高中英語 Unit1 《sporting events》-grammar學案 上海牛津版S2A

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教學無憂http://jiaoxue5u.taobao.com/專注中小學 教學事業(yè)！ Unit1 sporting events-Grammar學案 一、快捷識記 A. adverbial phrases and clauses of purpose 目的狀語從句：從句部分是用以補充說明主句中謂語動詞發(fā)生的目的的。 目的狀語從句可以由表示“為了， 以便”的so that(有時省略so)， in order that和表示“以免， 以防”的lest， for fear that， in case引導(lest， for fear that后的目的狀語從句一般要用“可以省略的should＋動詞原形”的虛擬語氣形式； in case后的目的狀語從句多用虛擬語氣， 但也可用陳述語氣)。 例如： 1.They set out early that they might arrive in time. 他們早點動身， 以便及時到達。 2.She takes notes carefully in class so that she may use them when she reviews her lessons after class. 她在課堂上認真記筆記， 以便她能在課后很好地復習功課。 3.He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard. 他盡力大聲叫喊， 以便別人能聽見。 4.I will not make a noise lest I (should) disturb you. 我不出聲， 以免打攪你。 5. He is working hard for fear that he (should) fail. 他認真學習， 以免考不及格 6.Take your umbrella in case it rains. 帶上雨傘， 以防下雨。 　　如果表示“為了， 以便”的目的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同， 可用in order to或 so as to取代該目的狀語從句， 注意體會以下例句： 1. He hurried through his work in order to catch the train. 他匆匆干完手中的活， 為的是能趕上火車。 2.I sent the plans in order for you to study them fully before the meeting. 我寄上這些計劃以使你會前充分研究一下。 3.The desks are kept some distance apart, so as to prevent cheating. 這些書桌都隔著一段距離擺放， 以防作弊。 4.I came so early as to catch the first train. 我起得早， 以便能趕上頭班火車。 B. Adverbial phrases and clauses of concession 表示“雖然， 即使， 盡管”的讓步狀語從句的用法 　1. although， though， even though， even if都表示“雖然， 即使， 盡管”之意， though 和although 語氣較弱(其中的though 比although 通俗, 不如although 正式)， even if和even though 帶有強調意味而顯得語氣更強。例如： 1.Although they are poor, they are happy. 雖然他們很窮，但很快樂。 2.Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat. 天氣雖然很冷, 但他沒有穿大衣就出去了。 3.Though they may not succeed, they will still try. 即使他們可能不會成功， 但他們仍努力嘗試。The article is very important though it is short. 那篇文章雖然很短， 但很重要。 4.He is better, though not yet cured. 他好一點了， 雖仍未痊愈。 5.Even though it was raining, she walked to work. 即使下雨， 她也是走著去工作的。 6.I’ll visit him this evening even if I can stay only a few minutes. 今晚我將去拜訪他， 即使我只能停留一小會兒。 　【注意】： though 引導的讓步狀語從句的用法比較特殊， 它可以倒裝， 也可以不倒裝， 具體用法參見as引導讓步狀語從句的用法。 2. as引導讓步狀語從句表示“雖然、 即使、 盡管”， 其引導的讓步狀語從句必須采用倒裝結構， as引導的倒裝形式的讓步狀語從句的基本結構為： 形容詞/副詞/名詞(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前一般不帶冠詞， 有時也可見單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前形容詞與不定冠詞連用、 形容詞放在不定冠詞前)/動詞/過去分詞＋as＋主語＋謂語的其他部分。注意體會下列典型例句： 1.Great as the author was, he proved a bad model. 這位作者盡管了不起， 到頭來卻成了一個壞榜樣。 2.Ridiculous as it seems, the tale is true. 這個故事看似荒唐， 卻是真的。 3.Rich as he is, he is not happy. 雖然他很富有， 但他并不幸福。 4.Child as he is, he can tell black from white.(倒裝時要省去單個名詞前的冠詞)盡管還是個孩子， 他卻能分辨黑白。 5.Brave (a) man as he is, he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他盡管勇敢， 可見到蛇還是發(fā)抖。6.Badly wounded as he was, he remained quite optimistic. 盡管傷勢很重， 他仍然十分樂觀。 7.Try as he would, he could not lift the rock. 雖然盡了最大努力， 但是他仍然不能搬動那塊石頭。 　　 表示“無論, 不管”的讓步狀語從句的用法 表示“無論， 不管”的讓步狀語從句的引導詞在含義上各有側重， 學習其用法時要分別進行把握。 　　1. “no matter＋疑問詞”或“帶后綴ever的疑問詞”可以表示“不管……”的含義， 引導讓步狀語從句(前一結構所表示的語氣要稍強于后一結構)， 例如： 1）However (= No matter how) much I tried, I failed to work out the maths problem. 無論怎么努力， 我還是解不出這道數(shù)學題。 2） However (=No matter how) hard he may try, he will not attain his goal. 無論怎樣努力， 他都達不到他的目標。 3）Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I will not change my mind. 無論你說什么， 我也絕不改變主意。 4） Whenever (=No matter when) you come, you will be warmly welcomed. 不論什么時候來， 你都會受到熱烈歡迎。 5）Wherever (=No matter where) you go, you will find the same thing. 無論到哪里， 你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣的事情。 6）Whoever (=No matter who) you are, you have no right to do such a thing. 不管你是誰， 你都無權做這種事。 2. “whether... or...”可以引導包含選擇范圍的讓步狀語從句， 意為“不管……”。例如： 1）I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 不論你來還是留在家中， 我都要去。 2） Whether she wins or loses, this is her last chance. 不管是贏是輸， 這都是她的最后一次機會。 3）Whether we like a particular piece of news or not, all we have to do is to sit in front of the tube and let it happen. 不管我們喜歡不喜歡某條新聞， 我們所能做的只是坐在電視機前任其播放。 二、 　　隨堂過關 1.I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ____ I can have time for a cup of tea. (2005北京) A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that 2. Roses need special care ____ they can live through winter. (2004) 　　A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 3. Leave your key with a neighbor ____ you lock yourself out one day. (2007北京) A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case 4.I shall stay in the hotel all day ____ there is news of the missing child.(2000上海春) A.in case B.no matter C.in any case D.ever since 5. We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table. (2007遼寧) 　　A. since B. although C. until D. before 6. ____ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. (2006上海春) A. As B. Once C. If D. Although 7. ____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. (2006) A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although 8. Although he is considered a great writer, ____. (1991) 　　A. his works are not widely read 　　B. but his works are not widely read 　　C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read 9. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ____ she was an only child. (2005遼寧) A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as 10. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ____ they knew it to be valuable. (2007浙江) A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that 11. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ____ they are different from your own. (2005湖南) A.until B. even if C. unless D.as though 12. ____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. (2005重慶) 　　A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student 13. ____, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. (2001上海) 　　A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much 14. ____, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. (2007重慶) 　　A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange 　　C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound 15.This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ____. (2006陜西) 　　A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost 16. He tried his best to solve the problem, ____ difficult it was. (2005天津) 　　A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 17. ____, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. (2004上海春) 　　A. However the story is amusing 　　B. No matter amusing the story is 　　C. However amusing the story is 　　D. No matter how the story is amusing 18. The old tower must be saved, ____ the cost. (2005浙江) A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever 19. — Dad, I’ve finished my assignment. 　　— Good, and ____ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me. (2003上海) 　　A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter Answers: 1.［答案］ D［解析］ so that表示希望實現(xiàn)的目的。 2.［答案］ B［解析］ so that表示希望實現(xiàn)的目的。 3. ［答案］ D［解析］ “you lock yourself out one day”是應該避免出現(xiàn)的結果， 下劃線處應選用in case， 引導目的狀語從句, 表示“以免……”。 4. ［答案］ A［解析］ 題干意為： 我將整天在旅店里呆著， 以防有丟失孩子的消息。本題應選in case引導目的狀語從句表示“以防……”. 5. ［答案］ B［解析］ 下劃線處之后所述的“我們已經(jīng)預訂了一桌”與前面所述的“我們已經(jīng)不得不等了半個小時”之間語意相反， 四個選項中although表示“即便……”， 引導讓步狀語從句最為合適。 6. ［答案］ D［解析］ 句意為： 雖然地球表面覆蓋著水， 但是純凈水仍然很稀有、 珍貴。下劃線處應引導讓步狀語從句， 填入although最為合適。 7. ［答案］ D［解析］ 下劃線處應引導讓步狀語從句， 填入although最為合適。 8. ［答案］ A［解析］ 英語不允許在連詞although、 though引導的讓步狀語從句之后的主句句首重復使用連詞， 如果要在復合句中強調某種特別的意義， 可以在主句的句首加上yet、 still等副詞。例如： Although she has a lot of money, (yet/still) she is not happy. 雖然她很有錢， 但是她并不快樂。 本題題干中沒有通過特定的語境暗示需要對主句進行特別強調， 因此只需用although引導讓步狀語從句即可， 不必在主句的句首加副詞(更不能在主句的句首加連詞)。注意： 本題中的works指“作品、 著作”， 例如表達“莎士比亞的作品”可以用“the works of Shakespeare”。 9. ［答案］C［解析］ 下劃線處應引導讓步狀語從句， 四個選項中只有even though可以引導讓步狀語從句。 10. ［答案］C［解析］ “Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice”和“they knew it to be valuable”意思相反， 四個選項中引導讓步狀語從句的even though最為適合。 11. ［答案］B［解析］ 題干句意為： 讓孩子們有發(fā)言的空間， 即使他們的觀點與你的不同。從句與主句為讓步關系， 應由even if 引導從句。 12. ［答案］B［解析］ as引導讓步狀語從句應該倒裝， 本題中需要放在as之前的部分應該是整個表語部分并且要省略student前的不定冠詞(若要保留該不定冠詞， 則應將其置于quiet與student之間)。 13. ［答案］C［解析］ 從句“I have traveled”與主句“I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John”之間具有明顯的讓步關系， 本題應選用as的倒裝形式引導讓步狀語從句。 14. ［答案］ D［解析］ “他的建議在會上被全部的人所接受”與“他的建議聽起來或許奇怪”之間意思相反， 因此下劃線處引導的從句應為讓步狀語從句， 而as引導讓步狀語從句應采用倒裝結構， 由此先排除不是倒裝結構的選項B、 C， 再排除倒裝形式不正確的選項A， 最終選出D。 15. ［答案］ C［解析］ 題干中的讓步狀語從句應采用however much it may cost或者no matter how much it may cost的形式。 16. ［答案］ A［解析］ 下劃線處與形容詞difficult連用引導讓步狀語從句， 應采用however或者no matter how的形式。 17. ［答案］ C［解析］ however， no matter how引導讓步狀語從句時應在其之后先接上被其所直接修飾的形容詞或副詞， 然后再接讓步狀語從句當中的其他成分， 因此本題應選C。 18. ［答案］ B［解析］ 本句中讓步狀語從句意指“無論成本是多少”， 應選用疑問詞what的相關形式引導該從句。 19. ［答案］B［解析］ 題干中提供了“you play or watch TV”的選擇范圍， 應用whether引導讓步狀語從句。 客服唯一聯(lián)系qq 1119139686 歡迎跟我們聯(lián)系