高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專題6 情態(tài)動詞課件 新人教版

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1、路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索吾將上下而求索走向高考走向高考 英語英語人教版人教版 高考總復(fù)習(xí)高考總復(fù)習(xí)語法專題復(fù)習(xí)語法專題復(fù)習(xí)第二部分第二部分專題六情態(tài)動詞專題六情態(tài)動詞第二部分第二部分知知 識識 清清 單單2考考 點點 警警 示示3考考 點點 透透 析析1考考 點點 透透 析析 情態(tài)動詞在最近幾年的高考語法填空中還沒有直接考查過，但這并不意味著今后也不會考。另外，熟練掌握情態(tài)動詞的用法，對準(zhǔn)確理解語法填空、完形填空、閱讀理解、聽力理解中含有情態(tài)動詞的句子是很有益處的，并且在寫作中也可能會用到情態(tài)動詞。因此，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)好情態(tài)動詞，尤其要掌握好常用情態(tài)動詞的用法。知知 識識 清清

2、 單單 一、9大情態(tài)動詞的基本用法情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示can/could表示能力He can play table tennis quite well.表示理論上的可能性，“有時候會；可能會”Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes.表示請求和允許表示請求，口語中常用could代替canYou can have my seat.Im going now.Could you give me a band？情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示may/might表示請求、允許、許可，might比may的語氣更委婉You may use my dictiona

3、ry.Might I have a look at your new computer？must表示“必須”We must study hard and make progress every day.表示“偏要；硬要”If you must smoke，please go out.情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示shall用于第一、三人稱的疑問句中，表示征求對方的意見Shall I open the door？用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅；此外，當(dāng)頒布法律、規(guī)定時也用shallYou shall get an answer from me by tomorro

4、w.He shall go first，whether he wants or not.This law shall come into effect on May lst.情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示should表示勸告和建議，作“應(yīng)該”講You should learn from each other.表示驚訝、意外等情緒，意為“竟然”I cant bear that he should speak ill of me.用在if條件句中，表示可能性很小，但也不是完全不可能If anyone should come，say Im not at home.情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示will/woul

5、d用于表示意志或意愿I have told him again and again to stop smoking，but he will not listen.表示“請求；建議”。would比will委婉、客氣些Would you like some more coffee？表示習(xí)慣：will可以表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，意為“總是；習(xí)慣于”。表示過去的習(xí)慣性動作用wouldShe will sit for hours reading in the afternoon.When he was young，he would listen to music alone in his room.表示事物的某

6、種性質(zhì)和傾向Wood will float on the water.情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示need表示“需要；必要”，用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句中Need we take the test?NO，we neednt.dare表示“敢；敢于”，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中，一般不用于肯定句。I dare say是習(xí)慣說法，意為“我想，大概”How dare you talk like that？ought to表示義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”，語氣比should強，表示不十分肯定或含蓄的推測，意為“應(yīng)是；應(yīng)該”Everyone ought to obey the traffic rules.H

7、e ought to be home by now. 二、3組易混情態(tài)動詞用法比較情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示can(could)/bc able tocan/couldcan有現(xiàn)在式和過去式(could)，表示一般能力I am starving to death. I can eat two bowls of ricebe able to有更多的形式，was/were able to表示通過努力、克服困難做成某事The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but every one was able to get out.情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示

8、must/have tomust側(cè)重表示說話人的主觀看法；只有一種形式We must rely on ourselves.have to 表示客觀需要，有不同的形式I have to give it up because of my illness.would/used towould表示過去習(xí)慣性或重復(fù)性的動作，沒有與現(xiàn)在對比的含義，不可用于無人稱句或存在句Last year，our English teacher would sometimes tell stories after class.used to表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。強調(diào)今昔對比，可用于無人稱句或存在句He to

9、ld us he used to play football when he was young.情態(tài)動詞主要用法典句例示考點警示(1)can的一些常用固定搭配cannot but do sth./cannot help but do sth./cannot choose but do sth.表示“不得不，只好”cannot/can never.enough/too再也不為過(2)may的一些常用固定搭配may well動詞原形意為“完全能，很可能”，may as well動詞原形意為“最好滿可以，倒不如”(3)mustnt表示“禁止”“不許做某事”回答用need提問的問句時與回答用must

10、提問的問句時一樣，肯定回答用must，否定回答要用neednt或dont have toI cannot choose but go.You cannot be careful enough.Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.You may as well do it at once. 三、5大表示推測的情態(tài)動詞用法比較情態(tài)動詞適用句式適用時態(tài)意義典句例示 must肯定句一般式、進行式、完成式一定、肯定You must be hungry after the long walk.He m

11、ust be sleeping in the dormitory.can(could)疑問句，否定句一般式、進行式、完成式可能，能夠She cant be reading in the reading room now.Can/Could this be an excuse for that？情態(tài)動詞 適用句式 適用時態(tài)意義典句例示may/(might)肯定句，否定句一般式、進行式、完成式也許，可能He may not be happy.He may be playing basketball on the playground.should(ought to)肯定句一般式確定或期待“應(yīng)該”H

12、e should be around sixty years old.(確定)Its nearly seven oclock.Jack should he here at the moment.(期待)will(would)肯定句、否定句、 疑問句一般式、進行式、完成式大概He will have forgotten me. I left him 18 years ago.It would be about ten when he left home. 四、“情態(tài)動詞have done”用法類型構(gòu)成用法句式典句例示對過去的推測must have done表示對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為進行推測，意為“

13、想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定做了某事”肯定You must have gone to bed late last night. Your eyes are red.can/could have done表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的懷疑和不肯定否定、疑問He cannot have forgotten it.may/might have done表示對過去已發(fā)生的行為的推測，意為“也許/或許/已經(jīng)(沒有)”肯定、否定Its too late. I think he may have gone to bed.類型構(gòu)成用法句式典句例示表示后悔、責(zé)備或遺憾could have done表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性，意為“未

14、來可以”肯定The accident could have been avoided.should/ought to have done表示本該做某事而實際上未做肯定、否定You are late. You ought to have arrived five minutes earlier.類型構(gòu)成用法句式典句例示表示后悔、責(zé)備或遺憾neednd have done表示做了本來不必做的事否定I actually neednt have bought so much wineonly three people came.had better have done用于事后的建議，含輕微責(zé)備的口吻，

15、意為“當(dāng)時最好做了某事”肯定、否定You had better have started earlier.would rather have done表示“當(dāng)時寧愿做了某事”肯定、否定I would rather have taken his advice.考考 點點 警警 示示 1情態(tài)動詞不能單獨作謂語，必須與其它動詞一起作謂語。 另外，(1)后面接動詞原形。(2)沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。(3)變?yōu)橐蓡柧浠蚍穸ň鋾r不需要加助動詞，而是將情態(tài)動詞移至主語前變?yōu)橐蓡柧?，在情態(tài)動詞后加not，構(gòu)成否定句。 2掌握一些有關(guān)情態(tài)動詞的常用句型，如： cannot.too“無論也不過分”。 You cann

16、ot be too careful while driving. 開車時你越小心越好。 cannot wait to do“迫不及待地做” He couldnt wait to see the film. 他非常渴望看這部電影。 cannot(help) but do“不得不做，只好做” She couldnt but agree to my idea. 她只好同意我的想法。 cannot help it“沒有辦法” cannot help doing sth.“情不自禁地做某事” may well“有充分的理由可以” You may well be proud of him. 你有足夠的理由為他驕傲。 may/might as well“最好；不妨”。 3個別情態(tài)動詞的特殊用法。 (1)must可以轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞，意思是“必需的東西”，如： Comfortable shoes are a must when going hiking. (2)行為動詞need，dare有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接名詞、代詞、動詞不定式，動詞ing形式及復(fù)合賓語。如： The question needs to be discussed The question needs discussing.