《中考英語命題研究 第二編 語法專題突破篇 專題十 動詞的時(shí)態(tài) 第一節(jié) 時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成精講試題1》由會員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《中考英語命題研究 第二編 語法專題突破篇 專題十 動詞的時(shí)態(tài) 第一節(jié) 時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成精講試題1(5頁珍藏版)》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、
專題十 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)
,懷化五年中考命題規(guī)律及趨勢
考綱要求
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 3.一般過去時(shí) 4.一般將來時(shí) 5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
時(shí)態(tài)
年份
題號
選項(xiàng)設(shè)置
提示詞
分值
一般
過去時(shí)
2013
29
invent/inventing/was invented
無
1分
現(xiàn)在
進(jìn)行時(shí)
2016
62
are________(sit)
are
1分
2013
27
eat/are eating/ate
Look
1分
2012
26
2、took/takes/are taking
Look
1分
過去
進(jìn)行時(shí)
2014
28
is walking/was walking/has played
when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句主句時(shí)態(tài)
1分
現(xiàn)在
完成時(shí)
2016
27
has been to/has gone to/went to
sorry,he isnt in.
1分
2015
29
change/changed/has changed
since 引導(dǎo)的主句時(shí)態(tài)
1分
動詞的時(shí)態(tài)是懷化中考單項(xiàng)選擇題中的高頻考點(diǎn)。語句設(shè)置多為
3、一個(gè)單句,詞數(shù)在10~15詞,其語境設(shè)置不是很靈活,大多都有明顯的時(shí)間狀語提示?,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)五年中考過兩次;過去時(shí),過去進(jìn)行時(shí)五年中也分別考過一次;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)五年中考了三次;一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)五年中沒考過一次,為冷考點(diǎn)。此外在翻譯句子中也涉及對時(shí)態(tài)的考查,考查點(diǎn)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
預(yù)計(jì)2017年懷化中考的單項(xiàng)選擇仍會出現(xiàn)一道時(shí)態(tài)題,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考查的可能性很大。
第一節(jié) 時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成
,懷化中考重難點(diǎn)突破
【滿分點(diǎn)撥】
1.動詞的五種基本形式變化表
英語動詞有五種基本形式,即動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)(現(xiàn)在式)、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。
形式
4、構(gòu)成
例詞
動詞原形
沒有經(jīng)過任何變形,就是詞典中一般給出的形式
be,do,have,come
第三人稱
單數(shù)
一般在動詞原形后直接加s
work—works
read—reads
以s,o,x,z,sh,ch結(jié)尾的動詞,后加es
go—goes
wash—washes
以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞,應(yīng)將y改為i再加es
fly—flies
study—studies
續(xù)表
形式
構(gòu)成
例詞
過去式與
過去分詞
一般在動詞原形后直接加ed
work—worked
stay—stayed
在以e結(jié)尾的動詞后只加d
5、
close—closed
like—liked
以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞,應(yīng)將y改為i再加ed
study—studied
carry—carried
以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動詞,雙寫此輔音字母再加ed
stop—stopped
plan—planned
續(xù)表
形式
構(gòu)成
例詞
現(xiàn)在分詞
一般在動詞原形后直接加ing
sleep—sleeping
wait—waiting
以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞,去e再加ing
smile—smiling
move—moving
以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的
6、動詞,雙寫此輔音字母再加ing
sit—sitting
dig—digging
plan—planning
少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動詞,變ie為y,再加ing
die—dying
lie—lying
常見的短暫性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換:
短暫性動詞
延續(xù)性動詞
have closed/opened
have been closed/open
have died
have been dead
have left
have been away
have begun/started
have been on
續(xù)表
短暫性動詞
延續(xù)性動詞
have
7、finished/ended
have been over
have become
have been
have borrowed
have kept
have bought
have had
have joined
have been a member of/
have been in
have left sp.
have been away from sp.
have fallen asleep
have been asleep
have put on
have worn
have caught/got a cold
have had a cold
h
8、ave got to know
have known
2.常見6種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法
種類
意義
構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)
時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
例句
備注
一般
現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1.現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動作
2.目前的狀態(tài)
3.客觀真理
be用am/is/are;主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),作謂語的行為動詞詞尾加s/es;其他人稱和數(shù)用動詞原形
often,sometimes,usually,always,twice a month,on Sundays,every week/month/
year…(every系列)
He usually leaves for school at 7 in
9、 the morning.他經(jīng)常早上7點(diǎn)去學(xué)校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。
一般
過去時(shí)
1.過去發(fā)生的動作
2.過去存在的狀態(tài)
be用was/were;其他動詞用過去式
just now,…ago,in 1980,last night/week/month…(last系列),this morning,yesterday,the other day,used to
We went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我們?nèi)チ藲v史博物館。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很
10、忙。
一般
將來時(shí)
1.將來發(fā)生的動作
2.將來存在的狀態(tài)
1.助動詞will
(shall)+動詞原形
2.a(chǎn)m/is/are going to+動詞原形
tomorrow,from now on,soon,in the future,next year/week/month/
term…(next系列)
I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我將在校門口見你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15歲了。
在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)
續(xù)表
種類
意義
構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)
11、
時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞
例句
備注
現(xiàn)在
進(jìn)行時(shí)
說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作
am/is/are+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
now,at present,at the moment,look,listen
The telephone is ringing.Could you answer it,please?電話響了,你可以接聽一下嗎?
表示位置移動或狀態(tài)變化的動詞,如:come,go,leave等詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式可表示將要發(fā)生的動作
過去
進(jìn)行時(shí)
過去某一階段或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動作
was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
at 1:00 last night,at that m
12、oment,表示過去時(shí)間的狀語從句
I was reading when he came in.當(dāng)他進(jìn)來的時(shí)候,我正在讀書。He was always complaining about something.他總是抱怨一些事情。
在復(fù)合句中,如果兩個(gè)動作同時(shí)發(fā)生,那么延續(xù)性動詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),短暫性動詞用一般過去時(shí),通常在when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中出現(xiàn)
現(xiàn)在
完成時(shí)
1.到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動作;對現(xiàn)在還有影響
2.從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)
have/has+動詞的過去分詞
yet,just,before,recently,once,already,la
13、tely,ever,never,since 1996,for ten years
He has only been to the Great Wall once.他去過長城一次。I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我來到青年志愿者有五年了。
1.since后面的從句用一般過去時(shí),主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2.短暫性動詞不與一段時(shí)間連用。如果要與一般時(shí)間連用必須換成延續(xù)性動詞(見上表)
【考點(diǎn)搶測】
一、詞語運(yùn)用
1.Grandma usually __wakes__up__ early in the morning.(醒來)
14、
2.When we __compare__(比較) Western culture with Chinese culture,youll find many differences.
3.That company __provided__ (提供) us with 3,000 dollars in 2012.
4.The thief stole__ (steal) food from the supermarket and was caught by the policemen.
5.The wind __swept__away__ (sweep away) the clouds a
15、nd the sky was clear.
6.We still dont know when your friend __will__come__ (come) here.
7.I overslept this morning.By the time I got to the train station,the train __had__left__(leave).
8.I __was__reading__ (read) a novel last night when I heard knocks at the door.
二、單項(xiàng)選擇
( C )9.(2016張家界中考)—___
16、_____you ever______the history museum,Paul?
—No,I havent.
A.Do;visit B.Did;visit
C.Have;visited
( A )10.(2016泉州中考)—Have you watched the new movie Kung Fu Panda 3,Kelly?
—Not yet.I________it with my classmate tonight.
A.will watch B.was watching
C.have watched
( B )11.(2016永州中考)—What ar
17、e you doing now?
—I________to the music.
A.is listening B.a(chǎn)m listening
C.was listening
( A )12.(2016長沙中考)—I think Ill take a bus to the meeting.
—The bus?If you________,youll be late.
A.do B.have done C.will do
( C )13.(2016長沙中考)—Your coat fits you well.
—Thank you.I________it when I was on vacation.
A.have bought B.buy C.bought
( A )14.(2016常德中考)—What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening?
—I________my homework.
A.was doing B.have done C.did
5