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1、全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U（全新版）大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè) Unit 8 Coping With a Educational Problem全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U I. Cultural Notes1. U.C.L.A.: (University of California at Los Angeles) the largest of the eight branches of the University of California. It was established in 1919 and now has about 35,000 students. UCLA is kno
2、wn especially for its film studies.2. The Wealth of Nations: an important work of economic and social theory by Adam Smith (a Scottish philosopher and economist), published in 1776. Its full title was An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. In it he analyzed the relationship
3、between work and the production of a nations wealth. His conclusion was that the best economic situation results from encouraging free enterprise (an economic system in which there is open competition in business and trade, and no government control). This idea has had a great influence on economic
4、theories since and it formed the basis of the economic policies of the Conservative government in Britain in the 1980s.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U Language Study1. run out of: use up or finish a supply of (sth.) Examples: 1) To our disappointment, our car ran out of gas halfway home. 2) When they ran out of foo
5、d, the soldiers set about hunting for more.2. handful: a small number (used as singular noun, followed by of) Examples: 1) Youd better hurry up. A handful of people are already waiting in the hall. 2) I have to give up the plan because only a handful of students are willing to spend the New Years Ev
6、e on campus.3. in amazement: with a feeling of great surprise or disbelief Examples: 1) Aunt Sophia gazed at her picture in amazement: she looked like a teenage girl in it. 2) All the people in the lecture hall stared at him in amazement when he talked loudly with his friend.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U4. upset:
7、 make (sb.) worry or feel unhappy (usu. used in the pattern: be upset by/about) Examples: 1) They are terribly upset by the break-up of their parents marriage. 2) He was upset about the argument he had with his wife.5. ignorant: knowing little or nothing (often used in the phrase: be ignorant of/abo
8、ut) Examples: 1) Some people are ignorant of the facts about global warming. 2) She was ignorant of her husbands illegal activities. Otherwise she would have done everything possible to stop him. ignorance n.6. slice: 1) a part of sth. (followed by of) Examples: a) Fiction takes up a large slice of
9、the publishing market. b) The boss promised that everyone would get a slice of the profits. 2) a thin flat piece cut from sth. (often used with of) Examples: a) Try to eat at least four slices of bread a day. b) Cut the pork into thin slices.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U7. The ability to perform even the simplest
10、 calculations is only a memory among many students I see.: Many students whom I see dont have the ability to perform even the simplest calculations any longer. ability: power or skill to do, make, or think; talent (followed by infinitive to) Examples: We elected him monitor because he had the abilit
11、y to bring out the best in others. He lost the ability to walk after a car accident.8. sum up: give a brief summary (of sth.) Examples: 1) Alice summed up her Christmas holidays in one word: Terrible. 2) My teacher would sum up the main points of the lesson before he ended the class. 3) We discussed
12、 the proposed changes for most of the meeting. The chairman only took a few moments at the end to sum up.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U9. compete with / against: try to be better than (sb. else) (used in the pattern: compete with / against sb. for sth.) Examples: 1) More than 2,300 candidates from 93 political par
13、ties are competing for 486 seats. 2) We are having to compete with three other departments for the fund. 3) They found themselves competing with foreign countries for a share of the market.10. human capital: Here human capital refers to peoples knowledge and skills.11. accumulate: collect, or gather
14、 together, esp. over a period of time Examples: 1) I have accumulated many books over the last few years. 2) While we were away on vacation, a lot of letters accumulated in our mailbox. 全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U12. affect: have an influence onExamples: 1) The 20th century was full of inventions that have affe
15、cted the way we live. 2) More than seven million people have been affected by the drought. 3) The Asian financial crisis didnt affect our national economy.13. function: operate; actExamples: 1) When the camera is functioning properly the green light comes on. 2) Athens functioned as a center of trad
16、e in the thirteenth century.14. idle: lazy; not doing anythingExamples: Most of the men were idle during the depression. She is so idle, we can never get her to do anything.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U15. jam: get stuck Examples: 1) The lock jammed and I couldnt open it. 2) The tape-recorder jammed and the teach
17、er had to read the story to the class by herself. jam n. traffic jams16. break down: stop working; fall, collapse Examples: 1) The elevators in this building are always breaking down. 2) I have accumulated so many dirty clothes since my washing machine broke down last week. 3) Talks between the two
18、countries broke down when the two sides failed to reach an agreement.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U17. drive home: make (sth.) clear so that people understand it (used in the pattern: drive sth. home(to sb.) Examples: 1) We must drive home to them where the difficulties lie. 2) Peter was lazy. His parents tried to
19、 drive home to him the importance of hard work.18. humble: 1) not proud; modest Examples: He thanked us again with a humble smile. Frank strikes me as a very humble person. 2) low in importance, status, or condition Examples: Michael started his career as a humble fisherman. Lacocca rose from humble
20、 beginnings to become boss of Ford.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U19. suggestion: sth. suggested (often followed by of / for / that-clause) Examples: 1) The old man followed the doctors suggestion of a stroll to the river every day. 2) I have lots of suggestions for the parks future. (Note that in the that-clause a
21、fter suggestion the subjunctive mood should be used. Example: They didnt like my suggestion that she share the room with her classmate.)20. portable: light and small enough to be easily carried or moved Examples: 1) Professor Smith always carries a portable computer with him. 2) I still remember tha
22、t my parents bought me a portable radio at my 20th birthday.21. search for: look for Examples: 1) Many planes and ships were sent to search the South Sea for the missing Chinese pilot. 2) The police were searching the yard for clues.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U22. luxury: 1) sth. expensive which is not necessary
23、 but which gives you pleasure (used as a countable noun) Examples: A week by the sea is a luxury they can no longer afford. Houses with swimming pools are still a luxury in many parts of the country. 2) very great comfort, esp. among beautiful and expensive surrounding (used as an uncountable noun)
24、Examples: She was brought up in an atmosphere of luxury and wealth. He took over his fathers company and led a life of luxury. luxurious adj.23. better off: richer than you were before; more comfortable Examples: Todays farmers are better off than they used to be. Its obvious that those who work har
25、d are better off than those who dont.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U24. scared: frightened (often followed by of/to /that-clause) Examples: When she saw a snake on the floor, the lady was too scared to move. I have always been scared of dogs. Alex was scared that his classmates might tell the teacher he broke the w
26、indow.25. wake up: stop sleeping Examples: This morning I woke up with a terrible headache. Stewart woke me up with his coughing.26. . and government offers no services to the working class.: Here services refers to the systems of social security such as health care and provision for the unemployed
27、maintained by the government.27. complex: not simple Examples: 1) The problem was so complex that there would be no easy solution. 2) When I visited Shanghai for the first time I got lost in the rather complex network of roads.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U28. adequate: enough (often followed by infinitive to or f
28、or) Examples: 1) My parents are prepared to offer me an amount of money adequate to purchase an apartment. 2) Her knowledge of English was adequate for the job.29. decline: a gradual decrease in the quality, quantity, or importance of sth. (followed by in) Examples: 1) The first signs of economic de
29、cline became visible in that region. 2) Some people are worried that there will be a great decline in the stock market. (Phrases: in decline / on the decline: gradually decreasing in importance, quality, or power Examples: 1) The birthrate in China is on the decline. 2) He is still one of the worlds
30、 most popular soccer players, but his fame is in decline. 3) Class attendance is in decline recently.)全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U30. acquire: get Examples: Ive managed to acquire a copy of the report. J.P. Getty acquired a fortune in business.31. astonish: surprise very much; amaze Examples: Her devotion to stu
31、dents always astonishes us. Diana astonished her family by winning three competitions in a row.32. swear: make a serious promise about (often followed by infinitive to or that-clause) Examples: The witness swore on the Bible to tell the whole truth and nothing but the truth. He swore that he would n
32、ever lie.33. make a living by: earn money by (doing sth.) Examples: Many farmers in this area make a good living by growing flowers. He makes a living by writing.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U 34. miracle: an amazing or wonderful event, esp. sth. that happens unexpectedly Examples: It is a miracle that no one was
33、killed in the earthquake. It was a miracle that the pilot landed the plane in that snowstorm. 35. faculty: mental and physical abilities Examples: He is 90 years old but still has most of his faculties. It is a myth that the faculty of hearing is greatly increased in blind people.全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)U Key
34、 to Translation Exercise This morning I heard an interesting piece of news over my portable radio: A man of 36 and his son of 10 attend the same class competing with each other for high marks. The story goes / Its like this: The man, Li Wei by name, was too idle to learn anything when young. With little education, with no useful skills, he could hardly earn an adequate living wage. His life experiences drove home to him the point that he had to acquire knowledge before he was able to accumulate wealth. So Li Wei swore that he would go to school with his son, determined to learn.
全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)《綜合教程》第一冊(cè)U課件
