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1、對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P P186 186 語(yǔ)法歸納歸納語(yǔ)法歸納語(yǔ)法 分類(lèi)詳解分類(lèi)詳解副詞定義:副詞是指可以用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的詞。一、副詞的作用1修飾形容詞作狀語(yǔ)He is terribly sorry for what he has done.The professor spoke highly of the young man.名師提示:以a開(kāi)頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞(alike例外),通常不用very修飾。如:very much afraid;wide awake;fast asleep等2修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)All the students did the job perfectly
2、.名師提示:very不可以修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。I very like English.()I like English very much/a lot.()3修飾副詞作狀語(yǔ)You drive too fast.The boy plays the piano quite well.4修飾句子作狀語(yǔ);有些副詞置于句首作狀語(yǔ)Fortunately,Mike quickly found another job.Happily,this never happened.5作表語(yǔ)My mother isnt in;but my father is upstairs.6個(gè)別副詞作后置定語(yǔ)The men here
3、are all experts.Have you seen the newspaper today?7作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Open the door and let the dog out.He was seen there just now.二、副詞的分類(lèi)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞、全句或名詞詞組及介詞。副詞一般可分為以下幾類(lèi):1時(shí)間副詞,例如:now,usually,often,always2地點(diǎn)副詞,例如:here,there,out,everywhere3方式副詞,例如:hard,well,fast,slowly4程度副詞,例如:very,much,still,almost5疑問(wèn)副詞,例如:ho
4、w,when,why,where6關(guān)系副詞,例如:when,where,why7連接副詞,例如:whether,why,when,how名師提示:(1)以ly結(jié)尾的詞不一定都是副詞,也有形容詞。如:friendly;likely;lonely;silly;manly等(2)有些副詞有兩種形式。一種與其形容詞形式一樣,另一種是在后加ly。二者意義有一定差異或迥然不同。常考的有:close(指實(shí)際距離)closely仔細(xì)地,密切地(抽象概念)wide(指實(shí)際寬度)widely廣泛地(抽象概念)high(指實(shí)際高度)highly高度地(抽象概念)deep(指實(shí)際深度)deeply深深地(抽象概念)f
5、ree(免費(fèi)地)freely自由地hard(努力地)hardly幾乎不most(最)mostly大多數(shù)情況三、副詞的位置1時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞的位置一般放在句尾。如果這兩種副詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中,則把地點(diǎn)副詞放在時(shí)間副詞前面,也可把時(shí)間副詞放在句首。例如:Yesterday they went boating in Zhongshan Park.They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.但表示不確定時(shí)間的副詞通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和to be之后。這些副詞有always,seldom,often,never,rarely等。例如:He
6、 often comes late.We are never late.We should always work hard.2程度副詞一般放在被修飾詞之前(enough例外)。例如:You are old enough to do this.He is very careful.3方式副詞修飾不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)放在被修飾詞之后,修飾及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)放在被修飾的動(dòng)詞之前或賓語(yǔ)之后,如賓語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng),也可把副詞放在動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)之間。例如:He works hard.He speaks English very well.Mr.Wang wrote carefully some letters to his frie
7、nds.4副詞修飾名詞時(shí),一般放在該名詞之后;修飾介詞時(shí)(如well,right,just,soon等),放在該介詞前;副詞修飾全句時(shí),一般放在句首。例如:The person there is looking for you.Theres the house,right in front of you.Truly he will go to Shanghai.四、副詞的特殊用法1倒裝含有否定意義的副詞rarely,seldom,never,little,hardly等位于句首時(shí)。如:Never shall I do it again.here,there,now,then,out,in,up
8、,down,away表位置移動(dòng)的詞主語(yǔ)。如:Here comes the bus.(若主語(yǔ)是代詞,不用倒裝:Here he comes.)Out rushed the boy.(Out he rushed.)2有些副詞也可用作連詞,如:though,immediately,instantly,in case等。Though he is a child,he knows a lot.(though用作連詞)考例:Have you been to New Zealand?No,Id like to,_.Atoo BthoughCyetDeither解析:though用作副詞,常在句末,仍表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
9、。答案:BI dont know if it will rain,but I will take my raincoat,just in case.I will take my raincoat in case it rains.immediately/instantly用作副詞,意思是“立即”;用作連詞,意思是“一就”。3形容詞、副詞的一些固定搭配。如:smoke heavily;depend heavily on;rain/snow heavily;wide awake(非常清醒的);fast/sound asleep(熟睡的);heavy traffic;strong wind;high/low price;large/small number/population等。這就要求同學(xué)們?cè)谄饺諏W(xué)習(xí)時(shí),要留心多積累、歸納并記憶。對(duì)應(yīng)專(zhuān)題對(duì)應(yīng)專(zhuān)題 分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練 溫溫示示提提馨馨