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中原工學院畢業(yè)設計說明書(論文)
摘 要
真空抬包是電解鋁冶煉過程中的一個重要設備，其主要功能是將電解槽中的電解鋁液吸出并倒運至混合爐，是轉(zhuǎn)運鋁水的重要設備。真空抬包能夠?qū)㈦娊獠壑械碾娊怃X液吸出并倒運到混合爐后澆鑄成鋁錠。該設備維護費用低、安全性高、工人勞動強度低等特點，一次可吸取幾個電解槽內(nèi)的鋁液并直接送至混合爐，無需中途轉(zhuǎn)澆包倒運，鋁液熱量損失小。該抬包采用正壓噴射吸鋁，改變了傳統(tǒng)的負壓直接吸鋁，消除了負壓吸鋁對真空系統(tǒng)的危害，由于其可與電解槽共用一個氣源，可省去整套真空系統(tǒng)，減少崗位配置，降低設備維護、檢修費用，節(jié)約運行中的電費開支。
真空抬包采用茶壺式澆包的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，鋁液從包底澆出，熔渣被擋在包內(nèi)，撇渣效果好。減速機是抬包的傾轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)，采用3級蝸輪蝸桿減速機。由于抬包容積的增大，自重及盛鋁量均增大，抬包的傾轉(zhuǎn)力矩增大，手動傾轉(zhuǎn)費力、效率低而且不安全，該減速機在結(jié)構(gòu)形式設計為手動與電動均可，正常操作為電動，手動為檢修和突發(fā)事故時用，手動與電動的切換采用爪式離合器，切換迅速方便，安全可靠。該減速機電動為三級蝸輪蝸桿減速，手動為兩級蝸輪蝸桿減速，減速比大。
關鍵詞：真空抬包、減速機、蝸輪、蝸桿
Abstract
Vacuum Ladle electrolytic aluminum smelting process is important for the equipment, Its main function is to the electrolytic aluminum electrolytic cell fluid aspirated and unlucky to mixed stoves, aluminum water transit is important equipment. Ladle vacuum can be electrolyzer the smelter was sucked out of the mix and unlucky after casting furnace into ingots. The equipment maintenance costs low, safe, low labor intensity characteristics, Several lessons can be a cell of molten aluminum and directly sent mixed furnace without the halfway turn Ladle unlucky. Al small liquid heat loss. Ladle the use of suction pressure spray of aluminum, changed the traditional vacuum suction direct aluminum, Elimination of aluminum suction vacuum system for the harm, because of their shared cell with a gas source. package can be saved vacuum system to reduce the allocation of posts, reducing equipment maintenance, repair costs, saving operation of the electricity bill.
Ladle using vacuum-pouring teapot packet structure, aluminum liquid poured from the underwrite that was blocking the slag ladle, skims good effect. Reducer is Ladle dip turn, used three worm-drive. Ladle volume due to the increase of self-respect and all aluminum volume increased, ladle the tilting torque increases, manual dumping switch effort, inefficient and unsafe, the slowdown in aircraft structure design of the manual and electric may, the normal operation of electric, Manual for Maintenance and use of emergency, manual and electrical switch using a claw-type clutch, switching speedy and convenient, safe and reliable. The electric drive for three worm-slow manual for the two worm-deceleration than decelerating.
Keywords : vacuum ladle, reduction gears, worm gears, Worm
目 錄
前言……………………………………………………………………………………1
1 項目分析……………………………………………………………………………3
1.1 真空抬包系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)有情況………………………………………………………3
1.2 本次設計改進所要解決的問題………………………………………………3
2 真空抬包總體設計方案……………………………………………………………5
3 大速比傾包系統(tǒng)設計………………………………………………………………6
3.1 傾轉(zhuǎn)力矩的分析………………………………………………………………6
3.1.1 空包包體的傾轉(zhuǎn)力矩 …………………………………………………6
3.1.2 余留鋁液的傾轉(zhuǎn)力矩 …………………………………………………7
3.1.3 摩擦力矩 ………………………………………………………………9
3.1.4 結(jié)論分析 ………………………………………………………………9
3.2 減速機構(gòu)的分析………………………………………………………………9
3.2.1 蝸輪蝸桿減速機介紹 …………………………………………………9
3.2.2 傳動比的分配…………………………………………………………11
3.2.3 電動機的選擇…………………………………………………………11
3.2.4 蝸輪蝸桿設計…………………………………………………………11
4 真空抬包工藝參數(shù) ………………………………………………………………21
5 主要部分的設計計算與校核 ……………………………………………………22
5.1 吊鉤處………………………………………………………………………22
5.2 吊臂處………………………………………………………………………22
5.3 吊臂與包體連接處…………………………………………………………23
6 經(jīng)濟性分析 ………………………………………………………………………24
總結(jié) …………………………………………………………………………………25
致謝 …………………………………………………………………………………27
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………………………28
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