year and I sat next to Dad and we looked up at the sky. 譯 文DiggingD

25、ad loved to talk about the stars. He explained to us how they rotated through the night sky as the earth turned. He taught us to identify the constellations and how to navigate by the North Star. Those shining stars, he liked to point out, were one of the special treats for people like us who lived

26、out in the wilderness. Rich city folks, hed say, lived in fancy apartments, but their air was so polluted they couldnt even see the stars. Wed have to be out of our minds to want to trade places with any of them. 譯 文Digging6 “Pick out your favorite star,” Dad said that night. He told me I could have

27、 it for keeps. He said it was my Christmas present. “You cant give me a star!” I said. “No one owns the stars.” “Thats right,” Dad said. “No one else owns them. You just have to claim it before anyone else does, like that dago fellow Columbus claimed America for Queen Isabella. Claiming a star as yo

28、ur own has every bit as much logic to it.” 譯 文Digging7 I thought about it and realized Dad was right. He was always figuring out things like that. 8 I could have any star I wanted, Dad said, except Betelgeuse and Rigel, because Lori and Brian had already laid claim to them. 譯 文Digging9 I looked up t

29、o the stars and tried to figure out which was the best one. You could see hundreds, maybe thousands or even millions, twinkling in the clear desert sky. The longer you looked and the more your eyes adjusted to the dark, the more stars youd see, layer after layer of them gradually becoming visible. T

30、here was one in particular, in the west above the mountains but low in the sky, that shone more brightly than all the rest. 譯 文Digging10 “I want that one,” I said.11 Dad grinned. “Thats Venus,” he said. Venus was only a planet, he went on, and pretty dinky compared to real stars. She looked bigger a

31、nd brighter because she was much closer than the stars. Poor old Venus didnt even make her own light, Dad said. She shone only from reflected light. He explained to me that planets glowed because reflected light was constant, and stars twinkled because their light pulsed. 譯 文Digging12 “I like it any

32、way,” I said. I had admired Venus even before that Christmas. You could see it in the early evening, glowing on the western horizon, and if you got up early, you could still see it in the morning, after all the stars had disappeared. 譯 文Digging13 “What the hell,” Dad said. “Its Christmas. You can ha

33、ve a planet if you want.”14 And he gave me Venus. Digging15 That evening over Christmas dinner, we all discussed outer space. Dad explained light years and black holes and quasars and told us about the special qualities of Betelgeuse, Rigel, and Venus. Betelgeuse was a red star in the shoulder of th

34、e constellation Orion. It was one of the largest stars you could see in the sky, hundreds of times bigger than the sun. It had burned brightly for millions of years and would soon become a supernova and burn out. I got upset that Lori had chosen a clunker of a star, but Dad explained that “soon” mea

35、nt hundreds of thousands of years when you were talking about stars. 譯 文 Digging16 Rigel was a blue star, smaller than Betelgeuse, Dad said, but even brighter. It was also in Orion it was his left foot, which seemed appropriate, because Brian was an extra-fast runner. 譯 文 Digging17 Venus didnt have

36、any moons or satellites or even a magnetic field, but it did have an atmosphere sort of similar to earths, except it was super-hot about five hundred degrees or more. “So,” Dad said, “when the sun starts to burn out and earth turns cold, everyone here might want to move to Venus to get warm. And the

37、yll have to get permission from your descendants first.” 譯 文 Digging18 We laughed about all the kids who believed in the Santa myth and got nothing for Christmas but a bunch of cheap plastic toys. “Years from now, when all the junk they got is broken and long forgotten,” Dad said, “youll still have

38、your stars.”譯 文 1 . how the toys the grown-ups claimed were made by little elves wearing bell caps in their workshop at the North Pole actually had labels on them saying MADE IN JAPAN. (Line 8 , Para 2 )The parents in the book tell their children that the stories other children believe about Santa C

39、laus are false as can be seen by the fact that the gifts have not been made by elves at the North Pole but manufactured in factories in places like Japan, as can be seen by looking at the labels on them. Difficult sentences Difficult sentences 2 . Mom and Dad would give us a bag of marbles or a doll

40、 or a slingshot that had been marked way down in an after-Christmas sale. (Line 7 , Para 4 )The parents would give their children very cheap gifts, some of which had even been bought after Christmas in sales to get rid of unsold goods. marked way down: greatly reduced in price Difficult sentences 3

41、. Those shining stars, he liked to point out, were one of the special treats for people like us who lived out in the wilderness. (Line 1 4 , Para 5 )Pollution makes it difficult to see many stars in urban areas, whereas the night sky is a brilliant sight out in the uninhabited countryside. The fathe

42、r tells his children they are privileged to live in such remote places. Difficult sentences 4 . Wed have to be out of our minds to want to trade places with any of them. (Line 1 9 , Para 5 )Wed have to be out of our minds to want to trade places with any of them. (Line 1 9 , Para 5 ) Difficult sente

43、nces 5 . Wed have to be out of our minds to want to trade places with any of them. (Line 1 9 , Para 5 )The father tells his daughter that the star will belong to her forever. Difficult sentences 6 . You just have to claim it before anyone else does, like that dago fellow Columbus claimed America for

44、 Queen Isabella. (Line 5 , Para 6 )In earlier European legal theory, lands which belonged to no organized state could be claimed by their discoverers. Hence when Columbus, working for the Spanish queen, discovered America, he claimed it for her. In the same way, the girl can now claim the unoccupied

45、 star as her own. Difficult sentences 6 . You just have to claim it before anyone else does, like that dago fellow Columbus claimed America for Queen Isabella. (Line 5 , Para 6 )dago: It is a racist term for a Spaniard. Columbus was actually an Italian but working for the Spanish queen. The father s

46、hows disrespect for the discoverer of America presumably as part of his general rejection of the attitudes of most people in his society. His argument about claiming and owning anything not possessed by anyone else might be seen as criticizing the European seizure of America. The father is a rebel b

47、y nature. Difficult sentences 7 . I thought about it and realized Dad was right. He was always figuring out things like that. (Para 7 )The daughter shows her deep love and respect for her father. She finds his unusual way of looking at things convincing. Difficult sentences 8 . He explained to me th

48、at planets glowed because reflected light was constant, and stars twinkled because their light pulsed. (Line 7 , Para 1 1 )The father explains to his daughter that planets merely give off a constant reflected light, while stars are balls of glowing gas whose heat and light come in waves thus shining

49、 in a different way (in fact, twinkling). Difficult sentences 9 . “What the hell,” Dad said. (Line 1 , Para 1 3 )what the hell: Its a slang expression used when suddenly rejecting our own objections to something. e.g.“We cant go. Its raining. Okay, what the hell, lets get wet.”More examples Difficul

50、t sentences 1 0 . “Years from now, when all the junk they got is broken and long forgotten,” Dad said, “youll still have your stars.” (Line 3 , Para 1 8 )Other childrens worthless Christmas presents only last a short time, but the stars the father has given the children will be there all their lives

51、. fancy 釋義a. expensive, popular, and fashionable 昂 貴 的 ； 流 行 的 ； 時(shí)髦 的例句We stayed in this really fancy hotel in the mountains. 我 們 住 在 山 里 這 家 十 分 豪 華 的 旅 館 里 。 翻譯Words例句They sent me to a fancy private school. 他 們 將 我 送 到 一 家 昂 貴 的 私 立 學(xué) 校 。 翻譯 真題It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy

52、 clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. (Jun. 1 9 9 8 , CET-4 , Reading Comprehension) 釋義1 n. C a room or building where things are made using tools and machines 車 間 ； 工 場(chǎng) ； 作 坊Words workshop例句He set up a workshop for his carving. 他 建 起 了 一 個(gè) 雕 刻 工 作 間 。 翻譯例句The

53、workshop employs 2 5 full-time workers. 工 場(chǎng) 雇 傭 了 25位 全 職 工 人 。 翻譯 釋義2 n. C an occasion when a group of people meet to learn about a particular subject, especially by taking part in discussions or activities 研 討 會(huì) ； 專 題 討 論 會(huì)例句Many people are interested in the workshop. 許 多 人 都 對(duì) 這 次 研 討 會(huì) 表 示 了 極 大

54、 的 興 趣 。 翻譯Words例句In the one-day workshop, she taught us the importance of breathing exercises. 在 為 期 一 天 的 研 討 班 上 ， 她 向 我 們 講 述 了 呼 吸 練 習(xí) 的 重 要 性 。翻譯workshop bow 釋義1 n. C a knot that you tie in something such as a piece of string so that there are two circular parts and two loose ends 蝴 蝶 結(jié)例句Ella

55、wore a big bow in her hair. 埃 拉 頭 上 扎 著 一 只 大 蝴 蝶 結(jié) 。 翻譯Words例句翻譯She tied the ribbon into a neat bow. 她 用 絲 帶 打 了 一 個(gè) 很 整 潔 的 蝴 蝶 結(jié) 。 釋義2 vi. to bend your body forwards from the waist, especially to show respect for someone （ 尤 指 表 示 尊 敬 ） 鞠 躬 ， 躬身 ， 彎 腰例句翻譯Words例句The pianist stood up and bowed to t

56、he audience. 翻譯鋼 琴 手 站 起 來(lái) 向 觀 眾 鞠 躬 。 Maria bowed down before the statue. 瑪 麗 亞 在 塑 像 前 躬 身 致 敬 。 bow 釋義vt. to get rid of something that you no longer want or need 丟 棄例句Cut the olives into small slices and discard the pits. 將 橄 欖 切 成 小 片 ， 將 核 扔 掉 。 翻譯Words例句Read the manufacturers guidelines before

57、 discarding the box. 在 丟 掉 盒 子 前 看 一 下 制 造 商 的 說(shuō) 明 。翻譯discard 真題Library application forms which are not picked up within 2 months will be discarded and you will have to reapply. (Jun. 1 9 9 5 , CET-4 , Listening Comprehension) 釋義v. to move in a circle around a fixed central point, or to move somethi

58、ng in this way （ 使 ） 旋 轉(zhuǎn) ； （ 使 ） 轉(zhuǎn) 動(dòng)例句The moon rotates around the earth. 月 球 繞 著 地 球 旋 轉(zhuǎn) 。翻譯Words例句Take each foot in both your hands and rotate it to loosen and relax the ankle. 雙 手 抓 住 自 己 的 雙 腳 ， 轉(zhuǎn) 動(dòng) 一 下 ， 放 松 腳 踝 。翻譯rotate navigate 釋義v. to choose a path so that a ship, plane, or car can go in a p

59、articular direction, especially by using maps or instruments 引 路 ； （ 尤 指 利 用 地 圖 或 儀 器 為 船 、 飛 機(jī) 或汽 車 ） 導(dǎo) 航 ， 領(lǐng) 航例句Early explorers used to navigate by the stars. 早 期 的 探 險(xiǎn) 家 往 往 靠 星 辰 確 定 方 向 。 翻譯Words例句By law a harbour pilot must be on board to navigate the ship into port. 根 據(jù) 法 律 ， 港 口 領(lǐng) 航 員 必 須 上

60、 船 將 船 只 領(lǐng) 進(jìn) 港 口 。 翻譯 釋義n. C something special that you do or buy for yourself or someone else 款 待 ； 特 意 做 的 事例句We took the kids to the zoo for a special treat. 我 們 帶 著 孩 子 去 了 動(dòng) 物 園 翻譯Words例句Many women think of facials as a treat. 翻譯不 少 女 人 把 美 容 看 成 是 一 種 享 受 。 真題W: I hear there is a good Japanese

61、 restaurant nearby Would you like to go there for lunch?M: Yes, but its my treat this time. (Jun. 1 9 9 5 , CET-4 , Listening Comprehension) treat 釋義1 vi. if lights or stars twinkle, they become brighter then weaker in a way that is not steady or continuous （ 燈 或 星 星 ） 閃 爍 ， 閃 耀例句At night, lights tw

62、inkle in distant villages across the valleys. 夜 晚 ， 山 谷 對(duì) 面 遙 遠(yuǎn) 的 村 莊 燈 光 閃 閃 。 翻譯Words twinkle 例句On a starry night, lots of stars twinkle in the sky. 星 夜 的 天 空 上 有 許 多 眨 著 眼 的 星 星 。 翻譯 釋義2 vi. if someones eyes twinkle, they seem to shine because the person is happy （ 眼 睛 因 高 興 而 ） 發(fā) 亮 ， 發(fā) 光例句翻譯Word

63、s His eyes twinkled with amusement. 他 高 興 地 眨 著 眼 。例子翻譯Her eyes twinkled at the good news. 聽(tīng) 到 好 消 息 ， 她 的 眼 里 閃 爍 著 喜 悅 的 光 芒 。 twinkle 釋義n. C ( of) an amount or sheet of a substance that covers a surface or lies between two things or two other substances 層 ； 疊 層例句翻譯Words例句翻譯Everything was covered

64、with a fine layer of dust. 每 件 東 西 都 覆 蓋 著 一 層 薄 薄 的 塵 土 。 Arrange all the vegetables except the potatoes in layers. 除 土 豆 外 把 所 有 蔬 菜 分 層 放 置 。 layer As the tree grows it adds a layer to its trunk taking up chemical elements from the air. (Jun. 2 0 0 2 , CET-4 , Listening Comprehension) 真題 visible

65、釋義1 a. (clearly / highly / barely etc ) able to be seen 看 得 見(jiàn)的 ； 可 見(jiàn) 的例句翻譯Words The house is visible from the road. 從 公 路 上 可 以 看 到 那 幢 房 子 。 例句翻譯Trim off all visible fat before cooking. 烹 調(diào) 之 前 把 所 有 看 得 見(jiàn) 的 肥 肉 都 剔 掉 。 Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they

66、became visible to the eye. (Jun. 1 9 9 7 , CET-4 , Reading Comprehension) 真題 釋義2 a. clear, obvious, or noticeable 清 晰 的 ； 明 顯 的 ； 引 人注 目 的例句翻譯Words There is a visible change in attitudes to working women. 人 們 在 對(duì) 待 勞 動(dòng) 婦 女 的 態(tài) 度 上 有 了 明 顯 的 變 化 。 例句翻譯He was making a visible effort to control himself. 看 得 出 他 在 努 力 控 制 自 己 的 情 緒 。 visible 釋義1 a. (AmE) very small in size, amount, or importance 小的 ； 少 量 的 ； 無(wú) 關(guān) 緊 要 的例子翻譯Words a really dinky pay raise少 得 可 憐 的 加 薪 例句翻譯 I cant believe they charge 1 0