牛津初中英語8B Unit1單元知識點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)

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1、牛津初中英語8B Unit1單元知識點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí) 班級: ____ _學(xué)號: ____ 姓名: ________ 1. used to do sth (過去常常做某事) be used to do sth （被用來做某事） be used to doing sth (習(xí)慣于做某事) ①This building is a department store now. It________a cinema. A.was used to be B.used to be C.is used to doing D.used to be ②Children at the beginning o

2、f last century _______ a lot and ______ themselves greatly even without television A.used to read,enjoying B.used to read,enyjoyed C.were used to reading ,enjoy D.were used to read,enjoying 2.pleasant ,pleased, pleasure ⑴pleasant令人高興的，令人愉快的，作定語，用來修飾事物不能修飾人 ⑵pleased一般作表語，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. be pleased at s

3、th /doing sth Sb. be pleased with sth, sb. be pleased that… ⑶pleasure n.愉快，樂趣 It’s a pleasure to do sth. do sth with pleasure ①It’s _______for me to work with her ②His voice is ________. ③You have had a life of joy, and _________,and success ④I’m very _______that you have decided to come. 3.

4、retrun n. Hong Kong’s return to china v. return sth to sb.=give sth ,back to sb return to sp=go / come back to sp 4.own adj / v. / n. ①This is /his _______house (自已的)=This house is his________ ②他父親有一面大鏡子。（own）______________________________ ③我有一個(gè)自己的電腦（of one’s own）_________________________ ④o

5、n one’s own 獨(dú)立地 他獨(dú)自收集了許多關(guān)于香港的信息. __________________________________________ 5.win ,beat , hit We are sure we can ____them. I’m very pleased when the boys ________the relay race. He was ________ by a falling stone. They ________us at basketball last week . 6.take off ①起飛 (反)land ②脫下 (反)put o

6、n . The plane ________at 7am. ___________your gloves , they are wet. 7.marry v. marry sb /marry sb to sb. get/be married be married to sb . Sally wants to _______ Bob, so she went to the country with him. A, get married B, marry C, marry with D, get married ①他們把女兒嫁給一個(gè)老富翁_______________________

7、_______________________. ②他們結(jié)婚已10年了_____________________________________________________. 8, a bit +adj./ adv. = = a little + adj. / adv. a little + u.n. = = a bit of + u.n. There is _________ (有點(diǎn)) water in the glass. I find the watch a bit expensive. A, much more B, very C, a little D, too 9

8、, 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：構(gòu)成：S+have/has+Vpp 用法：（1）表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與just, yet， ever, never，already, before 連用。 1.Have you ________ been to Beijing? No, _____. 2.I have ______ finished my work.(已經(jīng)). 3.They have ______ left here. (剛剛) 4.I have ______ (從來沒有)met such a man __________. (以前) (2)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開始

9、于過去, 一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 甚至還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去. 常與for , since, so far, in the past/ last +一段時(shí)間, recently 等連用。動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。 come/go –be in/on go out-be out leave – be away begin/start – be on buy – have borrow – keep join – be a member die – be dead catch a cold – have a cold become – be fall asleep – be

10、asleep open – be open get to know – know close-be closed 1.He died twenty years ago. 1) He ___ ____ _____for twenty years. 2) Twenty years ____ ____ _____ he died. 2.Jim came to the city last year. 1)Jim ___ ____ ____the city____one year. 2) ____ one year _____ Jim ____ ____ the city. 3) One ye

11、ar ____ _____ _____ Jim ____ to the city. 3.The exciting film began 5 minutes ago.The exciting film ____ ____ ___ ____ 5minutes ago. （3）have (has) been to sp.曾經(jīng)去過某地，(或多少次)而現(xiàn)在不在某地 have (has) gone to sp. 已經(jīng)去了或正在去某地的路上have (has) been in sp 在某地(多久) 1).The twins are not at home. They _________ the We

12、st Hill Farm. 2).A: Where ________you________? I’m looking for you.B: I _________ the library. 3).---How long ______ his uncle _______ Germany? --- I don’t know. But I know that he __________ there many times. 4).We can’t find Zhang Ming .Where ___ he __? A. does, go B. does, gone C did , gon

13、e D. has , gone 5).Neither you nor Jim ___ to Japan. A have been B. has been C. went D. has gone 6).Where is your mother ? She ___ Shanghai. She won’t be back ___ next week. A. has gone to ,until B. has been to , until C. has been to ,after D. has gone to , after 八年級上冊Units 4--6知識歸納 一、詞

14、語辨析： 1、arrive, get, reach arrive不及物動(dòng)詞，后面要跟in或at。表示到達(dá)大城市或國家時(shí)要用in，而到達(dá)小城市、鄉(xiāng)村、車站等小地方則用at。如: 　　 We arrived in London last week. 我們上周到達(dá)倫敦。 　　 The doctor arrived at the village at last. 醫(yī)生終于到達(dá)了那個(gè)村子。 　　 reach是"獨(dú)行俠"，是及物動(dòng)詞，后面從來不跟介詞，直接跟賓語(地點(diǎn)名詞)就行了。如: 　　 When did you reach the station? 你是什么時(shí)間到達(dá)車站的? 　　 He

15、 reached Nanjing at noon. 他是中午到達(dá)南京的。 　　 get是不及物動(dòng)詞后面要接to再接地點(diǎn)名詞，.當(dāng)“到達(dá)”的地點(diǎn)是副詞時(shí)，就不帶它了。如: 　　 Ann got to the farm at six o‘clock. 安六點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)農(nóng)場. 　　 I got here early in the morning. 我一大早就到這兒了. 　　 注意：如果不指明到達(dá)的地點(diǎn)就不能用get，而要用arrive.如: 　　 When I arrived, they weren‘t there. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí),他們不在那兒. 　 2、sick, ill （1）都可譯為“

16、生病的”。ill只在系動(dòng)詞后作表語： Her mother was ill in bed. She feels ill today. 但sick既可作表語： Her mother was sick / ill in bed. （作表語常是美國英語用法） 也可作定語（即后接名詞）：Jane is taking care of her sick mother. (此處是定語，不可用ill. 原因見下文ill用法) （2）若ill作定語，譯為“壞的，惡劣的”an ill person一個(gè)壞人 sick作表語時(shí)也常譯為“惡心的，想吐的”。 The boy always feels

17、sick when he travels by car. 3、other, another, the other another與the other 和others 與the others都來源于other這個(gè)詞。 其用法是: another泛指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物中沒有確定的另一個(gè)； another+數(shù)字+名詞= 數(shù)字+more+名詞； the other則指已知的兩個(gè)人或兩事物中的另一個(gè)。(one…,the other….) others或 other+ 名詞，泛指“別的人或別的物”； the others指“一定范圍內(nèi)的其余的人或物”。 注意:若強(qiáng)調(diào)確定數(shù)目中的“一(

18、幾)個(gè)”與其余的,用one...the others或“the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 經(jīng)典考例: 1) Shanghai is really a fascinating city and weve decided to stay for ________ two weeks. (2003上海卷) A. another B. other C. the other D. other’s 2) If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay ________ $15.(NMET 2000) A. ano

19、ther B. other C. more D. each 3) One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ________ . (2000京、皖春季卷) A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white 4) Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would like to read ________ stories

20、by writers from ________ countries.(NMET ’97) A. some; any B. other; some C. some; other D. other; other 5) -Have you finished your report yet? -No, I’ll finish in ________ ten minutes.(NMET ’95) A. another B. other C. more D. less KEYS：AACCA 二、形容詞，副詞的比較級、最高級 （一）、規(guī)則變化 1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，例

21、如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest 2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest 3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest 4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest 5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beau

22、tiful-most beautiful （二）、形容詞，副詞等級的用法 A、原級的用法 1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too 例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。 My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。 2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu) (1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+as+形容詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍” 例如，Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。 Tom is

23、twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的二倍。 “甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(倍數(shù))+as+副詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍” 例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。 Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍。 (2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙… 例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 這個(gè)房間不如那個(gè)大。 “甲+助動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+as/so+副詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…

24、 例如，He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那樣慢。 B、比較級的用法 1.可以修飾比較級的詞，much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一點(diǎn)兒　even甚至，still仍然 例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。 Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。 This train runs much faster than that one.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。 She drives st

25、ill more carefully than her husband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認(rèn)真。 2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu) (1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍” 例如，Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。 This room is three times bigger than that one.這個(gè)房間比那個(gè)大三倍。 “甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(倍數(shù))+副詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍” 例如，I got up earlier than my mother this morning.

26、我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。 He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。 (2)“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都……”，含義是“甲最……”。 例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. =The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。

27、 =The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。 =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長江是中國最長的河流。 注意：The Yangtze River is longer than any river in Japan.長江比日本的任何一條河都長。 “甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都……”，含義是“甲最……”。 例如，Mike gets to

28、 school earlier than any other student in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上任何一個(gè)其他的同學(xué)到校都早。 = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上其他的同學(xué)到校都早。 = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.邁克在他們班到校最早。 注意：Mik

29、e gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.邁克比湯姆班上任何一個(gè)學(xué)生到校都早。(邁克和湯姆不是同一個(gè)班) (3)“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+of the two+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。 例如，Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.看那兩個(gè)男孩，我弟弟是兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較高的那個(gè)。 (4)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。 例如，He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來越高了。 Th

30、e flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。 He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認(rèn)真了。 (5)“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。 例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認(rèn)真，犯的錯(cuò)誤越少。 (6)“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，甲o(hù)r乙？” 例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一個(gè)大，地球還是月球？ “特殊疑

31、問詞+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級，甲o(hù)r乙？” 例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？誰畫得比較好，詹妮還是丹尼？ C、最高級常用句型結(jié)構(gòu) (1)“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。 例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/所有學(xué)生當(dāng)中最高的。 This apple is the biggest of the five.這個(gè)蘋果是五個(gè)當(dāng)中最大的。 “主語+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(the)+副詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”

32、表示“……是……中最……的”。 例如，I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得最遠(yuǎn)的。 (2)“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……之一”。 例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大城市之一。 (3)“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。 例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一個(gè)國家最大，中國，巴西還是加

33、拿大？ “特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較 例如，Which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜歡哪一個(gè)季節(jié)，春天，夏天還是秋天？ 八年級上冊Units 7—9 知識歸納 一、詞語辨析： 1、win, beat 二者都有“打贏；取勝”之意，但賓語不同： win后面所接的賓語一般是指一場比賽、一場辯論或一次戰(zhàn)斗等等。如： He came first and won the race．他跑在最前面，贏得了這場比賽。 beat后面所接的往往是比賽、辯論或戰(zhàn)斗

34、的對手，即賓語通常是人。如： The girls' team beat us in the football match．在那場足球比賽中，女子隊(duì)打敗了我們。 I’m sure Jim will win the match. We won the first place in the sports meeting. 我們贏了第一名。 I’m afraid they will beat us. I hope we can beat the boys’ team. (男子隊(duì)，相當(dāng)于人。) 2、join, join in, take part in 1)加入某黨派、某組織或某社會(huì)團(tuán)

35、體，用join，不可用join in。如： ①He will never forget the day when he joined the Party. 他永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了他入黨的那一天。 ②His brother joined the army three years ago. 他哥哥是三年前參軍的。 join還可解釋為“連接”。如： ①The railway joined the two cities. 鐵路把兩個(gè)城市連接起來了。 ②The two clauses are joined by a conjunction. 兩個(gè)分句由一個(gè)連詞連接起來。

36、2)說參加某種活動(dòng)用join in，如說“與其人一起做某事”，則用join sb. in sth. / doing sth. 。如： ①M(fèi)ay I join in the game? 我可以參加這個(gè)游戲嗎？ ②Come and join us in the discussion. 來和我們一起討論吧！ ③We are having supper now.Would you like to join us? 我們正在吃晚飯，你也來和我們一起吃好嗎？ join in多指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)如“球賽、游戲”等，常用于日?？谡Z。如： ①Come along, and join i

37、n the ball game. 快，來參加球賽。 ②Why didn't you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你為什么沒參加座談？ 3)take part in參加(群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等)，往往指參加者持積極態(tài)度．起一份作用。如： ①A great number of students took part in May 4 Movement. 大批學(xué)生參加了五四運(yùn)動(dòng)。 ②We are going to have an English evening. Do you want to take part? 我們準(zhǔn)備舉辦一個(gè)英語晚會(huì)，你想?yún)⒓?/p>

38、嗎？ ③How many of you are going to take part? 你們多少人準(zhǔn)備參加？ ④All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning. 所有的學(xué)生都積極參加了大掃除。 4) attend主要用于參加比較重要的場合與會(huì)議。 He did not attend the meeting yesterday. 昨天他沒有參加會(huì)議。 中考題： ※The VIPs from 21 countries will ___the APEC in Shanghai this autu

39、mn.（2001年上海中考題） A. hold B. take part in C. join D. attend 解析：詞匯的辨析使用很多是約定俗成，不能想當(dāng)然，更不能按照中文意思去硬搬。Hold是舉行的意思，比如hold a meeting，hold a conference。但是這道題不是舉行而是參加的意思，出席會(huì)議按照英文慣用法用attend a meeting，take part in 是指參加大型的活動(dòng)，join是指參加黨政，團(tuán)體，組織，比如入黨，join the party。所以這道題選擇D ※The children planted more trees and f

40、lowers after they _______Greener China. (2003年遼寧省中考題) A.joined B.took part in C.became D.were 解析：本題考查join的用法，join為“參加某一個(gè)組織”；take part in為“參加某一活動(dòng)”。故選A。 3、because, because of because是連詞，其后接句子；because of是復(fù)合介詞，其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、what從句等。如： I didn’t buy it because it was too expensive. 我沒有買是因?yàn)樗F了。 He

41、is here because of you （that）. 他為你（那事）而來這里。 He lost his job because of his age. 由于年齡關(guān)系他失去了工作。 We said nothing about it， because of his wife’s being there. 因?yàn)樗拮釉谀莾海覀儗Υ酥蛔治刺帷? He knew she was crying because of what he had said. 他知道她哭是因?yàn)樗f的話。 注意：because of 之后可接 what 從句，但不能接 that 從句或沒有引導(dǎo)詞的句子。如：

42、 　　他因生病沒有來。 誤：He didn’t come because of he was ill. 誤：He didn’t come because of that he was ill. 正：He didn’t come because he was ill. 正：He didn’t come because of his illness. 比較以下同義句： 　　他離開了這家公司，是因?yàn)槔习逶跁?huì)上講的話。 正：He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting. 正：He le

43、ft the company because of the thing that the boss said at the meeting. 　　我不能因?yàn)橛袀€(gè)家就停止斗爭。 正：I can’t stop fighting because I have a family. 正：I can’t stop fighting because of having a family. 二、被動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)考點(diǎn)例析 A、考查要點(diǎn)： 主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)以及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法。例如： 1. Today Chinese _____by more and m

44、ore people around the world. A. was spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak （2006北京市大綱卷） 2. -What should we do first if we want to develop our village？ -A lot of new roads _____，I think. A. have to build B. must build C. have built D. must be built （2006湖北黃岡） （Key：1. B 2. D） 簡析：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子是由助動(dòng)詞be＋

45、動(dòng)詞的過去分詞這一形式構(gòu)成的。過去分詞永遠(yuǎn)不變，所有的變化即人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，都體現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞be的變化上。 B、特殊情況： （一）在沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，by＋動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者可以省略。 1. I won’t leave my office until my work . A. finish B. will finish C. are finished D. is finished （2006江蘇南通） 簡析：D.動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者很明確，可以省略。 （二）不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰，使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)比較適宜。 2. Dad， the phone is ringing. I guess

46、 either you or Mum_____on the phone. A. is wanted B. are wanted C. wants D. want （2006江蘇宿遷） 簡析：A.不清楚動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 （三）用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的短語動(dòng)詞不可丟掉動(dòng)詞后面的介詞或副詞。 3. Students can’t take magazines out of the reading-room. （改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)） Magazines can’t _____ the reading-room by students. （2006重慶市） 簡析：填be taken out of

47、.take out of為短語動(dòng)詞，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后，不要漏掉out of. （四）帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，常有兩種方法：把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，間接賓語前通常加介詞to或for；或把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，直接賓語不變。 4. My uncle sent me a Christmas present last year.（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)） A Christmas present _____ to me by my uncle last year. （2006重慶市） 簡析：填was sent. C、補(bǔ)充說明： （一）一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1.

48、The village is building a school. I hope it _____ before August this year. A. finishes B. will finish C. is finished D. will be finished （2006江西省大綱卷） 簡析：D.一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為：will/shall＋be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。 （二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 2. China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang _____ Goodwill Ambassadors（親善大使）for Shanghai. A. has been named B. have been named C. has named D. have named （2006江蘇徐州） 簡析：B.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：have/has been＋及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。