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1、第三部分第三部分 題型研析題型研析 高分保障高分保障題型題型 5 5閱讀理解閱讀理解 分析近10年安徽中考題可知，閱讀理解分值為40分，是試卷中分值最多的一題。2015年以前為4篇短文，20個小題，都為選擇型。2015年至今，分兩大塊：4篇選擇型閱讀和1篇任務(wù)型閱讀，共有5篇短文。 閱讀理解題總體難度適中?？疾榈牟牧习_萬象、話題廣泛且貼近考生的學(xué)習(xí)和生活，具有很強的時代氣息。體裁有說明文、詩歌、書信、記敘文、議論文。話題以說明類、跨文化介紹類、人物經(jīng)歷及感受、廣告和海報信息、寓言故事、科技、故事和運動為主。設(shè)題以具體信息理解為主，兼顧主旨大意、推理判斷、猜測詞義等考點，綜合考查學(xué)生對書面材料
2、的理解能力以及從中獲取信息并加以判斷、歸納和綜合的能力。命題將在考查細節(jié)理解的基礎(chǔ)上逐漸注重對文章整體的理解和把握。考生在復(fù)習(xí)時一定要注意閱讀速度、技巧、文化背景常識等方面的積累，以便提升通過文字獲取信息的能力。解題技法解題技法指導(dǎo)指導(dǎo)類型類型 1 1選擇型閱讀理解選擇型閱讀理解 快速閱讀，在考試時才能節(jié)省時間。怎樣才能做到快速閱讀呢？在平時的閱讀訓(xùn)練中，我們可以按照以下幾點來做： 1抓關(guān)鍵句(如名詞、動詞、主謂賓構(gòu)成的簡單句及常見的幾種復(fù)合句)。 2抓首尾句，即中心句，也叫主題句。 3在瀏覽題目的同時，用鉛筆畫出有關(guān)信息來縮小尋找范圍。 4學(xué)會通過閱讀上下文或跳讀來推測詞義。 5最后，要復(fù)讀
3、檢查。答完題后，再重讀一遍短文，以驗證所做的答案。例題精析例題精析 2017安徽中考C篇Dear Sunday Globe， I am writing to tell you about your article Smartphones Make Life Easier in last Sundays newspaper.You did an excellent job explaining the good points of smartphones，but you didnt talk about their bad points at all.So，I hope youll let me
4、 give your readers some advice on smartphone etiquette (禮儀) The first point Id like to address is loudness.When you talk on your smartphone in public，please dont shout.In fact，the microphones in smartphones are very sensitive (靈敏的)So，you can be heard even if you speak quietly. Another point is about
5、 personal space.I dont think it is polite to make calls in small spaces full of people.This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business.Whats worse，it stops many face-to-face conversations from ever beginning. Lastly，doing two things at the same time is dangerous.F
6、or example，making calls while driving is a bad habit.Pay attention to the road! Similarly，when staying with your friends，turn off your smartphone and enjoy their company. Yours truly， Amber Jala1Amber Jala wrote the letter to _Afind a good job Bprovide adviceCmake her life easier Dbuy a smartphone2W
7、hat does the underlined word “address” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A致函 B稱呼 C陳述 D選址3According to Paragraph 3，what makes people around you uncomfortable?ADiscussing face to face.BSpeaking quietly on your phone.CMinding your own business.DCalling in small spaces full of people.4What can we learn from
8、the last paragraph?AIt is dangerous to drive on the road.BIt is easy to start a company with others.CIt is bad to turn off our phones while driving.DIt is important to use our smartphones properly.【主旨大意】 本文是一篇書信應(yīng)用文。信中肯定了智能手機的優(yōu)點，但同時也提出使用智能手機需要注意的三個方面的禮儀。1B細節(jié)理解題。從正文第一段最后一句“So，I hope youll let me give
9、your readers some advice on smartphone etiquette.”可知，Amber Jala寫信的目的是希望給出幾點有關(guān)智能手機禮儀的建議。故選B。2C詞義猜測題。從第二段開始，Amber陳述了三點使用智能手機的建議。由此推知選C。3D細節(jié)理解題。從正文第三段第二、三句中“I dont think it is polite to make calls in small spaces full of people.This makes others uncomfortable.”可知，Amber認為，在人員擁擠的狹小空間打電話是不禮貌的，這使得別人不舒服。故選D
10、。4D總結(jié)歸納題。閱讀最后一段可知，同時做兩件事是危險的，比如開車打電話、與朋友在一起時不關(guān)掉電話等。故最后一段告訴我們要合理使用手機。技法點撥技法點撥 1 1細節(jié)理解題細節(jié)理解題 考查目的：針對文章的細節(jié)設(shè)計，主要考查事實和細節(jié)。 提問方式：Which of the following is right？Which of the following is NOT true in the passage? 技巧點撥：利用題目的關(guān)鍵詞，尋找文中的對應(yīng)詞，在對應(yīng)詞周圍找答案或直接在文中搜索答案。一般不能直接從某句中找到答案，而是需要根據(jù)全文的多個句子或段落得出答案，這時應(yīng)采用排除法來解題。 2 2
11、推理判斷題推理判斷題 考查目的：在理解全文或語段的基礎(chǔ)上推理和判斷文章的意圖和目的。 提問方式： We can guess the writer of the passage may be a _ From the passage / story we can guess _ From the passage / story we can learned that_ 技巧點撥：本題型根據(jù)文中某些詞、句子或段落進行推理或根據(jù)句子的語氣、文章的論調(diào)和傾向進行推斷。讀整篇文章，理解作者意圖，真理不一定是正確答案。事實推斷：這種推斷常常針對某一或幾個具體細節(jié)進行簡單的推斷。進行這種推斷時，要首先在文章
12、中找出依據(jù)推斷的有關(guān)文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行間的含義。邏輯推斷。對作者的意圖和態(tài)度的推斷。 3 3詞義猜測題詞義猜測題 考查目的：本題型主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文正確判斷詞義的能力。 提問方式： The word “.”in the passage probably means “_” The underlined word “It”in the passage means “_” In the passage the underlined word “.” means “_” 技巧點撥：解答這類題目時需要一些猜詞技巧：根據(jù)上下文猜測；根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞猜測；根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測；通過定義或
13、釋義猜測；根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等來猜測；根據(jù)生活常識猜測。此外，對于這類題目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即將備選答案逐一帶入文中，哪一選項能使句子的意思通順、連貫，且與上下文的內(nèi)容一致，就是正確答案。 4 4主旨大意題主旨大意題 考查目的：考查短文或段落的主題、中心和標題。 提問方式： Which is the best title of the passage? This passage mainly talks about _ The passage tells us that_ 技巧點撥：標題歸納題用以考查考生對文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會和理解能力。做此類題要注意：(1)以原文為依據(jù)；(2)只
14、選最適合本篇文章的；(3)注意絕對化的詞；(4)答案要避免以點帶面，以偏概全；(5)文中沒有提到的不要妄自猜測，一切以文章內(nèi)容為準。主旨大意題重點關(guān)注文章的首尾句或段首句尋找主題句或縱觀全文歸納總結(jié)文章的主旨大意。 Passage 1Passage 1 2017舟山中考即時運用即時運用 Have you ever been in a conflict(沖突)？Do you know how to solve it？Conflict resolution is a peaceful way of trying to solve a conflict.Both sides in the confl
15、ict explain what they think happened to cause it.The person who listens to both sides is called the mediator(調(diào)解人) After both sides tell what they think happened to cause the conflict，they discuss ways to solve it.They try to come up with a “resolution” that both sides agree to.They cannot be angry d
16、uring the communication.Everyone should use good listening and 文體 說明文 話題 解決沖突 詞數(shù)348attending skills while talking.If voices get too loud or it appears that someone is angry，the mediator will speak up and have them treat each other with respect.After different suggestions are shared in how to mediate
17、 the conflict，it is time for discussing the best solution(解決辦法) Here is an example of how conflict resolution works step by step in a school playground setting： Someone says a student pushed him on the football field. The person who was accused as the “pusher” says it was actually an accident. The p
18、erson who was pushed gets the mediator. The mediator takes the two persons to a quieter place，away from others to talk. The mediator calms them down and lets them know he understands their feelings. Each person describes what happened. The mediator repeats what he heard，so it is clear to everyone. T
19、he mediator asks for ideas to solve the problem. The two persons offer their own solutions. The two persons have a discussion and come to an agreement. The mediator makes sure the persons follow the solution. The mediator offers praise for solving the problem. Conflict resolution can be used in many
20、 environments.It encourages people to tell what really happened，to share their feelings，and to work together peacefully to solve the problem.It offers people workable steps to reach an agreement with the help of a mediator.1According to the passage，if two students have had a fight，they had better_Ac
21、all the policeBget a mediatorCask parents for ideasDdescribe the fight to teachers2In conflict resolution，the mediators job is to _Adescribe what really happened to both sidesBhelp both sides reach an agreement in a proper wayClisten to both sides and then punish the trouble makerDwrite down what bo
22、th sides have explained in the communicationBB3The underlined words “was_accused” in this passage might mean “_” in Chinese.A被懲罰 B被輕視C被指責(zé) D被否定4The writer gives the example in the passage in order to _Ashow how a mediator works in a football matchBhelp us know the importance of a mediator in daily li
23、feCshow how conflict resolution is used in different environmentsDhelp us clearly understand the workable steps in conflict resolutionCD Passage 2 Passage 2 2016紹興中考 According to a recent study，there are about 70，000 blind children in Indonesia.Among them，60 percent were not born blind.Iyehezkiel Pa
24、rudani is one of them，who lost his eyesight by accident at age six.He now teaches English to blind students at the Pajajaran Special School.Iyehezkiel Parudani says learning English can help blind people feel better about themselves.“By learning English，they can be an English teacher，a translator，an
25、d a tour guide.”Students read using Braille (盲文)To write，they use special tools，too.文體 記敘文話題人物故事 詞數(shù)204 Iyehezkiel Parudani says blind people should not let their physical disability influence their dreams.In 2008，he got a chance to study at the University of Texas.Two years later，he got a masters de
26、gree in course development there. “In the US，if I go to the university to study，everything is availablelike ebooks，Braille books.Here in Indonesia，you know，its difficult to find a reference book in ebook or in Braille.We have to make it ourselves.In the US，I can move wherever I want because everythi
27、ng designed is really accessible for people with blindness. ” Eha Lestari，one of his star students，says learning English has changed her life.She has already traveled to the US with the help of an IndonesiaU.S.program.“I study English because I love English very much.I want to be a translator becaus
28、e I want to go to the other countries and then I want to meet some people from around the world.” Like her classmates，Eha loves to sing.Here，music is part of daily life.Even the students who do not study English can sing some American pop songs，such as Stand By Me，“Stand by me.Please stand，stand by
29、me.Stand by me.” Iyehezkiel Parudani says the song has special meaning to the students.“In our life，we need other persons.You have to stand by me.Without you standing by me，Im meaningless.” 1According to what Iyehezkiel says，learning English can help blind students to_Ahave more chances to get jobs
30、Bvisit Englishspeaking countriesCget a masters degree easilyDread Braille books quicklyA2The underlined word “accessible” in the third paragraph might mean “_”Afun to use Beasy to reach Chard to break Dsafe to choose3From the last two paragraphs，we can infer (推斷) that the students_Asang songs side b
31、y side Bachieved their dreams Chad a meaningless life Dneeded help from others4The best title for the passage may be_AA Blind Girl Learning English BBlind Children Singing Songs CA Blind Man Teaching English DBlind Teachers Living by MeBDCDear Headmaster， Lately our class has become worried about th
32、e environment at the back of the school and we would like to do something to make it more attractive.We have done some research and have come up with a plan.With the help of our parents，we can do most of the work ourselves，but we will need some money for plants and paint.I am writing to ask the scho
33、ol for permission to do this work and to ask if the school could donate $1，000 towards our project.Passage 3 Passage 3 2017徐州中考文體 記敘文 話題學(xué)校建設(shè)建議詞數(shù)293 We would like to turn the empty land at the back of the school into a garden.We would plant trees，grass，flowers and make paths through the garden.It wou
34、ld also attract birds，insects and small animals which students could then study in science classes. We would also like to paint the back wall of the school that faces the new garden.Some of our art classes could then paint a huge picture on it. Lastly，we would like to paint all rubbish bins.At the m
35、oment they look old and the paint is coming off.If we paint them in bright，attractive colours，students might be more likely to use them.We think our plan would greatly improve the back of the school.We have already asked our parents and they have promise to donate one weekend of their time to help u
36、s complete the project. We hope you will give us permission for this project and will be able to donate the $1，000 we need.When we have finished the work，we hope you will join us in a celebration morning tea so that the whole school can thank you. Yours sincerely， Jim White Monitor of Class 1，Grade
37、91This is a letter from a _to a _Astudent；headmasterBstudent；teacherCteacher；headmasterDheadmaster；student2How many things does Jim White ask the school for to complete the project？_AOne.BTwo.CThree. DFour.AB3How much time have the parents promised to help with the work？_AOne morning. BOne day.COne
38、weekend. DOne week.4What is NOT in the plan？_ADoing some painting work.BMaking morning tea every day.CMaking paths through the garden.DGrowing trees，grass and flowers at the back of the school.CB Passage 4Passage 4 2017烏魯木齊中考“Lets go wrestling，Dad！” 摔跤吧，爸爸！is one of the Top 10 movies recently.It tel
39、ls a true story about an Indian man and his two daughters.His names Mahavir.In real life，he is called “the father of Indian women wrestling” because thousands of girls across India have been supposed to take up wrestling with his efforts. A very famous Indian actorAamir Khan，played the role of Mahav
40、ir in the movie.It was an unusual experience for him.Aamir Khan was very serious about 文體 記敘文 話題 人物故事 詞數(shù)299his character and he tried to make this character close to the true story.In order to act well，he needed to put on weight to be very fat and then did sports to be very srong in a short time. Aa
41、mir Khan started to eat a lot every day before making the movie.He ate at least 5 meals a day including much junk food.He became too fat to run quickly. It is simple to be fat but difficult to be strong.Aamir Khan invited many coaches to train him to lose weight and it took him a few months to be st
42、rong.He must eat less food and drink more water.Strength training is also mportant.This kind of physical training is very boring.He had to lift different weights and did it over and over again.Aamir Khan set a goal to himself day by day and the minute he made it，he fell down on the ground and could
43、hardly stand up.In the end，he became the exact person the movie needed. The role he played was very moving and he succeeded at last.As he says，the most important thing in life is not whether you can reach your goal but whether you have made the greatest efforts.1From the passage，what is Aamir Khans
44、job？_AA teacher. BAn actor. CA director.DA coach.2Why is Mahavir called “the father of Indian women wrestling”？_ABecause he is a very famous Indian palyer.BBecause he played a role in the movie “Lets go wrestling，Dad！”CBecause he supported many Indian women to take up wrestling.DBecause he became st
45、rong in a short time.BC3What does the underlined word “Strength” mean in Chinese？_A力量B目標C疲勞D節(jié)食4What is the correct order of the following things about Aamir Khan？_He changed his eating habits and did sports to become strong.He was serious about the character and he needed to make great efforts.To be
46、 fat，he ate lots of food. Finally，he succeeded.A BC DAD5Which of the following is NOT true about Aamir Khan from the passage？_A“Lets go wrestling，Dad！” is a true story about Aamir Khan himself.BHe became very fat at first and then lost weight in a very short time.CIn order to act well，he trained so
47、hard.DHe tried to play a perfect role in the movie.A類型類型 2 2任務(wù)型閱讀理解任務(wù)型閱讀理解 2015年至今安徽中考英語加了回答問題型閱讀題，主要考查特殊疑問句的問答，且答案詞數(shù)有所限定，共有3道小題?？疾榉绞揭约毠?jié)理解題為主，同時可能涉及推理判斷題、主旨大意題、標題歸納題。旨在考查學(xué)生對文章的確切理解能力，用英語進行表述和歸納的能力，也體現(xiàn)出對基礎(chǔ)知識及綜合能力的考查。例題精析例題精析 2017安徽中考E篇閱讀下面短文，并用英語回答問題(請注意每小題后面的詞數(shù)要求)。 There was once an old and deep wel
48、l.People got water by dropping a bucket (木桶)tied to a rope.The rope passed over a wheel just above the well.On the other side of the rope was another bucket. A strong pull brought one bucket to the top while the other down to the water.They always passed each other on the way up and down，but never h
49、ad time to speak. At last，the rope became worn.So a new rope had to be put in its place.While this was being done，the two buckets were left standing together near the well. “What a boring life we have！” said one bucket to the other.“I am quite tired of it.No matter how full we come up，we are always
50、sent down empty.” But the other bucket laughed and said，“What a funny way you have of looking at things! Dont you see that whenever we are sent down empty，we always come up full？” Boys and girls sometimes talk like these two buckets.You may hear one of them say，“Just as we are having a good game，we
51、are made to stop and go to work again.” “Yes，” the other will reply，“but as soon as work is over，we always get to go out and have fun again.” There are two ways of looking at things.If you want to be happy，look at the bright side.1What were the buckets tied to？(不超過10個詞)_2Where did the two buckets ta
52、lk with each other？(不超過10個詞)_3What does the story tell us？(不超過15個詞)_【主旨大意】 本文是一篇記敘文。兩個木桶長年累月在井里上下打水，其中一個木桶感覺非常無聊，它認為它總是滿著上來，空著下去，可另外一個木桶卻不這么認為，它認為它總是空著下去，滿著上來，因此它感覺高興。有時孩子們也有類似的這種想法。這個故事告訴我們：凡事都有兩面性，我們應(yīng)該看到積極陽光的一面。1【解析】 細節(jié)理解題。從第一段第二句“People got water by dropping a bucket tied to a rope.”可知，這兩個木桶被系到一個
53、繩索上面。【答案】 A rope./ They were tied to a rope.2【解析】 細節(jié)理解題。從第三段最后一句“.the two buckets were left standing together near the well.”可知，這兩個木桶在井旁說話。【答案】 Near the well./They talked with each other near the well.3【解析】 主旨大意題。從文章最后一段最后一句“If you want to be happy，look at the bright side.”可知，這個故事告訴我們，如果我們想快樂，那就要看積極
54、陽光的一面?！敬鸢浮?If we want to be happy，we should look at the right side of things.技法點撥技法點撥 1認真審題，問什么答什么，怎么問怎么答?；卮饐栴}類題目，在答題前，首先應(yīng)該快速瀏覽所提問題，然后帶著這個問題，有的放矢地去閱讀文章，獲取與問題有關(guān)的信息。 2答案要簡潔準確。對那些在文章中找不到答案的問題，必須再通讀全文，對獲得的信息進行整理，通篇考慮，才能寫出答案。 3把握好人稱、時態(tài)、語態(tài)，注意問題中的人稱、時態(tài)、語態(tài)與原文是否一致，不一致時要進行相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。 4答完問題后要進行檢查，確保答案在語法、拼寫及標點等方面準確
55、無誤。書寫要工整清晰，準確運用大小寫及標點符號。即時運用即時運用 Pasage 1Pasage 12017長沙中考改編 “May we all blessed with longevity.Though miles apart，we are still able to share the beauty of the moon together(但愿人長久，千里共嬋娟)”，wrote Su Shi，a poet during the Song Dynasty，in his well-know poem to his younger brother Su Zhe. The moon is at i
56、ts brightest on the 15th day of the eight month of the lunar calendar (陰歷)On this day，people celebrate MidAutumn Festival.It has been enjoying great popularity all over the country. In ancient China，that day was a harvest (收獲)festival because crops(莊稼)were harvested during that period.It was a time
57、for relaxation and celebration. Just like Thanksgiving in Western countries，families also try to get together for the MidAutumn Festival in China.Usually，no matter how far away or how busy they are，people will try to return home for the celebration. The Mid-Autumn has its own special food just as ot
58、her traditional Chinese holidays.People eat mooncakes with fillings such as sugar and eggs.The round shape of the cake makes it look like the full moon.The full moon and mooncakes stand for family reunion(團聚) With the beautiful moon up in the sky，people sit together，enjoy the full moon，eat mooncakes
59、 and fruits，share the stories，and express the best wishes for the family members and friends who live afar.1Why was the MidAutumn Festival a harvest festival in ancient China？(不超過10個詞)_2What do the full moon and mooncakes stand for？(不超過3個詞)_3How do people spend the night of the MidAutumn Festival？(L
60、ist at least three activities)(不超過15個詞)_Because crops were harvested during that period.Family reunion.People sit together，eat mooncakes and fruit and share the stories. Passage 2Passage 2 Last month，heads of state from 29 foreign countries came to Beijing to attend the Belt and Road Forum(論壇)for In
61、ternational Cooperation(合作)The main goal of it is to make the countries work together in more areas.It has won the support of more than 130 countries and international groups. As a Chinese student，you must know something about the Silk Road. Long ago，traders brought treasures from the East to the We
62、st.Trips to the East became more favorable when traders found silks and spices(香料)These treasures were not ordinary goods that were easy to get.Many people wanted them and it was a good way to become wealthy. The Silk Road was not a real road.It was a route(路線)between the East and West.It went throu
63、gh China，Turkey，and Greece.Some traders traveled over land and others sailed across the sea.There was danger along both routes. Traders who went over the land used camels and horses.First，the traders crossed the desert.Then，they climbed over mountains.After that，the traders still had hundreds of mil
64、es to go.Bad weather was often a problem.Robbers who stole the silks and spices also caused trouble. Traders who crossed the sea faced some of the same problems.There were storms on the sea.Water and winds could push the boats in the wrong direction.Pirates(海盜)also chased the ships and they stole th
65、e goods and took control of the ships. Over time，the Silk Road changed people in both the East and West.Traders shared stories about faraway lands.They brought back drawings of the places and things they had seen，which helped people learn about new cultures.As a result of the Silk Road，the world see
66、med much smaller.1Whats the main goal of the Belt and Road Forum for the countries？(不超過5個詞)_2Why did the traders travel a long way to the East？(不超過5個詞)_3What was one of the same problems traders over land and across the sea faced？(不超過3個詞)_To make them work together.For silks and spices.(Because they wanted more treasures.)Bad weather.
安徽省中考英語 第三部分 題型研析 高分保障 題型5 閱讀理解課件
