重慶市中考英語 第2部分 語法專題研究 專題8 動詞和動詞短語課件

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1、第二部分 語法專題研究專題八專題八 動詞和動詞短語動詞和動詞短語(必考：每卷必考：每卷59道，道，7.514分，單選、完形、完成句子、短文填空）分，單選、完形、完成句子、短文填空）命題點命題點1 實義動詞的用法及辨析實義動詞的用法及辨析命題點命題點2 近義動詞辨析近義動詞辨析命題點命題點3 連系動詞的用法及辨析連系動詞的用法及辨析第一節(jié)第一節(jié) 動詞的用法及辨析動詞的用法及辨析第二節(jié)第二節(jié) 動詞短語動詞短語第一節(jié)動詞的用法及辨析第一節(jié)動詞的用法及辨析 （必考：每卷（必考：每卷37道，道，511分，單選、完形、短文填空）分，單選、完形、短文填空）命題點命題點1 實義動詞的用法及辨析實義動詞的用法及

2、辨析(必考：每卷必考：每卷36道，道，59分，單選、完形、短文填空分，單選、完形、短文填空) 中考試練中考試練1. He had a poor sight when he was in primary school, so he had to _ a pair of glasses.wear2. Its a pity that he did very well in the competition but failed to _ the record.break3. He _ to go to the party, so I had to go there instead.refused/fa

3、iled4. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees are _ around the city every year. 5. He _ his birthday with his family every year.6. Its impolite to _ the managers office without knocking at the door at first.7. To _ the environment, supermarkets dont provide free plastic bags for shopper

4、s.plantedcelebrateenterprotect8. Last year, many of his short stories were _ into some foreign languages.9. Soccer is a wonderful game for children. It _ great exercise, such as running and kicking. A. provides B. remains C. practises D. receivestranslatedA10. Dreams are beautiful. However, to _ the

5、m needs lots of time and work. A. discover B. find C. achieve D. stop11. It is necessary for everyone to _ a good habit of reading. A. enjoy B. choose C. develop D. acceptCC12. When you _ yourself with others you miss the wonder of who you are. A. compare B. communicate C. contact D. connect13. The

6、movie is so interesting that I dont _ seeing it again tomorrow. A. enjoy B. mind C. keep D. finish AB14. The school network will be shut down for safety reasons. That doesnt _ me at all. Im not a networm, anyway. A. satisfy B. surprise C. worry D. include15. Whats wrong with Simon? He isnt at school

7、 today. His legs were hurt. He was _ by a motorcycle this morning. A. treated B. hit C. operated D. dividedCB16. The drivers have to _ the traffic rules and control themselves if they want to be safe on the road. A. follow B. break C. make D. createA 滿分突破滿分突破 分析重慶近分析重慶近9年中考真題可知，實義年中考真題可知，實義動詞辨析在完形填空

8、中每年必考動詞辨析在完形填空中每年必考14道，道，在單項選擇中，僅在單項選擇中，僅2016 B卷和卷和2009年各考年各考查查1道，道，2015 A卷考查卷考查2道外，其余各卷均道外，其余各卷均未涉及。未涉及。 另外，在短文填空中，每年也會查另外，在短文填空中，每年也會查12道根據(jù)文章語境填適當?shù)膭釉~的題，此時要道根據(jù)文章語境填適當?shù)膭釉~的題，此時要考慮動詞變單三形式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和考慮動詞變單三形式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和過去分詞。且設(shè)題考查動詞的規(guī)則變化，較過去分詞。且設(shè)題考查動詞的規(guī)則變化，較少涉及不規(guī)則變化?？忌山Y(jié)合少涉及不規(guī)則變化?？忌山Y(jié)合話題寫作話題寫作天天見天天見識記動詞變過

9、去式、過去分詞的不識記動詞變過去式、過去分詞的不規(guī)則形式規(guī)則形式。命題點命題點2 近義動詞辨析近義動詞辨析(9年年4卷卷5考，單選、完形考，單選、完形) 中考試練中考試練17. Where did you get the CD? From my friend. And I have _ it for three days. A. borrowed B. kept C. bought D. taken18. A smile _ nothing, but gives much. A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spentBA19. There was something

10、 wrong with the line. We couldnt _ each other clearly. A. listen B. sound C. hear D. speak20. Has Jane done the washing yet? You cannot _ her to do such a thing. A. want B. hope C. expect D. wish21. It was such a long way that they didnt _ the hotel until it became dark. A. reach to B. arrive at C.

11、get D. takeCCB 滿分突破滿分突破 分析重慶近分析重慶近9年中考真題可知，近義動詞年中考真題可知，近義動詞辨析在辨析在2016年、年、2015年均未涉及，但年均未涉及，但2014 A卷卷考查考查2道，道，2011、2010和和2008年各考查年各考查1道，如道，如說話說話(say, talk, speak與與tell)、借、借(borrow, lend，與與keep)、看、看(look, watch, see與與read)等。等。 以下為幾組中考常見的近義動詞辨析：以下為幾組中考常見的近義動詞辨析： 1. speak, tell, talk 與與say (2014 A卷卷43題，題

12、，2010年年31題題) 2. borrow, lend與與keep (2014 A卷卷28題題) 3. look, see, watch與與read (2011年年41題題) 4. dress, be in, put on與與wear (2008年年36題題)具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P14具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P61 具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P10具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P15 5. bring, take, carry與與fetch(get) 6. pay, spend, take與與 cost 7. listen, hear與與sound 8. arri

13、ve, reach與與get to具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P17具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P23 具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P9具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P16 9. give, offer, provide與與supply 10. discover, invent與與create 11. divide與與separate具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P37具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P77 具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P104 12. win與與beat 具體講解詳見本書具體講解詳見本書P36命題點命題點3 連系動詞的用法及辨析連系動詞的用法及辨析(輪考：

14、輪考：9年年4卷卷5考，單選、短文填空考，單選、短文填空) 中考試練中考試練22. TFBOYS songs _ sweet and many of us like listening to them. A. sound B. feel C. taste D. look23. The new sweater I bought for my grandma _ soft. She likes it very much. A. looks B. smells C. tastes D. feelAD24. The meat on the plate _ so delicious. Lets try

15、it together. A. smells B. sounds C. sees D. feels25. What about the blue skirt on the right? I think it will _ nice on you. A. feel B. look C. taste D. soundAB26. There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly. It _ that a typhoon is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looksC 滿分突破滿分突破 分析

16、重慶近分析重慶近9年中考真題可知，連系動詞年中考真題可知，連系動詞在單項選擇中考查在單項選擇中考查3次，在短文填空中考查次，在短文填空中考查2次，次，主要考查感官動詞的用法及辨析。主要考查感官動詞的用法及辨析。 連接主語和表示主語身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)的連接主語和表示主語身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)的動詞，稱為連系動詞。連系動詞本身有詞義，動詞，稱為連系動詞。連系動詞本身有詞義，但不能單獨作謂語。具體分類如下表：但不能單獨作謂語。具體分類如下表：類別類別功能功能 例句例句表示狀態(tài)表示狀態(tài)表示主語所處的狀態(tài)表示主語所處的狀態(tài)(2009年年84題題) be, seem 表示持續(xù)表示持續(xù)表示主語繼續(xù)或保持某種身表示主

17、語繼續(xù)或保持某種身份或狀態(tài)份或狀態(tài) keep, remain， stay, stand, lie 表示感官表示感官表示人體感官的系動詞表示人體感官的系動詞(3考考) look, feel, smell, taste, sound表示狀表示狀態(tài)變化態(tài)變化表示主語從一種狀態(tài)變換表示主語從一種狀態(tài)變換到另一種狀態(tài)到另一種狀態(tài)(2016 A卷卷34題題) become, get, go, grow, turn感官動詞的具體用法詳見本書感官動詞的具體用法詳見本書P15 1. 一般情況下，連系動詞沒有被動語一般情況下，連系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式。態(tài)形式。 2. 表示狀態(tài)的系動詞一般不用于進行表示狀態(tài)的系動詞

18、一般不用于進行時時(feel除外除外)；表示狀態(tài)變化的系動詞可用；表示狀態(tài)變化的系動詞可用于進行時。如：于進行時。如： Its getting warmer and warmer.天氣天氣漸漸變得暖和。漸漸變得暖和。注注 意意第二節(jié)第二節(jié) 動詞短語動詞短語(必考：每卷必考：每卷14道，道，16.5分，單選、完形、完成句子分，單選、完形、完成句子) 中考試練中考試練1. They heard the party was _ because of the exam. A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put downC同一動詞型同一動詞型2. He ate a l

19、ot and did little exercise, so he _ 10 pounds. A. put on B. put away C. put out D. put offA3. Helen is going to work in an Old Peoples Home to help _ the old people. A. look forward to B. look after C. look through D. look at4. What are you going to do during the summer vacation? I am going to _ a n

20、ew hobby like swimming or dancing. A. take off B. take up C. take after D. take inBB5.We planned to meet at 10：30 at the station last Sunday, but Bob didnt _ until 12：00. A. turn up B. give up C. stay up D. grow up6. This food is free. You dont have to _ it. A. look for B. pay for C. ask for D. wait

21、 forAB同一介詞同一介詞/副詞型副詞型7. Jane is very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to _ A. deal with B. keep up with C. agree with D. come up with8. Susan _ her friends invitation because of an important meeting. A. took down B. put down C. turned down D. wrote downAC9. Life is a journey with troub

22、le, but with care and wisdom you can _ any problem you face. A. work out B. hand out C. find out D. put outA10. When will your new book _？ It has not been decided yet. A. find out B. come out C. look up D. set up11. Its getting dark. Would you please _ the light? A. get on B. get off C. turn on D. t

23、urn offBC混合型混合型12. They all _ Laura about building a museum here. A. waited for B. handed in C. agreed with D. knocked at13. I heard Mary was in hospital. How come? Her health _ under the pressure of work. A. broke down B. broke out C. went down D. went outCA14. The boy has a good habit to _ all the

24、 things in right places. A. put away B. put up C. take away D. take up15. When I got to the bus stop, the early bus had left and I had to _ the next one. A. give up B. keep off C. call off D. wait forAD16. 你外出的時候，不要忘了關(guān)窗戶。你外出的時候，不要忘了關(guān)窗戶。 Dont leave the windows open when you _ _17. 當我們開會時，請關(guān)掉你的手機。當我們開

25、會時，請關(guān)掉你的手機。 Please _ _ your mobile phone when we are having a meeting.gooutturnoff18. 如果你努力一些，你就會趕上你的同學如果你努力一些，你就會趕上你的同學 們。們。 If you work harder, youll _ _ with your classmates.19. 人生價值并不取決于你是誰，而是你做什人生價值并不取決于你是誰，而是你做什 么。么。 The value of life does not _ _ who you are, but what you do.catchupdependon 滿

26、分突破滿分突破 分析重慶近分析重慶近9年中考真題可知，在單項選年中考真題可知，在單項選擇中每年都考查擇中每年都考查1道動詞短語，且選項中一般道動詞短語，且選項中一般包含包含2個不同動詞和個不同動詞和2個不同介詞個不同介詞/副詞，在完副詞，在完形填空中僅形填空中僅2016 B卷、卷、2015A、B卷和卷和2014 B卷各考查卷各考查1道，且為不同動詞不同介詞道，且為不同動詞不同介詞/副詞。副詞。完成句子中每年均會考查完成句子中每年均會考查12道根據(jù)漢語提示道根據(jù)漢語提示翻譯動詞短語，且往年考過的來年還有可能考，翻譯動詞短語，且往年考過的來年還有可能考，如如hear from考查過考查過3次。次。

27、look短語短語look after照料，照顧照料，照顧(3考考)；look at看看(2016 B卷44題)；look forward to期盼；期盼；look up查閱，向上看；查閱，向上看；look through瀏瀏覽；覽；look for尋找；尋找；look like看起來像看起來像put短語短語put off推遲推遲(2014 B卷卷72題，題，2009年年37題題)；put on穿上穿上(2013 A卷卷35題題)；put out熄滅，出版；熄滅，出版；put up舉手，張貼，搭舉手，張貼，搭建；建；put away放好，儲存；放好，儲存；put down記記下，鎮(zhèn)壓下，鎮(zhèn)壓同一

28、動詞型同一動詞型turn短語短語turn on打開打開(2016 B卷卷32題，題，2015 B卷卷35題題)；turn down調(diào)小，拒絕；調(diào)小，拒絕；turn to向向求助；求助；turn off關(guān)掉；關(guān)掉；turn up調(diào)大；調(diào)大；turn on打開；打開；turn in上交；上交；turn out結(jié)果結(jié)果是是take短語短語take off(飛機飛機)起飛，脫掉起飛，脫掉(衣服衣服)(2011年年40題題)；take after與與相像；相像；take on呈現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)，承擔；承擔；take out取出；取出；take away帶走；帶走；take up占據(jù)；占據(jù)；take down寫下

29、，記下；寫下，記下；take back取回，撤銷取回，撤銷get短語短語get up起床，起來起床，起來(2015 A卷卷78題，題，2013 B卷卷72題題)；get on/along with與與相處相處(2014 A卷卷38題題)；get over克服；克服；get on上上車；車；get to到達；到達；get back回來；回來；get out出出去；去；get in進入；進入；get away from遠離；遠離；get ready for為為做準備做準備come短語短語come true實現(xiàn)實現(xiàn)(2016 B卷卷78題，題，2015 B卷卷78題題)；come out出現(xiàn)，出版；

30、出現(xiàn)，出版；come on加油，加油，快點；快點；come over突然感到；突然感到；come along出出現(xiàn)，跟隨現(xiàn)，跟隨 give短語短語give up放棄放棄(2014 B卷卷35題題)；give in屈服，屈服，讓步；讓步；give away捐贈；捐贈；give out散發(fā)，分散發(fā)，分發(fā)；發(fā)；give off發(fā)出發(fā)出(光、熱等光、熱等)go短語短語go on繼續(xù)；繼續(xù)；go back回到；回到；go away走開，走開，離開；離開；go by(時間時間)流逝；流逝；go over仔細檢仔細檢查；查；go off熄滅熄滅talk短語短語talk about談論；談論；talk wit

31、h和和交談；交談；talk aloud大聲討論；大聲討論；talk to與與談話談話call短語短語call for要求，需要；要求，需要；call up打電話；打電話；call on拜訪，號召；拜訪，號召；call in召集，召來召集，召來think短語短語 think out仔細考慮，認真盤算；仔細考慮，認真盤算； think about考慮；考慮；think over仔細考仔細考 慮；慮；think of想起想起up短語短語give up放棄放棄(2014 B卷卷35題題)；wake up醒來；醒來；stay up熬夜；熬夜；set up建立；建立；think up想出；想出；clean

32、 up打掃；打掃；pick up 撿起；撿起；cheer up使使高興；高興；grow up長大；長大；bring up提出，撫養(yǎng)；提出，撫養(yǎng)；call up打打電話；電話；put up搭建；搭建；fix up修理修理out短語短語work out算出，解決算出，解決(2014 A卷卷72題題)；find out查明查明(2010年年40題題)；look out小小心；心；hand out分發(fā)；分發(fā)；take out取出，拿取出，拿出；出；come out出版，發(fā)表；出版，發(fā)表；go out出去出去同一介詞同一介詞/ /副詞型副詞型for短語短語wait for等待等待(2011年年70題題)

33、；ask for請求；請求；send for派人去叫；派人去叫；look for尋找；尋找；pay for為為付錢；付錢；care for照顧，照料；照顧，照料；leave for動身去動身去with短語短語 agree with贊同，持相同意見贊同，持相同意見(2015 A卷卷26題，題，2013 A卷卷72題題)；deal with處理，應付；處理，應付；come up with提出，想出提出，想出(主意、回答等主意、回答等)；connect with與與相連；相連；catch up with 趕趕上上(或超過或超過)；share with與與分享分享away短語短語 run away逃跑

34、，跑掉逃跑，跑掉(2016 A卷卷35題，題，2015 B卷卷43題題)；take away拿走；拿走；get away逃離；逃離；put away儲存，放好；儲存，放好；right away立刻，馬上；立刻，馬上；throw away扔掉；扔掉；give away 贈送，分發(fā)贈送，分發(fā)down短語短語 write down寫下，記下寫下，記下(2013 B卷卷37題題)；cut down砍倒；砍倒；look down on輕視，蔑視；輕視，蔑視；turn down調(diào)??；調(diào)小；put down放下；放下；lie down躺下；躺下；take down拆除，記下拆除，記下in短語短語hand i

35、n交上，提交，呈送交上，提交，呈送(2012年年72題題)；take part in參加，參與參加，參與(2008年年71題題)；take in吸入，吞入吸入，吞入(體內(nèi)體內(nèi))；believe in信任，信賴；信任，信賴；come in進來；進來；join in參加，加入；參加，加入；take pride in對對感到自豪感到自豪at短語短語 laugh at嘲笑，取笑嘲笑，取笑(2014 B卷卷44題題)；knock at敲；敲；aim at瞄準，針對，致力于，旨在；瞄準，針對，致力于，旨在；shout at沖沖大聲叫嚷；大聲叫嚷；stare at凝視凝視form短語短語hear from收到收到的來信的來信(3考考)；come from來自；來自；stay away from遠離遠離on短語短語 knock on敲擊；敲擊；decide on決定；決定；depend on依賴，取決于；依賴，取決于；concentrate on專心致志于；專心致志于；put on穿上；穿上；try on試穿；試穿；keep on繼續(xù)繼續(xù)