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1、主謂一致主謂一致 當主語后面跟有當主語后面跟有“in, out of, besides, with, along with, together with, including, but, except, like, as well as, no more than, no less than, in addition to rather than + 名詞短語時,謂語動詞應與前面的主語保持一致。名詞短語時,謂語動詞應與前面的主語保持一致。eg:He as well as I wants to go boating.Eg:The teacher together with some studen
2、ts is visiting the factory.Eg: Tom, rather than his brother, is to blame.Eg: The girl like many boys is fond of sports.Eg: Sunshine, no less than water and air, is necessary for plants.Eg: Everyone here, including old people likes reading.Eg:A library with 2000 books is sent to our school.英語中當主語從句,不
3、定式,動名詞作主語時,謂語動詞一般用英語中當主語從句,不定式,動名詞作主語時,謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式單數(shù)形式。Eg:To see is to believe.Eg: Reading English magazines and novels is helpful to us.Eg:How close parents are to their children has a strong effect on the character of the children.集體名詞作主語時,謂語形式要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定。如:class, family, army, team, crew, audienc
4、e, couple, group, company, committee等詞后謂語用復數(shù)形式時,意為這個集體中的各個成員,用單數(shù)時表示該集體(整體的概念)。Eg:His family isnt very large.Eg:His family are music lovers. 單復數(shù)同行的名詞Chinese, Japanese,sheep, deer, fish, means, works(工廠)等作主語時,要注意辨別是單數(shù)還是復數(shù),從而確定動詞的形式。Eg:Most Japanese have traveled abroad.Eg:Live sheep are shipped to Hon
5、g Kong by truck.Eg:A glass works is to be built here.Sheep前無冠詞和限定詞,故為復數(shù)意義。前無冠詞和限定詞,故為復數(shù)意義。當there be句型主語是一系列的事物時,謂語應與其最鄰近的主語保持一致。Eg:There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.Eg:There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.當or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror,
6、notbut, not onlybut also等連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞與鄰近的主語保持一致。如果句子是由here, there,引導,而主語又不止一個時,謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語保持一致。EgNeither Ann nor Jane is from New Zealand.Eg Either you or she is to go.EgHere is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.在下列情況下,名詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù):(1)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù);不可數(shù)名詞;表示量的詞當整體概念。(2)表示時間,距離,金錢,度量,容量,書名等整體概念
7、的名詞作主語時。Eg:In our institute one thousand dollars is given to whoever gains success in science and technology every second year.Eg:Twenty years represents a long period of her life.(3)The number of +復數(shù)名詞作主語時:Eg: The number of the students who took part in the competition was 500, but only a small num
8、ber of them were chosen.分數(shù)和百分數(shù)不能直接跟名詞或代詞,而是后跟“of +冠詞/限定詞+名詞/代詞,其后的謂語動詞與后面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。Eg:Two-fifths of the money was spent on books. “a good (great) many/a large number of +名詞復數(shù)”作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式?!癿any a +單數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)?!癮 great deal of/a large amount of/a large sum of+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Eg:A la
9、rge amount of money is spent on the Hope Project and a good many schools have been set up.“a large quantity of +名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞數(shù)要與名詞的數(shù)保持一致?!發(fā)arge quantities of +名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。Eg:Large quantities of information, as well as some timely help have been offered since the organization was set up.“a/an +名詞單
10、數(shù)+and a half ”作主語時,謂語作動詞常用單數(shù):例句:A year and a half has passed.“one and a half + n.復數(shù)”作主語,謂語v.用復數(shù)?!癿ore than one + n.單數(shù)”作主語時,謂語v.常用單數(shù):例句:More than one person was absent.由and連接的名詞作主語: and連接的兩個名詞作主語時,表示不同的人或事,謂語動詞用復數(shù);指同一個人或物時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Eg:What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students.Eg:The famous writer and poet was invited to give a talk.由noand no, every and every, eachand each, many aand many a等構(gòu)成復合主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式:Eg: Many a desk and many a chair has been taken out of the class-room.Thank you!