快速成型機設計【含圖紙】

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摘 要 自 20 世紀 80 年代中期以來，快速成型技術的發(fā)展與應用越來越廣 泛和深入， 光固化成型機的需求也越來越大。由此，本論文針對 cps250 型激光 快速成型機的 機械結構進行了設計，包括：1、X-Y 掃描機構；2、Z 軸升降機構； 3、刮刀機構， 并且對其中的部分結構進行了改進。X-Y 方向的平面掃描運動和 刮刀的水平運動由 原來的精密同步帶傳動改成精密滾珠絲杠傳動，使其在行程 較長時不出現(xiàn)抖動，有 利于保證掃描精度，運動穩(wěn)定。采用直線步進電機直接 連接滾珠絲杠，響應更加快 速準確，同時因無中間部件，使機械結構簡單化， 精度較高。 通過對立體激光快速成型機機械結構的設計，使得其運動和傳動更加合理 和平 穩(wěn)，進而使其在生產(chǎn)過程中能夠更好的進行生產(chǎn)。 關鍵詞：快速成型機；掃描機構；快速成型；傳動；結構設計 I ABSTRACT This article specifically for three-dimensional modeling of light-cured structural design of mechanical systems. X-Y scanning normally used to screw drive. Through the motor rotation, with another even reached the screw shaft, through to the X and Y to the two motors of rotation to achieve XY to scan; Z to the table, also by the screw and a rail. Z to the table by the extension units, columns, screw composition, its transmission is through the same motor rotation axis is to pass even reached the screw by screw to achieve the rotation of the table move up or down. Through the three-dimensional modeling of light-cured in the design and mechanical systems, making their campaigns and drive more reasonable and stable, then in the production process so that it can better carry out production. Key word: SLA；Scanning agencies ；Rapid Prototyping；Transmission；Structure design 2 目 錄 摘 要 .............................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................II 第 1 章 緒 論 .................................................................................................1 1.1 快速原型技術簡介 ....................................................................................................1 1.1.1 RPM 的基本構思 ..........................................................................................1 1.1.2 幾種典型的快速成型技術 ............................................................................2 1.1.3 各種成型方法簡介及對比 .............................................................................3 1.2 快速成型精度概述 ....................................................................................................3 1.3 快速成型機 SLA 技術原理 ......................................................................................5 1.4 快速成型機 SLA 國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有技術水平 ..................................................................6 1.5 快速成型機 SLA 應用領域 ......................................................................................6 1.6 本次設計的主要工作 ...............................................................................................7 1.6.1 主要設計工作 ................................................................................................7 1.6.2 設計參數(shù) ........................................................................................................7 1.6.3 設計思路及主要問題 ....................................................................................7 第 2 章 XY 方向設計計算 ................................................................................9 2.1 設計任務 ....................................................................................................................9 2.1.1 設計參數(shù) ........................................................................................................9 2.1.2 方案的分析、比較、論證 ............................................................................9 2.2 脈沖當量和傳動比的確定 .....................................................................................10 2.2.1 脈沖當量的確定 ..........................................................................................10 2.2.2 傳動比的確定 ..............................................................................................10 2.2.3 確定步進電機步距角 ..................................................................................10 2.3 絲杠的選型及計算 .................................................................................................11 2.3.1 計算絲杠受力 ..............................................................................................11 2.3.2 滾珠絲杠螺母副的選型和校核 ..................................................................11 2.4 導軌的選型及計算 .................................................................................................15 2.4.1 初選導軌型號 ..............................................................................................15 2.4.2 計算滾動導軌副的距離額定壽命 ..........................................................16L 3 2.5 步進電機的選擇 .....................................................................................................16 2.5.1 傳動系統(tǒng)等效轉動慣量計算 ......................................................................17 2.5.2 所需轉動力矩計算 ......................................................................................18 2.6 本章小結 .................................................................................................................21 第 3 章 Z 方向設計計算 .................................................................................22 3.1 Z 方向工作臺設計 ..................................................................................................22 3.1.1 設計任務 .......................................................................................................22 3.1.2 設計參數(shù) ......................................................................................................22 3.1.3 方案的分析、比較、論證 ..........................................................................22 3.2 脈沖當量和傳動比的確定 .....................................................................................23 3.2.1 脈沖當量的確定 ..........................................................................................23 3.2.2 傳動比的確定 ..............................................................................................23 3.2.3 確定步進電機步距角 ..................................................................................23 3.3 絲杠的選型及計算 .................................................................................................24 3.3.1 計算絲杠受力 ..............................................................................................24 3.3.2 滾珠絲杠螺母副的選型和校核 ..................................................................24 3.4 步進電機的選擇 .....................................................................................................28 3.4.1 傳動系統(tǒng)等效轉動慣量計算 ......................................................................28 3.4.2 所需轉動力矩計算 ......................................................................................29 3.5 本章小結 ..................................................................................................................31 第 4 章 刮刀系統(tǒng)設計 .....................................................................................32 4.1 刮板的選擇 .............................................................................................................32 4.2 刮板的材料和移動速度對涂層質(zhì)量的影響 .........................................................33 4.3 本章小結 .................................................................................................................34 第 5 章 PLC 控制系統(tǒng) ....................................................................................35 5.1 步進電機的簡介 ......................................................................................................35 5.2 步進電機的工作原理及特性 ..................................................................................35 5.3 PLC 簡單介紹 ..........................................................................................................35 5.3.1 為大量實際應用而開發(fā)的特殊功能 ...........................................................35 5.3.2 網(wǎng)絡和數(shù)據(jù)通信 ...........................................................................................35 5.3.3 其它功能 .......................................................................................................36 4 5.4 控制原則 .................................................................................................................36 5.5 控制方法 ..................................................................................................................36 5.5.1 行程控制 ......................................................................................................36 5.5.2 進給速度控制 ..............................................................................................37 5.5.3 進給方向控制 ..............................................................................................37 5.6 本章小結 .................................................................................................................37 結 論 ...............................................................................................................38 參考文獻 ...........................................................................................................39 致 謝 ...............................................................................................................41