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1、專題限時集訓(十三)　閱讀七選五之說明文(Ⅰ) A (2020·大同市學情調(diào)研) How to Build a Better Breakfast We've all heard that breakfast is the most important meal of the day，and that may actually be true.A study found that breakfast eaters were more likely to lose weight than those who didn't eat a morning meal. 1 But it's n

2、ot just whether you eat or not；it's what you eat that matters.These tips will help you really rise and shine： 1．Eat even if you're not hungry. Although you might not feel like eating when you get up in the morning，it's a good idea to get something into your system.Eating within 90 minutes of wakin

3、g up will jump-start your metabolism(新陳代謝) and keep you from getting hungry later. 2 2．Be boring. Changing what you eat is a good idea in theory，but if you are watching your weight，you might want to stick with the same old menu.People who allow their breakfast calories to change have larger wai

4、sts and a higher incidence(發(fā)生率) of metabolic syndrome than folks who keep their morning calorie intake constant，no matter how much they eat for the rest of the day. 3 3.Add peanuts or peanut butter. By eating peanuts or peanut butter，the carbohydrates are taken in more slowly and blood sugar do

5、es not rise as high. 4 So they are less likely to snack later. 4． 5 There's an old saying that advises“Eat breakfast like a king，lunch like a prince and dinner like a pauper”．It's worth following.Those who eat a balanced 700-calorie breakfast over a 12-week period lower their blood sugar and

6、 blood pressure twice more than people who eat a 200-calorie meal.They also lose an average of 19.2 pounds and have lower levels of ghrelin，the“hunger hormone”． A．Go big. B．Pile on the produce. C．Just a banana will do the trick. D．So it's worth making the effort to hold it steady. E．It could se

7、t you up for overeating throughout the day. F．Plus women feel fuller for up to 12 hours after eating peanuts or peanut butter. G．Other studies link skipping breakfast with a higher risk of developing high blood pressure，heart disease，and type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)． 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了“如何吃好早餐”。作為一天中最重

8、要的一餐，早餐的作用不容小覷。文中就如何更好地吃早餐給出了四點建議。 1．G　[根據(jù)空前的句子可知，一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更可能減肥。G項說明其他研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不吃早餐的害處，意義銜接連貫；另外，G項中的“Other studies”與空格前的“A study”相呼應，故答案為G項。] 2．C　[根據(jù)該段小標題可知，即使不餓也要吃早餐。C項“僅僅一根香蕉也會起到作用”與該部分主旨一致。] 3．D　[根據(jù)該段小標題和“stick with the same old menu”以及空格前一句中早餐卡路里攝入量改變與否的健康狀況比較可推知，該部分的中心是“保持早餐卡路里攝入量不變化”

9、，D項“所以努力保持其穩(wěn)定是值得的”與段落大意吻合，且D項中代詞it指代前一句中的“calorie intake”。] 4．F　[根據(jù)該部分的小標題和闡述部分不難看出，段落的核心詞是peanuts or peanut butter。F項中有核心詞的復現(xiàn)，還有后文they所指代的復數(shù)名詞women，符合代詞上下文指代一致的原則，且銜接副詞Plus(另外，而且)也提示了其與空格前一句話的并列關系，故選F項。] 5．A　[空格處為段落小標題。由該段第一句中的“Eat breakfast like a king”可得出結論：早餐卡路里攝入量越多越有益，這與A選項Go big(吃大餐)相呼應，故選A

10、項。] B (2020·山師大附中模擬) If you are thinking about redecorating the home, you are probably searching about interior (室內(nèi)的) decoration ideas.Redecorating presents a great chance to reflect your personality by displaying your style and interests.It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a re

11、striction. 6 Here are some tips on how to do so： Search some magazines.You can get dozens of home interior decoration ideas from countless magazines and TV programs.Some programs tend to show less costly interior decoration ideas. 7 It's a good way of comparing different styles.Here you can mak

12、e distinction between broad styles, country, contemporary, etc. Fond of primitive style.If you are fond of primitive or traditional style, warmer colors are the best for the room.These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture. 8 Modern style.If you like modern styles,

13、 use brighter colors instead of white and off white.Home decoration of these styles includes minimum disorder and a lot of free space and light.Leather furniture matches the room: white or black with contrasting throw cushion (靠墊) per seating place. 9 10 This often occurs anyway, especially

14、if the people give you furniture or you inherit (繼承 )the same.If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles, you need to bridge a gap between them.This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows, wall hangings and carpets. A．A white one on a black sofa suits h

15、ere. B．There is nothing wrong in mixing two styles. C．Another effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet. D．The combinations and possibilities in the first decoration are endless. E．Autumn colors go well to produce warm, friendly and pleasant atmosphere. F．Nevertheless, the ques

16、tion for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget. G．The walls tend to have one or two pieces of wall art rather than 6 to 10 of the older time. 【語篇解讀】　這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾種重新裝修的方法，通過這些方法來裝修可以展示你的風格和興趣，反映你的個性。 6．F　[前文“It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction.

17、”(如果錢不是限制的話，重新裝修房子會很容易)與F項“Nevertheless, the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.”(然而，對大多數(shù)人來說，問題是如何在有限的預算內(nèi)重新裝修房子)承接自然，前后部分都談到和裝修有關的資金問題，money和budget是關鍵詞，故選F項。] 7．C　[前文“Search some magazines.”(在雜志上搜索)與C項“Another effective and affordable option is by surfing the Inte

18、rnet.”(另一種有效且經(jīng)濟的選擇是上網(wǎng))承接自然，前后部分介紹了兩種尋找裝修風格的途徑，故選C項。] 8．E　[前文“These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture.”(這些顏色與各種舊式布料和木制家具相配)與E項“Autumn colors go well to produce warm, friendly and pleasant atmosphere.”(秋天的顏色很適合制造溫暖、友好和愉快的氣氛)承接自然，前后部分話題一致，都是關于顏色和其他部分的搭配，color是關鍵詞，故選E項

19、。] 9．A　[前文“white or black with contrasting throw cushion per seating place”(白色或黑色，每個座位處有對比鮮明的靠墊)與A項“A white one on a black sofa suits here.”(黑色沙發(fā)上的白色靠墊適合這里)承接自然，前后兩句都講述顏色對比鮮明的話題，white和black是關鍵詞，故選A項。] 10．B　[根據(jù)下文“If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles, you need t

20、o bridge a gap between them.This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows, wall hangings and carpets.”(如果你想把不同風格的家具聯(lián)系在一起，那么你需要在它們中間搭配一個間隔。這個很容易做到，比如放個靠枕，壁掛和地毯)可知本段主要講述把兩種風格的家具混合在一起增加美感。B項“There is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.”(把兩種風格混在一起沒有錯)可以作為本段中心句，故選B項。] C Here's what your ha

21、ndwriting says about you You'd be surprised to see what a handwriting analyst says about you. 11 How do you cross your“t's”？ If you write your “t's” with a long cross，you're likely to be determined and enthusiastic，possibly with stubborn tendencies. 12 If you cross your“t's” up high，you lik

22、ely have many goals and aim high.If you cross them low，it could mean it's time to raise the bar for yourself；low crossers tend to aim low as well. 13 Did you know outgoing personalities tend to write in large letters，and shy types prefer to write small？If you have average-sized writing，it show

23、s a strong ability to focus and concentrate. How much do you space your words? People who leave large spaces between their words enjoy freedom and independence. 14 If your words are totally jammed together，a handwriting analyst will suggest that you might have the tendency to crowd people. How

24、 quickly do you write? If you write quickly，it's highly likely that you're impatient and dislike wasting time.If you take your time getting your words down，you are independent and methodical. How much pen pressure do you use? While very heavy pen pressure can suggest tension and anger，modestly he

25、avy pressure is a sign of commitment.Soft pressure means you're sympathetic and sensitive. 15 A．How big or small do you write? B．How often do you use capital letters? C．It might also mean you lack energy. D．If you use a short cross，however，it could be because you're lazy. E．Your “t's” have a

26、 lot to do with what your handwriting says about you. F．The way you write could reflect more than 5，000 different personalities. G．Those who squeeze their words together tend to like the company of others. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了筆跡所反映出的不同性格。 11．F　[設空處是全文的主題句。通讀下文可知，本文主要介紹了筆跡所反映出的不同性格，故F項符合語境。] 12

27、．D　[D項中的cross與本段小標題中的cross及上句中的cross形成原詞復現(xiàn)：且D項中的short cross與上句中的long cross形成對比。] 13．A　[本段中的“in large letters”， “write small”以及“average-sized writing”表明本段主要講字體大小反映出的性格。] 14．G　[G項中的“Those who squeeze their words together”與上句中的“People who leave large spaces”形成對比。] 15．C　[C項中的mean與上句中的means形成原詞復現(xiàn)；且C項中

28、的also表明C項內(nèi)容是對上句的進一步補充。] D People have a huge influence on your life.“You are the average of the five people you spend the most time with，”says American motivational speaker Jim Rohn.With this in mind，you should think about the people you're spending time with the same way you think about what you

29、eat and how you're exercising. 16 ？ And what are the benefits of surrounding yourself with these people? 17 . They provide you with motivation to achieve your goals，empower you to make the changes you need to succeed and cheer on your success.In the workplace，good people tend to be productiv

30、e people.They're organized，create schedules they stick to and don't get easily distracted(分心的) from the end goal.And all these things help you to be more productive! People are different.There are things that make you happy but might not make me happy. 18 . The key is finding the people that are

31、good for you. Remember that like attracts like.You need to be confident and be yourself.This will lead you to the people that are right for you. 19 ．Resentment(怨恨) only leads to bitterness and unhappiness，and it's time to let it go. 20 ， people who make you laugh，people who help you when you'

32、re in need，and people who truly care about you.They are the ones worth keeping in your life.Everyone else is just passing through. A．How do you become a good person B．You may also need to practice forgiveness C．Good people will inspire you to be a better person D．Surround yourself with people wh

33、o make you happy E．Your idea of support may differ from the next person's F．What makes someone a good person to spend time with G．Family members are the people that you spend the most time with 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。我們應該跟能讓自己進步的人交朋友。 16．F　[下文提到了能讓你進步的人應具有的一些特征，F(xiàn)項承上啟下，且F項與該空后一句在結構上并列。] 17．C　[本段提到了能讓你

34、進步的人具有的一些特征，以及他們帶給你的好處。該空為本段的中心句，C項中的inspire與本段中的motivation，achieve，empower，succeed和success都是表達積極意思的詞匯。當你實現(xiàn)了自己的目標，在工作中收獲更多時，你就會成為一個更好的人(a better person)。] 18．E　[該段講人的認知是不同的，能讓你開心的東西不一定會帶給“我”快樂，你對“支持”的理解也許跟別人不一樣，最重要的是找到對你有益的人。E項中的differ與段首的different為同根詞。] 19．B　[該空后提到了不原諒別人的過錯會帶來的后果——怨恨只會讓你痛苦、不開心，你要

35、學會放下怨恨。B項中的“You may also need to”與上文中的“You need to”在結構上并列。] 20．D　[該段總結全文，你要結交能帶給你快樂的人。D項中的“people who make you happy”與該空后的“people who make you laugh, people who help you ... people who truly care about you”在結構上并列。] E Humans are not the only ones who use dating sites and apps to find a mate.Frogs

36、 and cows are also finding partners through the creative use of technology. Romeo is a Sehuencas water frog from Bolivia. 21 But when they collected Romeo，they didn't expect that they would spend more than 10 years looking for a mate for him.They began to wonder if Romeo was the last Sehuencas w

37、ater frog alive. Last year，to raise money to search for possible mates for Romeo，the scientists took an unusual step. 22 Of course，the scientists who created the page weren't really hoping that a frog would respond.They wanted to raise money so they could search for another Sehuencas water frog.

38、The plan worked. 23 The money allowed the scientists to go back into the forests in the area of Bolivia where Romeo was found.Luckily，the team finally found five frogs in all，three males and two females. 24 In the United Kingdom，a company called Hectare has come up with“Tudder”—an unusual way

39、 for farm animals to find partners.Tudder is a “dating” app which allows farmers to easily find mates for their cows and bulls(公牛)．Farmers can post pictures of their animals to the app. 25 Tudder may sound a bit silly，but farmers say it saves them time and money because they don't have to travel

40、with their animals to find them a mate. A．They raised $25，000. B．Romeo got a lot of attention. C．The team saw a frog jump in the water. D．Scientists knew this species was in trouble. E．One of the females，named Juliet，will be Romeo's new partner. F．They created a page for Romeo on the dating we

41、bsite M. G．They can also look through pictures and descriptions to find other animals in need of a mate. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。交友軟件的使用已不僅限于人類，如今人們也可通過交友軟件給動物們尋找它們的另一半。 21．D　[根據(jù)下文中的“they didn't expect that they would spend more than 10 years looking for a mate for him.They began to wonder if Romeo was t

42、he last Sehuencas water frog alive”可知，來自玻利維亞的塞胡卡斯水蛙幾乎瀕臨滅絕，故D項中的“this species was in trouble”與之呼應，故D項符合語境。] 22．F　[根據(jù)下文中的“the scientists who created the page”可知，科學家們在約會網(wǎng)站上給水蛙“羅密歐”創(chuàng)建了一個網(wǎng)頁，以此來募集資金。F項中的“They created a page for Romeo”和下文中“created the page”相呼應。] 23．A　[根據(jù)上文中的“They wanted to raise money”和“

43、The plan worked”以及下文的“The money allowed the scientists to go back into the forests”可知，科學家們想出的辦法奏效了，他們籌到了想要的資金，A項的“They raised $25, 000”與此相呼應，故A項符合語境。] 24．E　[根據(jù)上文中的“the team finally found five frogs in all，three males and two females”可知，E項中的“One of the females”承接上文，符合語境。] 25．G　[根據(jù)上文中的“which allows farmers to easily find mates for their cows and bulls(公牛)．Farmers can post pictures of their animals to the app”，以及下文中的“because they don't have to travel with their animals to find them a mate”可知，G項符合語境。農(nóng)場主們不僅可以把自己的動物照片發(fā)到網(wǎng)站上尋找配對，也可以查看其他動物資料來找到需要配偶的動物。]