（廣西課標版）2019版高考英語大二輪專題復習 閱讀理解專題突破練1

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1、 閱讀理解專題突破練1 第一節(jié) A 體裁:說明文　　詞數(shù):290　　用時:7分鐘 University Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited Items The following items are approved for use in residential (提供住宿的) rooms:electric blankets,hairdryers,personal computers,radios,televisions and DVD players.Items that are not allowed in student roo

2、ms include:candles,ceiling fans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlamps and wireless routers (路由器).Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. Access to Residential Rooms Students are provided with a combination (組合密碼) for their room door locks upon check-in.Do

3、not share your room door lock combination with anyone.The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.The fee is $25 to change a room combination. Cooking Policy Stu

4、dents living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen.Students must clean up after cooking.This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff.Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use.With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food,stud

5、ents are not permitted to cook in their rooms. Pet Policy No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms.Students who are found with pets,whether visiting or owned by the student,are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet.Students receive a written notice

6、 when the fine goes into effect.If,one week from the date of the written notice,the pet is not removed,the student is referred to the Student Court. 【解題導語】本文介紹了某個大學的學生公寓的規(guī)章制度,包括宿舍內(nèi)可用和禁止使用的物品、廚房的使用制度、飼養(yǎng)寵物的事項等。 1.Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms? A.Wireless routers and radi

7、os. B.Hairdryers and candles. C.Ceiling fans and waterbeds. D.TVs and electric blankets. 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第一句“The following items are approved for use in residential rooms:electric blankets,hairdryers,personal computers,radios,televisions and DVD players.”可知,在宿舍可以使用電視和電熱毯,故D項正確。 2.What do we

8、know about the cooking policy? A.A microwave oven can be used. B.Cooking in student rooms is permitted. C.A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen. D.Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking. 答案A 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food,studen

9、ts are not permitted to cook in their rooms.”可知,學生可以使用微波爐加熱食物,故A項正確。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen.”可知,學生只能在廚房烹飪食物,故B項錯誤;根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Students must clean up after cooking.”可知,學生做完飯后必須自己打掃廚房,故C項錯誤;D項文中沒有提及。 3.If a student keeps a cat

10、in his room for a week after receiving the written notice,he will face　　　.? A.a fine of $100　　　　　　　B.parent visits C.the Student Court D.a final warning 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的最后一句可知,如果學生在收到書面通知的一個星期內(nèi)沒有送走寵物,該學生將被送交給學生法庭,故C項正確。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Students who are found with pets...$100 and a continuing fine of

11、$50 a day per pet.”可知,如果學生被發(fā)現(xiàn)飼養(yǎng)寵物,最初罰款100美元,其后每天罰款50美元,故A項錯誤;B項和D項文中沒有提及。 B 體裁:說明文　　詞數(shù):343　　用時:8分鐘 Some people call it a traveling museum.Others refer to it as a living or open-air museum.Built in Brazil to honor Columbus’ first voyage to the New World,the Nina,a Columbus-era replica (復制品) ship

12、,provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus’ favorite ship from over 500 years ago. I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf Shores,Alabama,in February 2013.As part of a research project sponsored by my university,my goal was to document my days aboard the

13、ship in a blog.I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school-age children.The field-trip tour of the Nina is hands-on learning at its best.In this setting,students could touch the line,pass around a ballast stone (壓艙石),and move the extremely larg

14、e tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus’ days.They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time.I was pleased to see the students become active participants in their learning process. The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides

15、such field trips.A visit to Jamestown Settlement,for example,allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1600s.Historical guides,dressed in period costumes,give tours of the Susan Constant,Godspeed,and Discovery.These

16、guides often portray a character that would have lived and worked during that time period.Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to better understand the daily life in the past. My experience on the Nina helps testify (證實) my long-held belief that students

17、stay interested,ask better questions,and engage (參與) in higher-order thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process.The students who boarded the Nina came as passive learners.They left as bold explorers.? 【解題導語】本文介紹了哥倫布航海時用的航船的復制品,它是一個開放的博物館。學生參觀這一特殊的博物館可以積極主動地參與學習。 4.What o

18、ccupation is the author engaged in? A.Shipping. B.Education. C.Ecological tourism. D.Museum administration. 答案B 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school-age children.”可知,作者在給學齡兒童介紹有關(guān)航船復制品的歷史知識;據(jù)此可以判斷,作者從事的是教育行業(yè),故B項正確。A項

19、意為“航運”,C項意為“生態(tài)旅游”,D項意為“博物館管理”,都與語境不符。 5.Which of the following is TRUE about the Nina introduced in the passage? A.She is a replica of a ship that Columbus built in Brazil. B.She is always crowded with foreign tourists during holidays. C.She is the boat Columbus sailed in his voyage to the New W

20、orld. D.She displays what Columbus’ ship was like and how it operated. 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus’ favorite ship”可知,Nina為人們提供了哥倫布的航船的原貌;根據(jù)第二段的“In this setting,students could touch the line,pass around a ballast s

21、tone,and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus’ days.”可知,Nina還提供了如何操作該航船的方法,故D項正確。 6.What is the third paragraph mainly about? A.Guidelines for visitors on the ships. B.Life of the first settlers in Jamestown Settlement. C.Duties of the guides in

22、the British museums. D.Introduction to another museum similar to the Nina. 答案D 解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“The Nina is not the only traveling museum...A visit to Jamestown Settlement,for example,allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers...”可知,第三段主要介紹了另一個與Nina類似的航行

23、博物館,故D項正確。 7.What does the author mean by the last two sentences of the passage? A.The students are interested in becoming tour guides. B.The experience has changed the students’ learning attitude. C.The students become brave and are ready to sail the seas on their own. D.The museums are succes

24、sful in teaching the students survival skills at sea. 答案B 解析句意猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句可知,登上了哥倫布航船復制品Nina的學生變成了主動學習的學生,他們成了知識的勇敢探索者。據(jù)此可以判斷,最后兩句旨在說明,這種游覽改變了學生們的學習態(tài)度,故B項正確。 C 體裁:人物故事　　詞數(shù):323　　用時:8分鐘 (2017河南洛陽第一次統(tǒng)考) There is a lot to learn about the creations of Beatrix Potter — not only is she the author a

25、nd illustrator of one of the world’s most famous children’s books,The Tale of Peter Rabbit,but also a pioneering conservationist with the spirit of a scientist. “Potter grew up as the daughter of a wealthy Victorian family,but along with her brother who filled an entire floor of their large house i

26、n London with all sorts of animals,” said Anne Lundin,a retired professor for the UW-Madison School of Library and Information Studies. “As an adult,she was a frustrated botanical illustrator and scientist.That field was not open to her because she was female,” Lundin said.Potter was urged to turn

27、the charming illustrations and stories she wrote in letters to children into books.She wrote 23 books in all — a body of work that has inspired plays,ballets,films and an astonishing amount of merchandise. “The Tale of Peter Rabbit is probably the most famous children’s book in the world,which was

28、published in 1902 and has really stood the test of time.It’s been translated into 36 languages.The parents and grandparents will share it with the next generation,” said Lundin. Potter also made a mark on the world through her land conservation.“In many ways,she was like Peter Rabbit,venturing into

29、 a world of adventure and risk.She withdrew from London as soon as she started making some money on her books to the Lake District and became an extremely important farmer and conservationist.She preserved and passed on 15 farms and over 4,000 acres,which were given back to the country as gifts in t

30、he 20th century,” said Lundin. Even though she was born 150 years ago,she was amazingly modern — her embracing of the natural world,commented Jennifer Blatchley Smith,an artistic director of the show Peter Rabbit Tales to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Potter’s birth. 【解題導語】本文主要介紹了兒童作家Beatrix

31、Potter的故事。 8.What helped Beatrix Potter to write The Tale of Peter Rabbit successfully? A.Her life and work experiences. B.Her specialty in animated (動畫) pictures. C.Her success in becoming a botanical scientist. D.Her interest in animals in childhood alone. 答案A 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段和第三段的整體內(nèi)容可推知,兒童

32、作家Beatrix Potter成功地寫出了The Tale of Peter Rabbit,這與她的生活和工作經(jīng)歷密不可分。 9.What does the word “frustrated” in the third paragraph mean? A.Disappointed. B.Devoted. C.Motivated. D.Inspired. 答案A 解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“That field was not open to her because she was female...”可推知,Potter在成為植物插圖畫家和科學家的道路上不是一帆風順的,主要是因

33、為當時這一領(lǐng)域還未對女性開放,由此可推知frustrated意為“不得志的,失意的”,故選A項。 10.What is Beatrix Potter? A.A botanist and artist. B.An extremely important farmer and successful scientist. C.A writer,conservationist and farmer. D.An artistic director. 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知,Beatrix Potter是一個作家兼有科學家精神的保護主義者,結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段可知,Beatrix

34、Potter還是一個農(nóng)民,故選C項。根據(jù)第三段中的“As an adult...That field was not open to her because she was female...”可推知,Potter當時并不是植物學家,此外文中并沒有提到她是藝術(shù)家,A項錯;B項錯在successful scientist,與第三段的“she was a...scientist”相悖;D項錯在artistic director,那是Jennifer Blatchley Smith的身份,而不是Beatrix Potter的身份,故排除。 11.Why does the author write

35、the article? A.In celebration of Potter’s 150th birthday. B.In honour of Potter’s new contributions. C.In praise of Potter’s spirit of selflessness. D.In support of Potter’s book promotions. 答案A 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,作者寫本文的目的在于慶祝 Potter的150周年誕辰。 D 體裁:說明文　　詞數(shù):286　　用時:7分鐘 (2017安徽合肥第一次教學質(zhì)檢) M

36、any young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time.But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years,and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent? It is

37、 a sad reality that people don’t realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another. Think of the most typical American girl you know.Is she blonde-haired with white skin and light blue eyes,and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the heart of Africa,

38、where beauty is placed on what you can control.The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are,and how stylish their piercings (穿孔) are.This tribe’s culture is to be a brave fighter,so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong.If you don’t look fierce,you ar

39、e not beautiful. Other countries like South Korea have their own unique views on beauty.In an interview,a woman claims that beauty in DPRK is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife.She says that women in DPRK are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense.She says

40、 they did have a time when big eyes were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery.This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture.But don’t you think the idea of getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy? 【解題導語】本文主要介紹了不同群體的文化差異使得人們對美的觀點不盡相

41、同。 12.What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A.Inconsistent. B.Reasonable. C.Unusual. D.Similar. 答案A 解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years,and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent?”可知,許多年里,你都被認為是美麗的,在你搬到另一

42、個大陸后突然會被認為是難看的。由此可知美會隨著地點的不同發(fā)生變化,因此此處指人們沒有意識到不同國家的人對美的觀點是不一致的。inconsistent“不一致的”;reasonable“合理的”;unusual“不尋常的”;similar “相似的”。 13.The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes　　　.? A.getting dirty is stylish B.looking fierce is beautiful C.strong people cut their skin D.Ame

43、rican girls love shopping 答案B 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“If you don’t look fierce,you are not beautiful.”可知,肯尼亞的Maasai部落認為看起來兇猛就是美麗的。 14.According to the woman interviewed,women in DPRK now　　　.? A.care a lot about their appearance B.put the beauty of eyes in the first place C.pay great attention to their

44、 ability D.are crazy about double eyelid surgery 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句可知,這里的女性現(xiàn)在更加關(guān)注她們成為好女人和好妻子的能力。 15.What does the text mainly tell us? A.Inner beauty is of great importance. B.Ideas of beauty vary among culture groups. C.Different ways are needed to admire true beauty. D.Fashion magaz

45、ines easily influence young people. 答案B 解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“It is a sad reality that people don’t realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.”可知,不同國家的人對美的觀點是不同的,即不同的文化群體對美的觀點不盡相同。 第二節(jié) 體裁:說明文　　詞數(shù):230　　用時:7分鐘 Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (surprise

46、,uncertainty,confusion,etc.) felt when people have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment,such as a foreign country. Generally speaking,we could say that there are four stages of culture shock.The first stage is called “the honeymoon”.In this stage,you are excited

47、about living in a different place.　16　? The next stage is “the hostility (敵意) stage”.In this stage,you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.　17　 Moreover,people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.? Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”.In this s

48、tage,you start to feel more positive.　18　 The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.? The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”.In this stage,you have reached a point where you actually feel good.　19　 The things that originally m

49、ade you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.Now you have adjusted to the new culture and you feel comfortable.? Not all individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages.　20　 It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place

50、 or from one setting to another (e.g.from high school to college).? A.You begin to understand you need to travel a lot. B.You’ve learned enough to understand the new culture. C.You become tired of many things about the new culture. D.Friends should help each other to deal with culture shock. E.

51、In addition,culture shock is not limited to overseas visitors. F.And everything seems to be great and people seem to be nice to you. G.And you try to develop comprehension of everything you didn’t understand. 答案與解析 【解題導語】本文主要介紹了“文化沖擊”的定義和經(jīng)歷文化沖擊的四個階段。 16.F　根據(jù)上句“In this stage,you are excited abou

52、t living in a different place.”可知,這一階段你會對在不同地方生活感到興奮;結(jié)合該段第二句“The first stage is called ‘the honeymoon’.”可以判斷,空處陳述在文化沖擊的“蜜月期”的感受,故F項符合文意。 17.C　根據(jù)上句“In this stage,you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.”可知,在這一階段,你開始注意到并非一切如你想象的那樣好;據(jù)此可以判斷,空處陳述在第二階段“敵意期”的感受,故C項符合

53、文意。 18.G　根據(jù)空處下句“The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.”可知,你會學習讓自己適應新的環(huán)境;據(jù)此可以判斷,空處表達“你嘗試著理解你以前不理解的一切”,故G項正確。 19.B　根據(jù)空處下句“The things that originally made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.”可知,你理解了原先感到不舒服或陌生的事物;據(jù)此可以判斷,空處說明你已經(jīng)足以理解新的文化,故B項正確。 20.E　根據(jù)文章最后一句“It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g.from high school to college).”可判斷,空處陳述文化沖擊發(fā)生的其他范圍,故E項符合文意。 12