（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)十 名詞性從句（含解析）

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1、考點(diǎn)十　名詞性從句 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy． 答案：That　空格處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此用that引導(dǎo)該主語(yǔ)從句。 2．Children should be reminded of ________ they should do in public places． 答案：what　句意：應(yīng)該提醒孩子們?cè)诠矆?chǎng)所應(yīng)該做些什么。所填詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)，意為“……的事情”，故用what。 3．Dick enjo

2、ys painting but he knows the fact ________ he doesn't have what it takes to be a professional． 答案：that　句意：迪克喜歡畫畫，但他知道自己沒(méi)有成為一名專業(yè)畫家所需要的(素質(zhì))。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明fact的具體內(nèi)容。 4．Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly． 答案：whether　根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；根據(jù)句意可判斷，設(shè)空處

3、意為“是否”，其前有介詞on，故填 whether。 5．I lost my cell phone yesterday． Can you tell me ________ I can buy one? 答案：where　where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 6．It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind． 答案：that　it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的從句，從句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that。 7．________ breaks

4、the law will be punished． 答案：Whoever　句意：無(wú)論誰(shuí)違法都將受到懲罰。主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，指人，并且表泛指，故用whoever。 8．She will give ________ needs help a warm support． 答案：whoever　句意：凡是需要幫助的人，她都會(huì)給予熱情的支持。由句意可知，應(yīng)填whoever，在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。 9．I have no idea ________ the girl is doing in her room now． 答案：what　句意：我不知道那個(gè)女孩現(xiàn)在在房間里干什么。由句意可知，應(yīng)填w

5、hat，在同位語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，且意為“……的事情”。 10．________ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions． 答案：What　分析句子成分可知，主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且指事物，因此用what。 11．Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565． 答案：when　句意：土豆被引入歐洲

6、的確切時(shí)間不能確定，但很可能是1565年左右。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，從around 1565判斷，這里指時(shí)間，故填when。 12．It shocked the world ________ the United States withdrew from some major agreements it had been committed to, including the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change and the 2015 Iran Nuclear Deal． 答案：that　句意：令世界震驚的是，美

7、國(guó)退出了它所承諾的一些主要協(xié)議，包括2015年《巴黎氣候變化協(xié)定》和2015年《伊朗核協(xié)議》。此處it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 13．I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I'm not sure ________ to begin． 答案：where　句意：我現(xiàn)在需要幫助！我不得不修理洗手間里一個(gè)正在漏水的管子，但是我不確定從何處著手。此處表示是管子哪里漏水，表示地點(diǎn)，填where。 14．Forty grams of meat per day is ________ p

8、eople should consume in order to stay fit． 答案：what　句意：為了保持健康，人們每天應(yīng)該消耗40克肉。“________ people should consume”是表語(yǔ)從句，該從句中，consume缺少賓語(yǔ)，且表示“所……的東西”，故要用what引導(dǎo)該從句。 15．The famous player tried again and again after each failure． That's ________ he succeeded at last． 答案：why　句意：每次失敗后，這位著名的球員一次又一次地嘗試。那就是為什么他最終

9、成功了(的原因)。be后面的是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，用why引導(dǎo)從句，表示結(jié)果，故填why。 16．The retired engineer is showing ________ the wheelchair climbs stairs, which all the curious visitors want to know． 答案：how　句意：這位退休的工程師正在展示輪椅如何爬樓梯，這是所有有好奇心的游客想知道的。由句意可知，填how，意為“怎么，如何”。這是how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 17．It hasn't been made clear ________ the new under

10、ground line is to be open to traffic． 答案：when　句意：新的地鐵線路何時(shí)開(kāi)放還不清楚。由句意可知，填when。這是when引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，it是形式主語(yǔ)。 18．The problem is ________ sometimes when we are given something on a constant basis, we start to take it for granted and forget to be thankful for what we already have． 答案：that　句意：?jiǎn)栴}是，有時(shí)候當(dāng)我們不斷地被給予某

11、些東西時(shí)，我們就認(rèn)為這是理所當(dāng)然的，從而忘記了要對(duì)我們已經(jīng)擁有的東西應(yīng)該心存感恩。由于從句中成分完整，因此應(yīng)用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)，that在從句中只起連接作用，不作任何成分。 19．Ten percent of life is ________ happens to you and ninety percent is ________ you respond to it． 答案：what; how　句意：生活的百分之十是事件本身，另有百分之九十在于你如何回應(yīng)它。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，happens to you缺少主語(yǔ)，意為“什么事”，因此應(yīng)用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)；第二空也引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)

12、從句，you respond to it成分齊全，因此應(yīng)用how，表方式。 20．After a day's exhausting climb we arrived at ________ we had been told was Garden in the Air． 答案：what　句意：經(jīng)過(guò)一天筋疲力盡的攀爬，我們終于到了那個(gè)被稱為“空中花園”的地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，at為介詞，后面是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，we had been told為插入語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，且在句中意為“……的事物(東西)”，故用what。 21．Sometimes, ________ we show our

13、gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her． 答案：how　句意：有時(shí)我們?nèi)绾伪磉_(dá)對(duì)一個(gè)人的感激之情會(huì)體現(xiàn)在招待他或她的食物種類上。此處用how，表方式，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。 22．It remains to be seen ________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going． 答案：whether　句意：這個(gè)計(jì)劃是否足夠可行來(lái)讓這個(gè)工程繼續(xù)下去，還有待于進(jìn)一步觀察。whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，it是形式主語(yǔ)。

14、 23．Some summer camps can provide you with as many as ten courses, and you are required to choose ________ suits you best． 答案：whichever　句意：一些夏令營(yíng)可以提供多達(dá)10門課程，你可以從中選擇最適合自己的課程。choose后面是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且前句提到范圍即as many as ten courses，故此處表示你最喜歡的任何一門，故填whichever。 24．It is reported that a huge percentage of

15、 bird species are in danger． It's ________ their habitats or homelands are disappearing． 答案：because　句意：據(jù)報(bào)道大部分鳥(niǎo)類正面臨危險(xiǎn)。這是因?yàn)樗鼈兊臈⒌鼗蚣覉@正在消失?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)前后兩句的關(guān)系，空格處表示因果關(guān)系，故使用because。 25．I just wonder ________ it is that all the villagers think highly of him． 答案：why　句意：我就是想知道為什么所有的村民對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)這么高。wonder后面用

16、why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 26．If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ________ you have already filled out on this form． 答案：whatever　句意：如果你留下這個(gè)申請(qǐng)表不填，而去另一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，你將會(huì)丟失你在這個(gè)表格中已填好的任何東西。根據(jù)句意可知，是丟失已經(jīng)填好的表格內(nèi)容，用whatever引導(dǎo)。 27．________ they've managed to get everything finished so quickly

17、is not clear to us． 答案：How　句意：他們是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我們還不清楚。主語(yǔ)從句不缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)，且由managed to get everything finished可知空格處是表示方式，因此填How。 28．A proposal was put forward at the meeting ________ the new cement plant shouldn't be built near the school． 答案：that　句意：一個(gè)建議在會(huì)上被提出來(lái)，新水泥廠不應(yīng)該建在學(xué)校附近。本題考查的是同位語(yǔ)從句，句中的“that

18、the new cement plant shouldn't be built near the school”解釋說(shuō)明名詞proposal。 29．The most exciting moment was ________ I was given the first prize． 答案：when　句意：我最興奮的時(shí)刻是我獲得第一名的時(shí)候。根據(jù)句中的“exciting moment”可知，此處是when引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。 30．They are discussing the problem ________ they should stop investing money in that

19、project． 答案：whether　句意：他們正在討論是否應(yīng)該停止向那個(gè)項(xiàng)目投資的問(wèn)題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格后面是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋前面“problem”的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)句意，缺少表示“是否”的詞，而if不能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，只能填whether。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 1．The fact when he had not said anything surprised me． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：when→that　本句中含有同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明The fac

20、t的內(nèi)容，從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，故引導(dǎo)詞用that。 2．That the fat boy needs is much more practice． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：That→What　is前面的句子是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少needs的賓語(yǔ)，且意為“……的事物(東西)”，因此應(yīng)用what。 3．That we can arrive there on time depends on the weather． ________________

21、________________________________________________________ 答案：That→Whether　句意：我們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里取決于天氣。whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句可置于句首，本句中的主語(yǔ)從句缺乏表示“是否”的連接詞，故將That改為Whether。 4．The reason why she doesn't like me is I make her angry． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：is后加that　is

22、后是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此應(yīng)用that。表語(yǔ)從句中that不能省略?！癟he reason why ．．． is that ．．．”是一固定句型，意為“……的原因是……”。 5．I have been worrying about if I have hurt Mary's feelings． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：if→whether　賓語(yǔ)從句位于介詞之后，表“是否”時(shí)，只能用whether引導(dǎo)，不能用if。 6．That su

23、rprised us most was that Tom should have left without a word． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：That→What　引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且意為“……的事情”，應(yīng)用What。 7．It's no longer a question now that man can land on the moon． __________________________________________________

24、______________________ 答案：that→whether　句意：現(xiàn)在，人類是否能登上月球已經(jīng)不再是一個(gè)問(wèn)題了。句中it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是whether引導(dǎo)的從句。 8．The real reason why I don't have a hobby is because I don't have time． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：because→that　句意：我沒(méi)有愛(ài)好的真正的原因是我沒(méi)時(shí)間。表語(yǔ)從句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因

25、此應(yīng)用that。The reason why ．．． is that ．．． “……的原因是……”。 9．The news they had won the game soon spread over the whole country． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：news后加that　句意：他們贏得比賽的消息很快就傳遍了全國(guó)。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋前面的news 的內(nèi)容，that不能省略。 10．The organizers promise who w

26、ins the first prize a chance to go abroad． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：who→whoever　句意：組織者承諾無(wú)論誰(shuí)獲得一等獎(jiǎng)都會(huì)有出國(guó)的機(jī)會(huì)。在題干中，promise后面跟的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，who指具體的“誰(shuí)”，與題意不符；whoever是“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”之意，相當(dāng)于anyone who，可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，與題意相符。 11．Mary is a humorous and warm-hearted woman

27、and that is because she is a most popular person in her community． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：because→why　句意：瑪麗是一個(gè)很幽默而且很熱心的女人，這就是她為什么會(huì)成為社區(qū)里非常受歡迎的人。that is后引導(dǎo)的句子作is的表語(yǔ)，表結(jié)果，故用why。 12．The question is if they will be able to help us． _________________

28、_______________________________________________________ 答案：if→whether　句意：?jiǎn)栴}是他們是否能幫我們。本句中包含表語(yǔ)從句，if不連接表語(yǔ)從句，故將if改為whether。 13．In the office an electrical engineer is looking through the instructions to know whether the heat system works． ______________________________________________________________

29、__________ 答案：whether→how　句意：辦公室里一名電氣工程師正在瀏覽說(shuō)明書為了弄明白供熱系統(tǒng)是如何工作的。know后是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，連接詞在從句中表示方式。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)將whether改為how。 14．I know nothing about him except he is from the south． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：except后加that　except that是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，連接賓語(yǔ)從句，故在except后加th

30、at。 15．He says the book is very interesting, and all the children love to read it． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：and后加that　動(dòng)詞后接有兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)以及以后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的that不能省略。 名詞性從句(一) 名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句四種。 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類： 連詞：that, whether, i

31、f (在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分)。 連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever等。 連接副詞：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。 注意：that在名詞性從句中不作任何成分，但在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中也不能省略，在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中的that可以省略；that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可以省略；whether和if意為“是否”，在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換使用(注意介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句只能用whethe

32、r引導(dǎo))；在表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句且主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用whether。從句均用陳述語(yǔ)序。 一、主語(yǔ)從句 1．主語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成分的從句。 That_he_passed_the_driving_test made us very happy． Who_will_take_over_the_company has not been decided yet． 2．為了防止一些句子頭重腳輕，通常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 用it作形式主語(yǔ)的常用句型 ①It is＋名詞(a fact, a shame, a pity, good news ．．．) that ．．．

33、 ②It is＋形容詞(true, certain, clear ．．．) that ．．． ③It is＋過(guò)去分詞(said, reported, believed ．．．) that ．．． ④It＋不及物動(dòng)詞(occurs, matters ．．． )＋that從句 It_is_certain_that you will pass the College Entrance Exam． It_is_a_pity_that I missed the party held last night． It_is_reported_that the accident was cause

34、d by carelessness． It_had_never_occurred_to_him_that he might be falling in love with her． 二、賓語(yǔ)從句 1．賓語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分的從句。分為及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句、介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句、形容詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。 Do you know who_has_got_the_first_prize? We are talking about whether_we_admit_students_into_our_club． I am sure I_will_pass_the_exam． 2．it作形式

35、賓語(yǔ)，常用的動(dòng)詞有：find, make, feel, think, consider等。 I find it necessary that_we_do_some_reading_every_day． 3．有些動(dòng)詞不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)從句，需要借助形式賓語(yǔ)it。常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)ike, dislike, hate, love, enjoy, appreciate等。 I hate it when_people_speak_with_their_mouths_full． I would appreciate it if_you_could_stay_for_lunch． 4．在suggest, d

36、emand, insist, order 等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即 (should＋)動(dòng)詞原形。 She suggested that we (should)_not_go there for holiday． 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2017·北京高考)Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival． 答案：whoever　句意：每年，在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上，制作出最漂亮的風(fēng)箏的人會(huì)贏得一份獎(jiǎng)品。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺

37、少主語(yǔ)，且表示“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”，故填whoever。 2．(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ________ she was heading． 答案：where　句意：簡(jiǎn)在綠樹(shù)成蔭的街道上漫無(wú)目的地走著，不知道她要去哪里。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)。 3．(2016·北京高考)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust

38、． 答案：that　句意：雨季最令人愉悅的是人們可以完全不受灰塵的煩擾。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空需要連接詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，連接詞在從句中不作任何成分，也無(wú)任何意義，只起連接作用，故用that引導(dǎo)。 4．(2017·江蘇高考)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge． 答案：what　句意：我們選擇這家賓館是因?yàn)檫@里住一晚上的價(jià)格降到了20美元，這是其過(guò)去要價(jià)的一半。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。從句中缺少charge的賓語(yǔ)且表示“事

39、物”，故用what引導(dǎo)。 5．(2017·天津高考)She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't． 答案：whether/if　句意：她問(wèn)我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館，我承認(rèn)我還沒(méi)有歸還。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意可知，該賓語(yǔ)從句要用whether/if引導(dǎo)，表“是否”。 6．(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant． T

40、here is too much work to do． 答案：that　句意：經(jīng)理提出了一條建議，我們應(yīng)該有個(gè)助手。有太多的工作要做。suggestion后是同位語(yǔ)從句，從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和句意均完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。 7．(2016·北京高考)Your support is important to our work． ________ you can do helps． 答案：Whatever　句意：你的支持對(duì)于我們的工作很重要，不管你做什么都能幫助我們。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空需要連接代詞whatever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)。 8．(2018·北京西城模擬)—Could

41、 you give me some advice on getting a job? —First, find out ________ you like doing best． 答案：what　句意：——你能給我一些有關(guān)找工作的建議嗎？——首先要弄清楚你最喜歡做什么?！癬_______ you like doing best”為賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)(doing的賓語(yǔ))，且設(shè)空處意為“……的事”，故答案為what。 9．(2018·山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體模擬)My mother knew where we were at all times． She knew ________ our

42、 friends were． 答案：who/where　句意：我母親總是知道我們?cè)谀睦?。她知道我們的朋友是誰(shuí)/在哪里。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處在賓語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)，且表示“身份或地點(diǎn)”，故用who或where引導(dǎo)。 10．(2018·河南模擬)I had no idea ________ a stage manager actually did． 答案：what　句意：我不知道舞臺(tái)經(jīng)理實(shí)際做些什么?！癬_______ a stage manager actually did”為賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，且設(shè)空處指“事物”，故用what引導(dǎo)。 11．(2018·青島模擬)The prob

43、lem is ________ we can improve our reading skills in such a short time． 答案：how/whether　句意：?jiǎn)栴}是我們?nèi)绾?是否能在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)提升閱讀技能。根據(jù)句意可知，填how/whether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 12．(2018·安徽聯(lián)考)—It's my treat today． Is there anything particular you would like to have? —________ you choose is fine with me． 答案：Whatever　句意：——今天我請(qǐng)客，你有什

44、么特別想吃的嗎？——無(wú)論你選擇什么對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)都可以?！癬_______ you choose”為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中choose缺賓語(yǔ)，且指“無(wú)論什么”，故用whatever。 13．(2018·天津高考)When I told Sally ________ happened, she covered her mouth, laughing． 答案：what　句意：當(dāng)我告訴薩里發(fā)生了什么事情的時(shí)候，她捂著嘴笑了。what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作told 的賓語(yǔ)。 14．(2018·浙江高考)It's partly true ________ Dickens' style of writing attr

45、acted audiences from all walks of life． 答案：that　句意：這一點(diǎn)部分是真實(shí)的，即狄更斯的寫作風(fēng)格吸引了各行各業(yè)的人們。it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中不作任何成分。 15．(2018·浙江高考)This is ________ there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it． 答案：why　句意：這就是為什么有這樣的一種說(shuō)法，求忙人才能做成事。此處why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 16．(2018·江蘇高考)_______

46、_ starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school． 答案：What　句意：開(kāi)始中學(xué)生玩這些應(yīng)用程序只是因?yàn)樗鼈冇腥?，后?lái)它們變成了一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)社交互動(dòng)中的巨大壓力。what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。 17．(2018·全國(guó)高考作業(yè)幫高考預(yù)測(cè)卷)One of my favorite sports-related memories was ________ I was at the basketball team i

47、n high school． 答案：when　句意：我最喜歡的與體育有關(guān)的記憶之一就是我高中參加籃球隊(duì)的時(shí)候。由句中的memories可知，應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 18．(2018·四川綿陽(yáng)高三考前模擬)What is concerning us greatly is ________the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free． 答案：when/whether　句意：我們非常關(guān)心的是昨天在那個(gè)地區(qū)被搶劫的工人們什么時(shí)候/是否會(huì)被釋放。此處缺表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞且從句中不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，故可用when/whethe

48、r。 19．(2018·安徽省皖南八校高三聯(lián)考)The practical suggestion came from the representatives________ the new rule be adopted． 答案：that　句意：來(lái)自代表們的切實(shí)可行的建議是：這項(xiàng)新規(guī)定應(yīng)該被采納。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明suggestion的內(nèi)容，而該從句意思非常完整，所以要用that引導(dǎo)。 20．(2018·長(zhǎng)春市高三二模)________ is the most important to him is not his job, but his family． 答案：

49、What　句意： 對(duì)于他來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的不是他的工作而是他的家庭。此處what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。 21．(2019·廈門一中高三模擬)His success in digital field proved ________ it took to be a best CEO． 答案：what　句意：他在數(shù)字領(lǐng)域的成功證明了要想成為最好的CEO所需要的條件。proved后接賓語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)閺木渲衪ook缺賓語(yǔ)，且該賓語(yǔ)意為“……的事物(東西)”，填what。 22．(2019·河北省保定市月考)Built over 2,200 years ago in ________

50、is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used today． 答案：what　句意：2,200多年前在現(xiàn)在的中國(guó)西南部的四川省，建造的這個(gè)驚人的工程至今仍在使用。what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。 23．(2019·廣東省五校高三聯(lián)考)In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is ________ you don't speak at all．

51、答案：when　句意：在日本，人們公認(rèn)最好的交流是當(dāng)你什么也不說(shuō)時(shí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處填when引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 24．(2018·北京高考)Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now． 答案：where　句意： 如果沒(méi)有他的支持，我們不可能取得現(xiàn)在的成就。分析句子是一個(gè)含蓄條件句，without引導(dǎo)條件，主句中是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，where we are指我們所處的現(xiàn)狀，是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句。 25．(2018·北京高考)This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face

52、 difficulties and hope for the best． 答案：what　句意：這是我父親已經(jīng)教給我的東西：總是勇敢地面對(duì)困難并且抱最好的希望。what引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少taught的賓語(yǔ)，故填what。 26．(2018·天津高考)The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race． 答案：whoever　句意：無(wú)論誰(shuí)獲得自行車比賽第一名，金牌將授予他。分析句子可知，賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故用whoever，表示“任何人，無(wú)論誰(shuí)”。 27．(2018

53、·江蘇高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived． 答案：how　句意：乘船是到達(dá)這里唯一的途徑，這就是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_(dá)的。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，is后面為表語(yǔ)從句。這里用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“如何”。 28．(2019·河北曲周縣一中高三模擬)I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had money． 答案：what　句意：我想自己創(chuàng)業(yè)，那是我有錢后要做的事。此處引

54、導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)，意為“……的事情”。故用what。 29．(2018·天津高考)The possibility ________ there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space． 答案：that　此處that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明possibility的內(nèi)容。 30．(2019·海南儋州一中高三統(tǒng)測(cè))Today, people still come and go—to see ________

55、 the Canadian gold rush happened． 答案：where　句意：如今，人們?nèi)匀粊?lái)往這里看加拿大的淘金熱在哪里發(fā)生的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)But sometimes we're not aware what cheaply we can make this food ourselves． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→how　句意：但是有的時(shí)候我們

56、意識(shí)不到我們自己可以使得這種食物多么地便宜。此處修飾cheaply。用副詞how。 2．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)The general rule is what mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→that　句意：通常的規(guī)則是氣候溫暖的地區(qū)語(yǔ)言種類少，而說(shuō)這些語(yǔ)言的人人數(shù)較多。that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中不作任何成分，而wh

57、at作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。本句不缺少成分，故將what改為that。 3．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whenever is ahead of you for the day． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：whenever→whatever　句意：鍛煉使得你更加清醒并且隨時(shí)做好處理你所面臨的困難的準(zhǔn)備。handle后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，而whenever作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，

58、故將whenever改為whatever。 4．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)That is only evidence which traditions once existed． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→that　句意：這是唯一的證據(jù)證明傳統(tǒng)曾經(jīng)存在過(guò)。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，介紹前面的evidence的內(nèi)容。 5．(2018·北京高考)It's hard to predict why driverless cars will be everywhe

59、re on our roads． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：why→when　句意：很難預(yù)測(cè)什么時(shí)候無(wú)人駕駛汽車會(huì)行駛在我們的道路上。when引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 6．(2018·河南六市高三聯(lián)考)The tour pal lost his way in the mountain; that made things worse was that it began to rain． ______________________________________

60、__________________________________ 答案：第一個(gè)that→what　句意：這個(gè)驢友在山里迷路了，更糟糕的是開(kāi)始下雨了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句包含兩個(gè)并列分句。而第二個(gè)分句的主語(yǔ)為what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，what在主語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。 7．(2018·湖北四地高三聯(lián)考)Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion on if people should keep pets at home in cities． ________________________________

61、________________________________________ 答案：if→whether　if和whether都可以表示“是否”，但是介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句只能用whether引導(dǎo)，因此將if改成whether。 8．(2018·河南焦作模擬)After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→what　句意：

62、到達(dá)學(xué)校后，我和一些同學(xué)討論我們能做點(diǎn)什么。本句中含有賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中缺少do的賓語(yǔ)，且表示“事物”，故用what引導(dǎo)。 9．(2019·江蘇質(zhì)檢)The hope he may recover is not gone yet． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：hope后加that　本句中含有同位語(yǔ)從句，其中連接詞that不能省略。 10．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I

63、 live． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→where　句意：我的叔叔是我住處附近的一家餐館的老板。賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)。 11．(2018·山西四校聯(lián)考)What I believe it's the best way to get close to nature． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉What　

64、I believe后為省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句，what為多余成分。 12．(2019·唐山模擬)I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→which　句意：我不知道該買哪一本，因?yàn)檫@些書對(duì)我都有用。which指“哪一本”符合句意。 13．(2018·浙江質(zhì)檢)You want to know that everything

65、 is going in our school． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→how　know后的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少方式狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用how。 14．(2018·河南八市聯(lián)考)In our life, we often regret what we did and which we couldn't do． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：w

66、hich→what　what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，此處意為“……的事情”，在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)。 15．(2019·河北調(diào)研)The question that who should do the job requires consideration． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉that　the question后為同位語(yǔ)從句，這個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句是由who引導(dǎo)的，that為多余的連接詞。 名詞性從句(二) 三、表語(yǔ)從句 1．表語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成分的從句。通常位于be動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞look, seem等之后。 The problem is when_we_can_get_a_pay_rise． That is what_I_want_to_tell_you． 2．表語(yǔ)從句可以用as if/though 引導(dǎo)，意為“好像……”。 It looks as_if it is going to rain． 3．because引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)原因