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1、53、New Culture Movement
On September 5th, 1915, Chen Duxiu(1891-1962) initiated the magazine Youth(named New Youth since the second issue), The New Culture Movement therefore took root. In January 1917, Cai Yuanpei (1868-1940), appointed President of Beijing University, called for academic incorp
2、oration and absorption and invited Chen Duxiu to be dean of the School of Letters. So the newsroom of New Youth moved to Beijing from Shanghai. At that time, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi, Qian Xuantong, Liu Bannong and other intellectuals of the New Culture Movement who worked as teachers in Beijing University
3、 also edited or wrote articles for New Youth. The main contents of the New Culture movement was democracy and science. Chen Duxiu published the article To the Youth in New Youth, which proposed the slogan of human rights and science and erected the banners of democracy and science for the first time
4、. The New Culture Revolution called for democracy and opposed monocracy and warlord dictatorship; advocated science and opposed superstition and blindness; criticized the old formalities and morals represented by Confucius and proposed the elimination of Confucianism. Besides, they warmly discussed
5、the problems concerning women’s liberation, family, and marriage, and propagated the idea of equality between men and women as well as the individual liberation.
Another important part of the New Culture Movement was literature revolution, which advocated the writing of modern Chinese instead of t
6、hose of classical style, supported new literature and opposed old literature. In Junuary 1917, Hu Shi published Suggestions on Improving Literature, putting forward the watchword of literature improvement and advocating the writing of plain and substantial literature in place of hollow and affected old literature. In February of the same year, Chen Duxiu published On Literature Revolution, explicitly advancing the slogan of “Literature Revolution” and relating the revolution of literature to that of politics.
第53課 新文化運動 New Culture Movement
