（統(tǒng)考版）高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第2板塊 強(qiáng)化知識(shí)運(yùn)用 專題4 語(yǔ)法填空（含解析）-人教版高三英語(yǔ)試題

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1、第2板塊 [命題規(guī)律] 1．一般給出一篇200詞左右的說(shuō)明文或記敘文，10個(gè)空中有7個(gè)有提示詞，提示詞為實(shí)詞，每空不超過(guò)三個(gè)詞；另外3個(gè)不給提示詞，每個(gè)空只能填一個(gè)單詞，主要填虛詞。 2．有提示詞的考查有三個(gè)必考點(diǎn)，分別是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(主要為時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和詞類轉(zhuǎn)化；還有兩個(gè)?？键c(diǎn)，分別是比較等級(jí)和名詞的數(shù)。 3．無(wú)提示詞有三個(gè)?？键c(diǎn)，分別為連詞(包括并列連詞和從句引導(dǎo)詞)、冠詞和介詞。 4．若考查代詞，可分為有提示詞和無(wú)提示詞兩種類型；另外，有時(shí)也可以直接填副詞。 [命題趨勢(shì)] 1．預(yù)計(jì)2021年高考語(yǔ)法填空仍為說(shuō)明文或記敘文，難易度保持穩(wěn)定，話

2、題符合學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平，貼近學(xué)生的日常生活，文章寓意深刻，對(duì)學(xué)生具有一定的教育意義。 2．從考查點(diǎn)看，有提示詞類動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍是考查的重點(diǎn)，其次是詞類轉(zhuǎn)換，其中以動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞、名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞為主；無(wú)提示詞類填空以考查介詞、連詞、冠詞為主。 [語(yǔ)法填空解題三步驟] 第一步　通讀全文，理解大意 快速通讀全文，掌握文章的主旨大意。瀏覽全文的目的是把握其大意，為下一步“填空”做好“語(yǔ)意”上的準(zhǔn)備。因?yàn)椤罢Z(yǔ)意”決定著空白處應(yīng)填一個(gè)什么意思的詞語(yǔ)以及應(yīng)該采用什么樣的語(yǔ)法形式。 第二步　嘗試填空，先易后難 在通讀全文、基本了解文章大意之后，就可以填空了。答題之

3、前，首先要檢查題目中是否有提示詞，如果有提示詞，應(yīng)該判斷所填詞在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，根?jù)其所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞趾退幘渥拥臅r(shí)態(tài)等，填寫出單詞的正確形式。如果句中沒(méi)有提示詞，則要根據(jù)空格所在位置判斷所填詞的性質(zhì)，如連詞、冠詞、代詞和介詞等。 第三步　驗(yàn)證復(fù)查，修正錯(cuò)誤 在答題時(shí)間充足的情況下，進(jìn)行復(fù)查是必要的。復(fù)查的方法是：將所有答案“填進(jìn)”短文中并進(jìn)行通讀，最后確定答案。通讀時(shí)要注意上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如果前后句子之間有矛盾或者句子不通順，證明有可能出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，這時(shí)候就要重新考慮，適當(dāng)修正錯(cuò)誤。 A篇 (2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) China has become the first count

4、ry to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探測(cè)器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—1． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moon's far side is 2. (extreme) challenging.Because the moon's body bl

5、ocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3. it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 4. (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(

6、環(huán)形山)，more so 5. the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists，”Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it 7. (mean) we have

7、 the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8. (construct)．”Data about the moon's composition，such as how 9. ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether 10. (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了中國(guó)是第一個(gè)登上月球背面的

8、國(guó)家。 1．touched　[考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last week，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。] 2．extremely　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(形容詞變副詞)。副詞extremely修飾后面的形容詞challenging。] 3．where　[考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞是spot，后跟定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where。] 4．interest　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(形容詞變名詞)。句中含有“be＋of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，be of particular interest＝be particularly interesting，故填名詞interest。] 5．than　[考查m

9、ore...than...的用法。本句中含有more，空格后為比較對(duì)象，因此本空應(yīng)填than。] 6．to find　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(不定式)。句中的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to find and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin作狀語(yǔ)，表目的。] 7．means　[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，本句也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是it，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用means。] 8．is constructed　[考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處表示“月球是如何構(gòu)成的”，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且此處描述的是客觀情況，故填is constructed。construct vt.

10、建造，構(gòu)建。] 9．much　[考查how much的用法。how much“多少”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。] 10．its　[考查代詞。此處表示“它的計(jì)劃”，故用形容詞性物主代詞its。] B篇 (2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) Decorating with Plants，F(xiàn)ruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 11． (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.This is why

11、decorating with plants，fruits and flowers 12. (carry) special significance.They represent the earth 13. (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country： Oranges：Orange trees are more 14. decoration; the

12、y are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times 15. (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. Bamboo：Chinese love their“Lucky Bamboo”plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.16. (certain) during the ho

13、liday period，this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 17. health，abundance and a happy home.They are easy 18. (care) for and make great presents. Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花)：The 19. (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.T

14、he plum trees are 20. first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化)．They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了中國(guó)人在慶祝春節(jié)時(shí)用植物、水果和鮮花來(lái)做裝飾以及它們所代表的美好寓意。 11．celebration　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(動(dòng)詞變名詞)。不定冠詞a后面接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，所以填celebration。] 12．carries　[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。在why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句中，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)

15、decorating...flowers作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，并且此處講的是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以填carries。] 13．coming　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。the earth和come之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以填coming。] 14．than　[考查固定搭配。more than為固定搭配，在這里表示“不僅僅”，所以填than。] 15．decorated　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?？涨暗膖hem指代上文的Orange trees，和decorate之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，所以填decorated。] 16．Certainly　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(形容

16、詞變副詞)。此處修飾整個(gè)句子，且位于句首，所以填Certainly。] 17．with　[考查固定搭配。be associated with...是固定搭配，表示“與……有關(guān)”。] 18．to care 　[考查固定句式。此處考查“be＋adj.＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)。注意此處用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。] 19．beautiful　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(名詞變形容詞)?？仗幒涂蘸蟮膌ong共同修飾名詞branches，所以填beautiful。] 20．the　[考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞前加定冠詞the，表示“第幾個(gè)”。] C篇 (2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) The polar bear is fo

17、und in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence 21． they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of t

18、he range has been 22. (poor) studied；however，biologists calculate that there are about 20，000-25，000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 23. tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive 24. (perform) consistently over a large

19、area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 25. (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 26. (believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 27. (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human s

20、ettlements，leading to the illusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué)) that populations are 28. (high) than they actually are.Of 29. nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six 30. (be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了北極熊種群數(shù)量越來(lái)越少、亟須保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀。 21．tha

21、t　[考查同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明evidence的具體內(nèi)容，從句中不缺少成分且意義完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。] 22．poorly　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(形容詞變副詞)。修飾動(dòng)詞studied應(yīng)用形容詞poor的副詞形式poorly。] 23．of/for　[考查介詞。a method of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。] 24．to perform　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是“主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。] 25．have reported　[考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in recent yea

22、rs可判斷用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。] 26．belief　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(動(dòng)詞變名詞)。根據(jù)空格前的不定冠詞a可知，此處應(yīng)填believe的名詞形式belief(看法，信念)。] 27．noting　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用其動(dòng)名詞形式。respond by doing sth.通過(guò)做某事回應(yīng)。] 28．higher　[考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)空格后的than可知，此處應(yīng)用high的比較級(jí)形式higher。] 29．the　[考查冠詞。此處特指確認(rèn)的19個(gè)亞種群，故用定冠詞the。] 30．a(chǎn)re　[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處陳述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；six指代six polar

23、 bear subpopulations，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。] D篇 (2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) On our way to the house，it was raining 31． hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 32. (get)there.It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 33. dogs，seven to be exact.

24、They were well trained by their masters 34. had great experience with caring for these animals.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 35. (recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the bac

25、kyard. When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 36. (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.They also shared with us many 37. (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were 38. (huge)popular with tourists.On the

26、last day of our week-long stay，we 39. (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，40. (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者的一次旅行經(jīng)歷。 31．so　[考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“如此……以至于……”，so修飾副詞hard

27、。] 32．to get　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是it takes some time to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事”。] 33．of　[考查介詞。a pack of是固定搭配，意為“一群……”。] 34．who　[考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾指人的先行詞their masters，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填關(guān)系代詞who。] 35．recommended　[考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。] 36．competition　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(動(dòng)詞變名詞)。根據(jù)空格前的an interesting可知，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞co

28、mpete的名詞形式competition。] 37．traditional　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(名詞變形容詞)。所填詞修飾名詞stories，故應(yīng)用tradition的形容詞形式traditional。] 38．hugely　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(形容詞變副詞)。所填詞修飾形容詞popular，故應(yīng)用huge的副詞形式hugely。be hugely popular with非常受……歡迎。] 39．were invited　[考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，且主語(yǔ)we與動(dòng)詞invite之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。] 40．listening　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，

29、此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與and后面的現(xiàn)在分詞meeting并列，主語(yǔ)we與listen之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。] 題型一　有提示詞 [命題角度] 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 比較等級(jí) 名詞、代詞 詞匯派生 考查動(dòng)詞八種時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成形式。 考查動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，-ed形式和不定式形式。 考查形容詞、副詞變?yōu)楸容^等級(jí)的基本構(gòu)成形式。 考查單數(shù)名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)名詞的基本構(gòu)成形式；考查代詞的數(shù)和所有格的變化以及反身代詞。 考查加前綴或后綴轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的派生詞。 [真題例釋] (2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an arti

30、st 1．whose paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2. (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3. (

31、choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River — perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world. Filled with 4. (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5.W

32、hen/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and 6. (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7. (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 8. (gentle) along

33、 the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9. (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The ar

34、tist was finally humbled(謙卑) by the greatest artist 10.on earth, Mother Nature. 2.提示詞fine是形容詞，修飾其后的名詞work，應(yīng)考查比較等級(jí)。此處應(yīng)指“他們最好的作品”，故填最高級(jí)形式finest。 3．提示詞choose是動(dòng)詞，且與句子的主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后填be chosen。 4．提示詞curious是形容詞，在介詞with后應(yīng)填名詞形式，故此處填curiosity。 6．提示詞point是動(dòng)詞，空格處與前面的smiled構(gòu)成并列謂語(yǔ)，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)pointed。

35、7．提示詞find是動(dòng)詞，與前面的set out構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)set out to do sth.“著手做某事”，故填to find。 8．提示詞gentle是形容詞，空格處修飾動(dòng)詞moved，故考查其副詞形式gently。 9．提示詞surround是動(dòng)詞，(surround) the mountain tops作賓語(yǔ)clouds的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，surround與clouds是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填surrounding。 1．(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Often, only a small part of a museum's collection is(be) on disp

36、lay. Most of it is stored away or used for research. 2．(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) Historical accuracy(accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 3．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made(make)over the years. 4．(2019·北京卷)On the first day of my first grade, I st

37、ood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I voiced(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. 5．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying(die) early by running. 6．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic(energy)． 7．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)To avoid k

38、nee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. 8．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global(globe) fertilizer consumption. 9．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)I'm a scientist(scien

39、ce) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. 10．(2018·浙江卷)I still remember visiting(visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked(shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time. 11．(2020·哈爾濱市模擬)As paper became more affordable，paper-cutting became one of the m

40、ost important types(type) of Chinese folk art. 12．(2020·云南師大附中)Tea ceremony, with its(it) roots in the Chinese tea culture, differs among eastern countries. 13．(2020·邯鄲市模擬)Captains taking their(they) ships around an iceberg may miscalculate the size of the iceberg. 14．(2020·武漢市質(zhì)檢)Without enough a

41、nimals and plants, evolution can't function and nature will become worse(bad) instead of better. 15．(2020·日照市一中模擬)The railway stations of the future may be more intelligent than we can possibly(possible) imagine. 16．(2020·邯鄲市模擬)Third, if you talk loudly in public places, it will make other people

42、uncomfortable(comfortable)． 17．(2020·華中師大附中模擬)Should a person's morals and political views be taken(take) into consideration when we evaluate literature? 18．(2020·衡水市模擬)Shortly after the community decided to turn(turn) an abandoned area into a garden park, they called(call) a meeting to discuss pe

43、ople's requirements. 19．(2020·遼寧省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)模擬)When people are faced(face) with health or nutrition questions, it is increasingly(increasing) common for them to go online and diagnose themselves. 20．(2020·泰安市模擬)He strongly(strong) supports the promotion of traditional Chinese medicine and health medicine

44、 to a larger(large) area, which will bring benefits to more people that suffer pains from disease. 題型二　無(wú)提示詞 [命題角度] 冠詞 介詞 代詞 并列連詞或從屬連詞 關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞 副詞 a, an, the的基本用法及特殊用法。 動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞與介詞的搭配；固定短語(yǔ)中的介詞。 人稱代詞的數(shù)、所有格；固定短語(yǔ)中的代詞。 and, but, or, so；狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 固定搭配中的副詞。 [真題例釋] (2020·浙江

45、卷)Some time after 10000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1． ， through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 2. could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. F

46、arming produced more food per person 3. hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 4.was needed(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5.to change(change) lives. By about 6000 BC, p

47、eople 6.had discovered(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 7.seasons(season), planting at the right time and，in dry areas, 8.making(make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. T

48、hen, with 9. rise of science, changes began. New methods 10.meant(mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.

49、 1．無(wú)提示詞。根據(jù)句意可知，當(dāng)時(shí)人們首次試圖控制他們所生活的這個(gè)世界，live in是固定詞組，表示“在……地方生活”，故填介詞in。 2．無(wú)提示詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，2. could be hunted or gathered from the wild在介詞on的后面是賓語(yǔ)從句，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示“……的事物”，故填關(guān)系代詞what。 3．無(wú)提示詞。根據(jù)前面的more可知，此處考查比較級(jí)，more ... than ...表示“比……多……”，故填than。 9．無(wú)提示詞。根據(jù)后面的rise of science可知，此處考查名詞的限定詞，語(yǔ)意

50、表示“科學(xué)的興起”，故填定冠詞the表示特指。 1．(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)They kept their collection at home until it got too big or until they died, and then it was given to a museum. 2．(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened

51、 in 1759. 3．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I work not because I have to, but because I want to. 4．(2019·北京卷)First celebrated in 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地區(qū))． 5．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengt

52、hening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 6．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 7．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)I'm not sure who is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 8．(2018·

53、浙江卷)Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. 9．(2020·威海市模擬)Being happy is a sort of unexpected gain.But staying happy is an accomplishment, a success of soul and character. 10．(2020·南陽(yáng)市模擬)Life was difficult

54、for her during her youth as she and her grandparents had little to live on． 11．(2020·黑龍江省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)模擬)This would help boost global trade, investment, and financial cooperation, making it easier to share the benefits of development more widely. 12．(2020·北京市高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)Some university students carried out a c

55、ampaign where they celebrated their whole day without cell phones. 技法一　動(dòng)詞靈活多變，重點(diǎn)掌握其變化形式 一、提示詞是動(dòng)詞時(shí)，若句子沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所填詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就需要考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。 [例1]　(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Since 2011, the country has grown(grow) more corn than rice. [例2]　(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)The parts of a museum open to the public are

56、called(call) galleries or rooms. 二、提示詞是動(dòng)詞時(shí)，若句子中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又不是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所填詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，這時(shí)就需要確定是用動(dòng)詞-ing形式，-ed形式，還是用不定式形式。 1．作目的狀語(yǔ)用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句中。 [例1]　(2020·天津卷改編)To help(help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. [例2]　(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)You don't have to run fast or for long to

57、 see(see) the benefit. 2．作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。 [例3]　(2016·10月浙江卷)Soon after, I was on my way to the show, carrying(carry) a fancy black handbag and a happy smile. [例4]　(2016·北京卷改編)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, turning(turn) the old town into a dreamland. 3．作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。 [例5]　(

58、2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for being(be)Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. [例6]　(2020·唐山市模擬) “Climate emergency” was picked by Oxford Dictionaries as the word of the year for 2019 after being used(use) on average 100 times more than

59、in 2018. 4．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化的形容詞作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示“令人……的”用動(dòng)詞-ing形式；表示“(感到)……的”用過(guò)去分詞。 [例7]　(2019·天津高考)I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed(fix) attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years. [例8]　(2020·濟(jì)寧市質(zhì)檢)Li Ziqi, by telling an insp

60、iring(inspire) China story, is promoting traditional Chinese culture to an international audience. 三、提示詞是動(dòng)詞，并且所填詞在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通?？疾樵搫?dòng)詞派生出來(lái)的名詞。 [例1]　(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased pollution(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. [例2]　(2020

61、·吉林省重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)考)But the difference(differ) is that when we complain about something we are finding faults in it. 技法二　掌握名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞的基本用法 一、提示詞是名詞，并且作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通?？疾槠鋸?fù)數(shù)形式。若作定語(yǔ)，通?？疾槠湫稳菰~或所有格形式。 [例1]　(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, histo

62、rical objects and works of art. [例2]　(2018·浙江卷)Making Chinese dishes(dish)is seen as especially troublesome. [例3]　(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Recent studies(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 二、提示詞是形容詞，并且所填詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，通?？疾樵撔稳菰~派生出的副詞。提示詞是形容詞或副詞，根據(jù)句意判斷空白處是否該用比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)。

63、 [例1]　(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have finally(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. [例2]　(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer(long) than non-runners. [例3]　(2019·北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)模擬)Pl

64、astic bottles are usually the lightest(light) and most convenient. 三、提示詞為人稱代詞，如作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，通?？疾槿朔Q代詞的主格或賓格的單復(fù)數(shù)或名詞性物主代詞或反身代詞。如作定語(yǔ)，則考查形容詞性物主代詞。 [例1]　(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模擬) and imagine themselves(they) living at a different time in hist

65、ory or walking through a rainforest. [例2]　(2017·11月浙江高考)Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and their(they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words learned this way in conversations almost automatically. 四、在簡(jiǎn)單句和并列句中，若句子缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，空白處一定填代詞。 [例1]　(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Howev

66、er, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25, 000 people were using it every day. [例2]　(2020·龍巖市模擬)Therefore, it makes sense that Chinese restaurants were a destination for Jewish families on Christmas. 五、名詞前面若無(wú)限定詞修飾，空白處很可能是填冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞。 [例1]　(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs. [例2]　(2020·北京市測(cè)試)She recognized my potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthu