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1、第一節(jié)冠詞 (1)1.(2013全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷,31)India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long struggle. A不填;a B. the;a C. an;不填 D. an;the【解析】A句意:印度在堅(jiān)持了長(zhǎng)期的斗爭(zhēng)之后于1947年獲得獨(dú)立。第一空“獲得獨(dú)立”,independence為抽象名詞,前不加冠詞;第二空“在一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的斗爭(zhēng)之后”,用不定冠詞a。2.(2013福建,21)The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of ha
2、rmony, peace and development. A. the;a B. a;a C. a;the D. the;the【解析】B句意:中國(guó)夢(mèng)是一個(gè)提高人們富裕程度的夢(mèng),也是一個(gè)和諧、安詳和發(fā)展的夢(mèng)。兩空都用不定冠詞a。3.(2013山東,22)It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky. A. 不填;a B. a;the C. the;a D. the;不填【解析】B句意:那是一個(gè)寒冷的冬夜,月光如洗照耀著夜晚的天空。第一空“一個(gè)寒冷的冬夜”,應(yīng)用不定冠詞a;第二空“
3、夜空”,指獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物用定冠詞the。 4.(2013全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷,13)Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and _ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar. A. a;a B. the;the C不填;the D. a;不填【解析】A句意:我們討論了四個(gè)半小時(shí)一直討論到了午夜,決定吃奶酪,巧克力和糖茶休息一會(huì)兒。第一空表示“四個(gè)半”應(yīng)用four and a half;短語(yǔ)a break表示“休息一會(huì)兒”,故答案選A。5.(2013重慶,32)The
4、parents were shocked by _ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee. A. a;/ B. the;/ C. the;an D. a;an【解析】C句意:聽(tīng)到兒子的膝蓋需要?jiǎng)邮中g(shù),父母感到非常驚奇。第一空news后帶有that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句,故應(yīng)該特指;第二空譯為“一個(gè)手術(shù)”,使用不定冠詞。 6.(2013浙江,15)People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferenc
5、es affect learning. A. a;an B. a;不填 C. 不填;the D. the;an【解析】A句意:人們?cè)诤苄〉臅r(shí)候就會(huì)對(duì)某種學(xué)習(xí)方式產(chǎn)生偏愛(ài),而這種偏愛(ài)會(huì)影響學(xué)習(xí)。短語(yǔ)a preference for對(duì)的偏好;at an early age在年紀(jì)很小時(shí),故均填不定冠詞。 7.(2013陜西,19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ thirteenth century. A. the;a B. a;不填 C. 不填;the D. the;the【解析
6、】D據(jù)說(shuō)馬可波羅在13世紀(jì)去爪哇國(guó)的路上在太平洋上航行過(guò)。第一空指獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物用the;第二空為固定短語(yǔ),表示在多少世紀(jì)“in thethcentury”,需加定冠詞。 8.(2012山東,29)Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times. A. the;the B. a;a C. a;不填 D不填;a【解析】B句意:在那些艱難的日子里能夠買得起一杯酒是一種安慰。a drink表示“一杯酒”,故第一個(gè)空填a;comfort這個(gè)詞單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)表示“安慰”時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞,而表示“某人、某物或某事是一種安慰
7、”時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞,類似于抽象名詞具體化。此處講“能夠買得起一杯酒”這件事是“一種安慰”,故第二個(gè)空也選a。9.(2012浙江,2)The development of industry has been _ gradual process throughout _ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology. A. 不填;the B. the;a C. a; 不填 D. a; a【解析】C句意:從整個(gè)人類生存史來(lái)看,從石器時(shí)代到現(xiàn)代化技術(shù)時(shí)代,工業(yè)的發(fā)展是一個(gè)逐漸的 過(guò) 程 。 第 一 空 表 示 “ 一 個(gè) 過(guò) 程 ” 的 意
8、思 ,existence是不可數(shù)名詞,所以第二空不用冠詞。10.(2012全國(guó)新課標(biāo),22)Sarah looked at _ finished painting with _ satisfaction. A. 不填;a B. a;the C. the;不填 D. the;a【解析】C句意:Sarah 滿意地看著已經(jīng)完成的畫(huà)作。第一空填the特指已經(jīng)完成的畫(huà)作;第二空為固定短語(yǔ),意為“滿意地”。11.(2012遼寧,21)I woke up with _ bad headache, yet by _ evening the pain had gone. A. the;the B. the;an
9、 C. a;the D. a;an【解析】C句意:我醒來(lái)的時(shí)候頭痛得厲害,然而到晚上的時(shí)候疼痛消失了。某些表示疾病的不可數(shù)名詞前面常常有不定冠詞的固定搭配,如:have a headache, catch a cold, have a fever等,故第一空填不定冠詞a。表示時(shí)間的名詞前面一般要用定冠詞,故第二空填定冠詞the。 12.(2012四川,18)We are said to be living in _ Information Age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes. A. an;the B. 不填;the C. 不填;a
10、D. the;a【解析】D句意:據(jù)說(shuō)我們生活在信息時(shí)代,一個(gè)充滿新發(fā)現(xiàn)和偉大變化的時(shí)期。age “時(shí)代”,常大寫(xiě),此處Information Age表特指信息時(shí)代,故第一空用定冠詞the, 比如the Space Age“太空時(shí)代”;time作為“時(shí)間”講時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞,但是作為“時(shí)期”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,第二空表示泛指,故用不定冠詞。 13.(2012重慶,24)Sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George. A. /;/ B. the;/ C. the;the D
11、. /;the【解析】D句意:Sam已被任命為工程系的系主任,取代了George。第一空表示官銜,在句中作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)時(shí),其前省略冠詞;第二空考查固定短語(yǔ)take the place of意為“代替”。14.(2012安徽,21)Carl is studying _ food science at college and hopes to open up _ meat processing factory of his own one day. A. /;a B. /;the C. the;a D. the;the【解析】A句意:卡爾正在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)食品科學(xué),并希望將來(lái)有一天開(kāi)辦一家屬于自
12、己的肉加工廠。science意為“(一門(mén))學(xué)科,科學(xué)”,是不可數(shù)名詞,且在此表泛指,故第一空不用冠詞;factory“工廠”,是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),且此處表類指,意為“一家肉加工廠”,故第二空用不定冠詞a。故A項(xiàng)正確。 15.(2012全國(guó)大綱,7)He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump. A. the;the B. 不填;a C. the;a D. a;不填【解析】C句意:他在跳高比賽中失去了金牌,但是在跳遠(yuǎn)比賽中,他還有機(jī)會(huì)。第一空特指跳高比賽的金牌,故用定冠詞the;第二空表示“再一,又一”,故在序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞a。