2019版高考英語(yǔ)一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練 Unit 5 Music（含解析）新人教版必修2

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1、 Music 李仕才 ***閱讀理解。 If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news---if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people. John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limi

2、ted what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice. Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.

3、 The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves. The researchers

4、 say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cell’s energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continu

5、e producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.” Price said, “ribosome is a very complex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When

6、tires wear out,” he explained, “you don’t throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.” “Food,” he said, “isn’t just material to be burned---it’s a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bo

7、dies age. And this may “help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.” 1.What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study? A. They can keep healthy easily B. They need more energy to be active C. They can look younger than they are D. They will live a longer life l

8、ike humans 2.What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories? A. They will completely break down B. They make proteins in the cells slowly C. They will produce high quality proteins more D. They may need more time to repair themselves 3.Price explained the ribosomes’ role of repairin

9、g themselves by _________. A. telling a story B. listing basic data C. making comparisons D. experimenting on mice 4.What does the text mainly deal with? A. Food decides how long you live B. Can you slow down your aging process? C. Eating less may help you live longer D. Should your d

10、iet be reduced for your health? 【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過研究實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)：吃的少會(huì)使你長(zhǎng)壽。 1.A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.的提示可知他們能夠很容易保持健康，故選A。 2.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中The researchers found that fewer calo

11、ries slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes.的提示可知它們會(huì)在細(xì)胞中緩慢地產(chǎn)生蛋白質(zhì)，故選B。 4.C 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段首句If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news的提示可知這片名文章的主旨是吃的少會(huì)使你長(zhǎng)壽，故選C。 ***語(yǔ)法填空。 A recent survey shows that storytelling ranks before television or

12、 video games among pastimes (消遣) for kids. The survey was carried out among 500 children aged 3—4 in Britain, of __1__over three-quarters said they wished their parents could read to them more often. Almost two-thirds of the kids said reading a story with their parents helped them sleep __2__(well)

13、and more easily. According to the survey, there are two ways for parents __3__ (become) good storytellers. They can use __4__ (fun) voices to show different characters in a story. They can also make their own special sounds to keep the story __5__(interest) and attractive. When Mom and Dad aren't

14、at hand, over 30% of kids would like to hear __6__bedtime story from famous people like Harry Potter star Daniel Radcliffe. Other movie stars like Zac Efron, Miley Cyrus and Emma Watson __7__(welcome) by children, too. “__8__can be very difficult for parents to find the time to read with their chi

15、ldren. But these moments can help build close relationship __9__parents and children, and also can play an important part in their child's __10__ (develop)，” said child psychologist Woolfson. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________

16、　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，孩子對(duì)聽故事的興趣要大于看電視或者玩視頻游戲。文章通過一些數(shù)據(jù)告訴人們孩子喜歡聽故事，同時(shí)，父母和孩子一起讀故事也可以讓他們之間建立更親密的關(guān)系。 1．whom　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是在英國(guó)500個(gè)3至4歲的孩子中間進(jìn)行的，其中超過四分之三的孩子說(shuō)，他們希望父母能經(jīng)常給他們讀故事。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號(hào)后的句子是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明先行詞500 children，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，且指代先行詞，故用whom來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 2．better　考查副詞的比較級(jí)。句意：差不多有三分之二的孩子說(shuō)，跟父

17、母一起讀故事能幫助他們睡得更香、更易入睡。根據(jù)下文中的比較級(jí)more easily可以推斷，設(shè)空處也用比較級(jí)。故填better。 3．to become　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：根據(jù)這項(xiàng)調(diào)查，有兩個(gè)讓父母成為講故事好手的方法?！癟here be＋n.＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，表示將要發(fā)生的事。根據(jù)句意可知，此處填動(dòng)詞不定式to become。 4．funny　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：他們可以用一些有趣的聲音來(lái)表現(xiàn)故事中不同的角色。修飾名詞用形容詞形式。故填名詞fun的形容詞形式funny，意為“有趣的”。 5．interesting　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：他們也可以用自

18、己特有的聲音使故事有趣，有吸引力。在“keep sth.＋adj.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞作賓補(bǔ)；并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)相同詞性的成分，故此處用形容詞interesting “有趣的”，修飾物。 6．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)父母不在身邊時(shí)，超過30%的孩子喜歡從一些名人那里聽到睡前故事，比如《哈利·波特》的主角丹尼爾·拉德克利夫。根據(jù)句意可知，這里泛指一個(gè)故事，故填不定冠詞a。 7．a(chǎn)re welcomed　考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：其他的電影明星像扎克·埃弗龍、米利·賽勒斯和?，敗の稚采钍芎⒆觽兿矚g。主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞stars，且動(dòng)詞welcome與主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填被動(dòng)形式are w

19、elcomed。 8．It　考查代詞。句意：父母很難找到時(shí)間和孩子們一起讀故事?！癐t is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it是形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)是真正的主語(yǔ)。故填代詞It。 9．between　考查介詞。句意：但是這些時(shí)刻有助于父母與子女建立親密的關(guān)系，同時(shí)對(duì)孩子的發(fā)展也很重要。between ... and ... 為固定搭配，意為“在……和……之間”。 10．development　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。名詞所有格后接名詞形式。故填動(dòng)詞develop的名詞形式development “發(fā)展”。 ***完形填空。 When I was just ou

20、t of college，I managed to get my dream job as a trader in New York City on the floor of the American Stock(證券)Exchange. Though it was a proud __1__，the job was simply too physically __2__—I must stand in a crowd every day，which often __3__ me in a mindset(思維模式)that held me back. Manhattan is a wal

21、king town and it's difficult to __4__ when you have a disability.Taxies are expensive and riding the subway __5__ dozens of steep steps to get below the __6__.This left me only one __7__—the bus. One night，after the __8__ for my job，I was aching with self-pity __9__ it started to rain on my walk to

22、 the bus stop.I became more and more __10__ without an umbrella，thinking I'd never __11__ it in this city and telling myself，“this city is just too hard” and “maybe it is just not possible for a guy like me”． And then，I __12__ the most beautiful，short moment.A couple came rolling by on roller skate

23、s，hand __13__ hand as they skated what seemed like the tango.They were all wet but they saw the __14__ as an opportunity and romance. I suddenly became grateful for waiting in the rain because I __15__ have missed this beauty __16__ if I had been in a taxi or on the subway.This，although __17__，was

24、an important moment on my journey to discover the __18__ of achieving health and happiness.When I change my mindset，__19__ for a moment，to what is possible and work to get rid of the self-limiting beliefs that __20__ my daily actions，I will be on the road to a healthier，happier life. 1．A.adjustment

25、 B．a(chǎn)chievement C．a(chǎn)greement D．treatment 2．A.tiring B．boring C．relaxing D．disappointing 3．A.reminded B．expected C．took D．left 4．A.go up B．get around C．set off D．show up 5．A.requests B．supports C．requires

26、 D．surrounds 6．A.ground B．street C．town D．city 7．A.change B．chance C．idea D．choice 8．A.struggle B．work C．experience D．influence 9．A.before B．while C．when D．a(chǎn)fter 10．A.nervous B．curious C．scared D．upse

27、t 11．A.get B．make C．put D．watch 12．A.recalled B．observed C．witnessed D．realized 13．A.on B．by C．to D．in 14．A.rain B．tree C．wind D．cloud 15．A.shall B．would C．need D．must 16．A.exactly B．instantl

28、y C．entirely D．suddenly 17．A.strange B．small C．normal D．different 18．A.humor B．honesty C．power D．principle 19．A.still B．yet C．a(chǎn)lso D．even 20．A.affect B．follow C．forbid D．harm 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者工作很累，回家路上遇到下雨，心情沮喪。當(dāng)看

29、到一對(duì)夫婦在雨中溜冰的畫面，作者感覺到改變自己的思維模式會(huì)使自己走上一條更健康、更快樂的生活之路。文章告訴我們改變思維模式的重要性。 【核心詞匯】go up上升　get around四處走動(dòng) set off出發(fā)　show up出現(xiàn)，到場(chǎng) 1．B　根據(jù)第一段中的“I managed to get my dream job”可知，作者畢業(yè)后找到了自己理想的工作，這份工作應(yīng)是作者引以為傲的成就，故選B項(xiàng)，achievement意為“成就”。adjustment“調(diào)節(jié)”；agreement“同意，一致”；treatment“治療，對(duì)待”。 2．A　根據(jù)本句中的“I must stand in

30、a crowd every day”可推知，這份工作是勞累的，故選A項(xiàng)，tiring意為“累人的，令人疲倦的”。relaxing“令人放松的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。 3．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知“我每天都必須站在人群中，這常常讓我有想退縮的思維模式”?！發(fā)eave＋sh.＋賓補(bǔ)”表示“讓某人……”，故選D項(xiàng)。remind“提醒”；expect“預(yù)期”。 4．B　根據(jù)上文的“Manhattan is a walking town”可知，曼哈頓是一個(gè)步行商業(yè)區(qū)，所以你有殘疾的話是很難四處走動(dòng)(get around)的。go up“上升”；set off“出發(fā)”；show up“出

31、現(xiàn)，到場(chǎng)”。 5．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，出租車很貴，乘坐地鐵需要(requires)走下幾十個(gè)陡峭的臺(tái)階才能到達(dá)地下。request“請(qǐng)求”；support“支持”；surround“圍繞”。 6．A　根據(jù)本句中的“the subway”以及常識(shí)可知，人們?cè)诘孛?ground)下乘坐地鐵，故選A項(xiàng)。 7．D　句意：這讓我只有一種選擇——公共汽車。根據(jù)上文提到的交通方式都不適合作者可知，此處表示作者唯一的選擇(choice)。 8．A　句意：一天晚上，在為我的工作苦苦奮斗后，我一直自怨自艾，當(dāng)我走向公共汽車站的時(shí)候又下起了雨。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，此處是指在為工作奮斗(struggle)了一天之后

32、。experience“經(jīng)歷”；influence“影響”。 9．C　參見上題解析。when在此處表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，符合語(yǔ)境。 10．D　根據(jù)上文的“it started to rain”和空后的“without an umbrella”可知，下雨了，但是作者沒有帶傘，所以作者心情越來(lái)越沮喪(upset)。 11．B　根據(jù)上文可知，沒有雨傘，作者變得越來(lái)越沮喪，心想自己在這個(gè)城市里不會(huì)取得成功了。make it是固定短語(yǔ)，表示“達(dá)成目標(biāo)，獲得成功，做成某事”。 12．C　句意：然后，我目睹了最美麗、最短暫的時(shí)刻。根據(jù)下文介紹的一對(duì)夫婦在雨中溜冰的畫面可知，這是作者看到的。recal

33、l“召回，回想起”；observe“觀察”；witness“目睹”；realize“認(rèn)識(shí)到”。 13．D　句意：一對(duì)夫婦穿著溜冰鞋，手拉著手，他們溜冰的時(shí)候像是在跳探戈舞。hand in hand“手拉手地”，是固定搭配，故選D項(xiàng)。 14．A　根據(jù)上文的“it started to rain”和“They were all wet”可知，雖然他們身上都被淋濕了，但他們把雨(rain)當(dāng)成是一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)和一種浪漫。 15．B　句意：我突然對(duì)在雨中等待感到感激，因?yàn)槿绻以诔鲎廛嚮虻罔F上，我會(huì)完全錯(cuò)過這美景。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是由if引導(dǎo)的對(duì)過去的虛擬句，結(jié)構(gòu)為“if＋主語(yǔ)＋had＋過去分詞

34、，主語(yǔ)＋should/would /could＋have＋過去分詞”，所以選B項(xiàng)。 16．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者覺得如果乘坐其他交通工具就會(huì)完全錯(cuò)過這一幕，故選C項(xiàng)。exactly“正是，恰好”；instantly“立即，馬上”；entirely“完全地”；suddenly“突然”。 17．B　雖然這是生活中的一件小事，但卻是作者在探索健康和幸福的旅途中的一個(gè)重要時(shí)刻。strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；small“小的”；normal“正常的”；different“不同的”，故選B項(xiàng)。 18．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者看到的這一幕給了作者力量。humor“幽默”；honesty“誠(chéng)實(shí)，正直”

35、；power“力量”；principle“原則”。 19．D　句意：當(dāng)我改變我的思維模式去做可能的事情，并努力擺脫那些影響我日常行為的自我限制的信念時(shí)，即使是片刻，我都將會(huì)走上一條更健康、更快樂的生活之路。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“即使”。still“仍然”；yet“還，然而”；also“也，而且”；even“即使”。 20．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“影響(affect)我日常行為的自我限制的信念”。 ***短文改錯(cuò)。 Getting rid of the bad habit of procrastination (拖延癥) is now my goal in life. My

36、first step was to set small targets what can be reached realistically. For example, I plan to set a timetable for my study. So after school, I will put finishing homework in the last place. Additionally, I will make a list of my important task including their due dates but follow my schedule strictl

37、y. I will avoid find excuses for putting them off. At same time, I will ask for my friends and parents to help me. By achieving this small targets, I have confident that I will overcome procrastination. 答案： Getting rid of the bad habit of procrastination (拖延癥) is now my goal in life. My first st

38、ep to set small targets can be reached realistically. For example, I plan to set a timetable for my study. So after school, I will put finishing homework in the place. Additionally, I will make a list of my important including their due dates follow my schedule strictly. I will avoid excuses

39、for putting them off. At same time, I will ask my friends and parents to help me. By achieving small targets, I have that I will overcome procrastination. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第二處：what→that/which　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞targets在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，應(yīng)用that/which來(lái)引導(dǎo)該從句。 第五處：but→and　考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，make和follow兩個(gè)動(dòng)作之間是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故用and。 第十處：confident→confidence　考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用confident的名詞形式confidence作have的賓語(yǔ)。 *** 8