（全國卷）2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Great scientists課時作業(yè) 新人教版必修5

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1、 Unit 1 Great scientists Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A My dearest son and daughter， The story of New Jersey high school student Rachel Canning suing her parents for child support and high school education inspired me to write you a little letter.Let me just put this out there：the only way I expect to see you in a

2、court is as a lawyer or a judge. There are two things about this case that seem to be disaster. First，it's natural for parents and children to argue.I can guarantee that we will disagree.One or both of you will，at some point，scream at the top of your voice the various ways you hate me.And I won't

3、always like you，either.But I will always love you and do everything I can to keep your best interests as my focus，even when I'm so angry.We are family.That means we are as much a part of one another as the flesh，blood and bones in our body.And we all should think about it very deeply instead of brea

4、king that bond. Second，to be honest，no matter how far apart we are on your life choices，your father and I will most certainly pay everything we can for your higher education.But that doesn't mean you deserve it.To be clear，that is a privilege we happily extend(給予) to you—not a right you are born wi

5、th.And you will have to work hard to earn that privilege.Growing up is hard work. If I do my job properly as your mother—and you do yours as my children—you would sooner get a job or two，and find a way to make your dreams come true rather than go to trial over what you think you are entitled to. L

6、ove always， Mom [語篇解讀]　本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一位媽媽寫給她孩子的信。作者告訴孩子：一方面她很愛他們，會盡全力照顧他們；另一方面，家長支付孩子教育費用并非理所當(dāng)然，還需孩子自己努力獲得。 1．The mother writes this letter because she wants her children to . A．be prepared for education B．learn a lesson from the case C．take up the legal profession D．remember Rachel Ca

7、nning 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“The story of New Jersey high school student Rachel Canning suing her parents for child support and high school education inspired me to write you a little letter.”可知媽媽寫信的目的是想讓孩子從此案例中得到啟示，故選B項。 答案：B 2．When in disagreement，the mother expects her children not to . A．guar

8、antee anything B．scream out their anger C．break the family bond D．forget their best interests 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，父母和孩子意見不一致是很正常的，根據(jù)此段最后一句可知出現(xiàn)矛盾時，父母希望孩子不要破壞家庭成員之間的紐帶，故選C項。 答案：C 3．The mother thinks of parents' paying for their children's higher education as . A．a(chǎn) way in which children

9、realize their dreams B．a(chǎn) test of whether parents love their children C．a(chǎn) privilege that children should earn D．a(chǎn) right that parents are born with 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“To be clear，that is a privilege we happily extend(給予) to you—not a right you are born with.”可看出，這個媽媽認(rèn)為父母支付孩子的教育費用是父母樂意給予孩子的特權(quán)，但并非孩子生來

10、就有的，而是需要孩子自己努力去獲得。故選C項。 答案：C B Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time.She fought for women's rights long before it became a popular issue. Susan was born on February 15,1820，in Adams，Massachusetts.At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a marrie

11、d woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote. At the age of 15，Susan became a schoolteacher.She taught for 15 years.Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.She helped gain better educ

12、ational rights for women.She helped give married women possession of their earnings. After the Civil War，Susan became very involved in the Women's Suffrage Movement.After years of lecturing，writing，and appealing by Susan and other women，some parts of the United States changed their laws to give wom

13、en the right to vote.The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision.It was not until 1920 that the U．S.Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights. Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame

14、 for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin.It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar. [語篇解讀]　本文主要介紹了美國歷史上著名的女權(quán)運動領(lǐng)袖蘇珊·布勞內(nèi)爾·安東尼。她努力為婦女爭取了財產(chǎn)權(quán)和投票權(quán)等權(quán)利。 4．What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born? A．They had l

15、ow social status. B．They could vote after getting married. C．They managed money for their husbands. D．They were responsible for decisionmaking. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decision

16、s regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.”可知，在那時，女性沒有什么權(quán)利，地位是低下的，故A項正確。B、C和D項均與此表述不符。 答案：A 5．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．Susan's teaching experiences. B．Susan's educational background. C．Susan's efforts to abolish slavery. D．Susan's fighting for women'

17、s causes. 解析：段落大意題。通讀第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要講述Susan Brownell Anthony為爭取女權(quán)而斗爭的情況，故D項正確。 答案：D 6．What does the word “decision”in the fourth paragraph refer to? A．Promoting the social movement. B．Changing the U．S.Consti

18、tution. C．Giving women voting rights. D．Uniting other areas and states. 解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美國一些地區(qū)修改了法律，給了婦女投票權(quán)；結(jié)合該段第三、四句“The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gr

19、adually followed Wyoming's decision”可以判斷，畫線詞指代“給婦女投票權(quán)”這一決定，故C項正確。 答案：C 7．What may be the best title for the text? A．The first American woman to invent coins B．The problem of women's rights in the U．S. C．The most popular women organizations D．A pioneer in fighting for women's rights 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通

20、讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國歷史上著名的女權(quán)運動領(lǐng)袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她為婦女爭取了財產(chǎn)權(quán)和投票權(quán)等權(quán)利。據(jù)此可知D項最適合做文章標(biāo)題。 答案：D Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 How to run international meetings As more of us do business across cultures，it's best to prepare ahead of time before heading to the meeting table.Here are four rules for different countries. Stick

21、to the schedule. Where：Germany, Austria, Japan We've all been to meetings that have a loose agenda，if any at all.They don't start on time and they seem to repeat.　1　Japanese are more likely to create a detailed agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting.　2　Meetings that

22、 run long in Germany are often taken to mean that the parties are not communicating efficiently. 　3　 Where：China，Malaysia, Singapore Debating a topic can go against the traditional Chinese concept of “saving face”，which means avoiding any mistakes or actions that could bring embarrassment.Laughin

23、g at even an obviously amusing answer or pointing out a potential mistake can spoil the entire meeting. Enjoy the interruptions. Where：Italy，F(xiàn)rance，Spain When Pascal Soboll meets with clients in Italy or Spain，he's no longer offended if they leave early or arrive late.Rather than attend the entir

24、e threehour meeting，he has learned that his colleagues there—and in some parts of France—attend based on their own timetable. 　4　 Rather than expect people to sit through his entire presentation，he makes it easier for them to turn up as needed. Please，no small talk. Where：Finland，Sweden In plac

25、es like Finland and Sweden，where nonmeeting related discussions like chat about the weather can be regarded as a way to be off a formallyset agenda and as a waste of other people's time. In some countries，including Finland，there are long pauses in the conversation.　5　These breaks are used as a wa

26、y to process what the other person is saying without interrupting. A．Not so in these countries. B．Germans and Austrians are similar. C．Don't even think about a brainstorm. D．There's often no way to tell how things are going. E．Don't try to fill them，though，with small talk or anything else. F．W

27、hat do the long silences，idle chitchat and serious faces really mean in context? G．For Soboll，that means changing his own Germanbased expectations of client behaviour. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在不同國家如何成功地召開會議。 1．解析：空處前兩句介紹了常見的會議情況：時間安排松散，開會不準(zhǔn)時，總是重復(fù)；結(jié)合空后的“Japanese are more likely to create a detailed

28、 agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting.”可知，日本人注意會議的細(xì)節(jié)，并在數(shù)天前就做好準(zhǔn)備。據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承上啟下，說明并非所有的國家在開會時都會出現(xiàn)上述的情況：時間安排松散，開會不準(zhǔn)時，總是重復(fù)。故A項正確。 答案：A 2．解析：根據(jù)該部分中的“Where：Germany，Austria，Japan”可知，該部分主要介紹德國、奧地利和日本的開會習(xí)慣；空前一句已經(jīng)介紹了日本的情況，結(jié)合空后一句“Meetings that run long in Germany are often..

29、. efficiently.”可知，空處及下一句介紹德國和奧地利的開會習(xí)慣。故B項正確。 答案：B 3．解析：根據(jù)空處位置可知，空處為該部分標(biāo)題，是該部分的主旨；通讀該部分可知，該部分第一句介紹了在中國開會應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真討論，以防發(fā)生尷尬的事情，第二句介紹在開會時不要嘲笑有趣的答案或指出潛在的錯誤；據(jù)此可知，該部分主要介紹要嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真地討論會議議題，就事論事，不需要在開會前有什么“頭腦風(fēng)暴”。故C項正確。 答案：C 4．解析：根據(jù)上文中的“When Pascal Soboll”和“Rather than...attend based on their own timetable.”以及空后一句

30、可知，意大利人、法國人和西班牙人開會很隨意，G項中的“Soboll”與該處相對應(yīng)。故G項正確。 答案：G 5．解析：根據(jù)該部分標(biāo)題“Please，no small talk.”和空前的“there are long pauses in the conversation”可知，E項中的“them”與“l(fā)ong pauses”對應(yīng)。故E項正確。 答案：E Ⅲ.語法填空 Can knots (結(jié)) be a form of art? It is in China.They have a long history and a 1. (culture) meaning

31、 even today. A Chinese knot is 2. is woven (編) from a single length of rope to be a variety of shapes.Each shape has 3. (it) own meaning，and Chinese knots are usually woven in the red color，which indicates good fortune. Originally，people may have made them 4. (re

32、cord)information and convey messages before they started to write.It is known that they 5. (intend) for artistic decoration and to express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.The Tang Empire was a large one that covered most of the 6. (region) of modern China，and succeedin

33、g generations carried on 7. traditional art form as part of their culture. Now，some people use knots when they dress 8. traditional Chinese clothing.They are a means of 9. (fasten) traditional clothes instead of buttons. And silk is most 10. (wide)

34、used to make these clothing knots. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了中國結(jié)的歷史、工藝、用途以及它的內(nèi)涵寓意。 1．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。它們有悠久的歷史，甚至今天也有文化意義。根據(jù)空前的“a”和空后的“meaning”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語來修飾后面的名詞。 答案：cultural 2．解析：考查表語從句。中國結(jié)是用一段繩子編成的東西，有各種各樣的形狀。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)表語從句，且在從句中作主語，表示“……的東西”，故用what。 答案：what 3．解析：考查代詞。每個形狀都有它自己的意義。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形

35、容詞性物主代詞，故填its。 答案：its 4．解析：考查非謂語動詞。起初，人們可能制作它們以記錄信息和傳遞消息。這里是目的狀語，應(yīng)用動詞不定式，故填to record。 答案：to record 5．解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。眾所周知，在唐朝，它們被用于藝術(shù)裝飾，被用來表達想法和情感。此處描述的是唐朝的情況，應(yīng)用一般過去時；又they(指中國結(jié))與intend之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填were intended。 答案：were intended 6．解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。唐朝疆域很大，覆蓋著現(xiàn)在中國的大部分區(qū)域。根據(jù)空前的“most of”及region是可數(shù)名詞可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。 答案：regions 7．解析：考查冠詞。此處特指上文提到的中國結(jié)這種傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式，故填定冠詞the。 答案：the 8．解析：考查介詞。dress in...“穿……衣服”為固定搭配。 答案：in 9．解析：考查非謂語動詞。它們是一種固定傳統(tǒng)服裝的方式。空處位于介詞of之后，故應(yīng)用動名詞形式作賓語。 答案：fastening 10．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾used，表示“廣泛地，普遍地”，因此應(yīng)用副詞widely。 答案：widely 7