四十五噸旋挖鉆機(jī)變幅機(jī)構(gòu)液壓缸設(shè)計(jì)
四十五噸旋挖鉆機(jī)變幅機(jī)構(gòu)液壓缸設(shè)計(jì),四十五,噸旋挖,鉆機(jī),機(jī)構(gòu),液壓缸,設(shè)計(jì)
附 錄
國(guó)內(nèi)外當(dāng)前形勢(shì)下旋挖鉆機(jī)的發(fā)展前景
隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大對(duì)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的范圍，以人為本和保護(hù)，直到不斷加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，特別是現(xiàn)澆混凝土樁的樁位與環(huán)境有關(guān)的法律和規(guī)章的設(shè)想基礎(chǔ)他幾乎取代了空間應(yīng)用范圍廣泛的基本基礎(chǔ)。扶輪社是因?yàn)槠湫矢撸廴旧?，更多的全面發(fā)展的功能特點(diǎn)，以滿足鉆機(jī)在就地演員，在國(guó)內(nèi)建設(shè)的需要，混凝土樁已被廣泛使用。
旋挖鉆機(jī)的旋挖鉆機(jī)在英國(guó)除了各扶輪社分銷業(yè)務(wù)的斗爭(zhēng)中，我們需要短期和長(zhǎng)期螺旋螺桿鉆分布，長(zhǎng)城鉆井套管安裝符合動(dòng)搖抓斗控制設(shè)備等 - 將套管施工;抓斗與地下連續(xù)墻伸縮桿指導(dǎo)，對(duì)硬巖破碎施工直接到戶;進(jìn)行更換后的植物和Jet建設(shè)的是建設(shè)周期;配置可以液壓錘，振動(dòng)錘，柴油錘了一系列其他形式的樁等施工。
旋挖鉆機(jī)一般適用粘土，粉土，砂土，淤泥土，回填土一些碎石，結(jié)石形成。對(duì)于第一個(gè)大型動(dòng)態(tài)扭矩和自動(dòng)鎖定伸展臺(tái)內(nèi)，可在該路口施工用的風(fēng)鉆桿。為了適應(yīng)旋挖鉆機(jī)的施工要求安裝底盤和配電設(shè)備，大扭矩輸出，靈活，多功能，高效率建設(shè)。目前，最大的旋挖鉆機(jī)鉆孔直徑3米，在120m高（主要是40米），最大鉆孔扭矩620kNm最大鉆孔深度。
20世紀(jì)90年代末，中國(guó)旋挖鉆機(jī)的業(yè)主，只有約100個(gè)，2002年，中國(guó)進(jìn)口的100臺(tái)旋挖鉆機(jī)，為2003年底的最后期限，中國(guó)曾在2004年年底之前，41萬(wàn)臺(tái)鉆機(jī)旋挖350-400 ，旋挖鉆機(jī)41萬(wàn)臺(tái)450-500。
扶輪社在全臺(tái)鉆機(jī)和旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)斗爭(zhēng)制定了關(guān)于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，美國(guó)開發(fā)的第一臺(tái)旋轉(zhuǎn)式CALWELD斗爭(zhēng)中，短螺旋。 20世紀(jì)50年代，法國(guó)貝諾托樁基礎(chǔ)施工將用于在全鉆機(jī)，而歐洲國(guó)家在其產(chǎn)品組合，不斷改進(jìn)，成為今天的多功能機(jī)型發(fā)展。
巖土意大利從美國(guó)公司，將被安裝在卡車和第一附屬于歐洲引進(jìn)鉆機(jī)履帶式起重機(jī)，固定動(dòng)力頭，無(wú)法安裝套管，是難以適應(yīng)硬層施工在1960年德國(guó)和Gaiercigaite維爾特同時(shí)，公司開發(fā)的第一臺(tái)可移動(dòng)式的力量。鮑爾在1975年德國(guó)公司的發(fā)展與伸縮鉆桿鉆機(jī)配備BG7，直接從鉆機(jī)底盤與動(dòng)力配置可以達(dá)到鎖定壓縮鉆桿鉆探，鉆井扭矩，可在接近實(shí)現(xiàn)礫石和巖石鉆探。
日本進(jìn)口從1960年CALWELD旋挖鉆機(jī)，這是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家15 - H的加藤生產(chǎn)鉆機(jī)美國(guó)。之后支持在1974年能抓住動(dòng)搖控制設(shè)備和鉆機(jī)，挖掘機(jī)在1965年日立建機(jī)采用液壓鉆機(jī)設(shè)備安裝與底盤，開發(fā)了液壓履帶起重機(jī)底盤由液壓馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)鉆機(jī)的發(fā)展。日立建機(jī)于1980年和巖土工程公司共同開發(fā)和擴(kuò)大，以提高樁端承載力的建筑領(lǐng)域。鮑爾加入德國(guó)和日立建機(jī)與住友建機(jī)旋挖鉆機(jī)的聯(lián)盟，以進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)日本的技術(shù)的發(fā)展。日本的旋挖鉆機(jī)扭矩比歐洲同類產(chǎn)品低。
目前，主要的外國(guó)制造商的旋挖鉆機(jī)：德國(guó)：寶華，利勃海爾，德爾馬格在尊重的MGF，意大利SoilMec，旋轉(zhuǎn)，巨細(xì)胞病毒，B200E是IMT，ENTEGO;西班牙：拉馬達(dá)。日本：日本汽車，日立，住友，加藤，芬蘭：JUNTTAN，湯姆洛克;：超支美國(guó)，英國(guó)：BSP的英格索蘭，其他。
天津探礦機(jī)械廠1984年從美國(guó)RDI的公司所造成的第一輛車旋挖鉆機(jī)。 1988年北京城建機(jī)械廠仿制巖土工程公司隸屬1.5米直徑的旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)。鄭州調(diào)查機(jī)械廠于1994年引進(jìn)英國(guó)公司BSP的附件旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)，1998年泰有限公司和上海合作組裝BG15.1999鮑爾哈爾濱通用公司和徐州工程機(jī)械工程機(jī)械公司已開發(fā)出旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)和依戀型旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)。新華社在2001年開發(fā)出巨大的力量旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)首次成功。經(jīng)過2003年3月1日，旋挖鉆機(jī)數(shù)減少智力廠商已下線，產(chǎn)銷兩旺。
目前，旋挖鉆機(jī)的主要制造商：湖南山河智能，湖南，3月1日，徐工集團(tuán)，中聯(lián)重科，徐州東說(shuō)，一個(gè)巨大的，鮑爾天津，石家莊，煤炭，連云港黃海哈爾濱普遍，內(nèi)蒙古北方南汽，宇通汽車時(shí)代，山東鑫，鄭州勘探。
據(jù)如扭矩的旋挖鉆機(jī)，主要的技術(shù)參數(shù)，孔直徑，鉆孔深度，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)功率，質(zhì)量組件可以分為三類小型，中型和大型。
目前，國(guó)外旋挖鉆機(jī)包括歐洲平行四邊形連桿加方柱獨(dú)立的代表，履帶式起重機(jī)附著日本代表。
歐洲的獨(dú)立具有以下特點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)：
（1）由一個(gè)或多個(gè)液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)動(dòng)力頭，一個(gè)用于鮑爾，鄧勇，速度為代表的低，非高速相反。在其他地區(qū)，Medtech公司，卡薩內(nèi)由一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)運(yùn)作的第一大代表的兩個(gè)變量由一個(gè)高速反演此外小型電動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)，有一種一廂情愿的種族分類，直接通過行星齒輪減速機(jī)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速逆轉(zhuǎn)引發(fā)領(lǐng)土。第三，結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，液壓管道，以便低成本，留下了復(fù)雜的液壓控制管，傳動(dòng)復(fù)雜，容易發(fā)生故障，成本高。
（2）鉆桿與機(jī)鎖摩擦。間歇性鎖到另一臺(tái)機(jī)器和機(jī)架。鉆桿摩擦對(duì)普通地層鉆進(jìn)，為鉆孔機(jī)鎖硬地層。工作旋挖鉆機(jī)，鉆桿緊張和壓縮時(shí)間，剪切，扭轉(zhuǎn)，彎曲應(yīng)力及其他復(fù)合材料。歐陽(yáng)距離拉旋挖鉆機(jī)鉆桿的特殊的高強(qiáng)度合金用無(wú)縫鋼管生產(chǎn)廠家。設(shè)計(jì)和制造有一些特殊的要求。要做到這一點(diǎn)重量輕，扭矩，磨損，壽命長(zhǎng)。
（3）柱箱形結(jié)構(gòu)，剛性好，重量輕。使用一個(gè)正方形槽磨損無(wú)縫管，促進(jìn)扭矩傳輸。這里有三個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)組成一個(gè)平行四邊形支持一個(gè)小三角結(jié)構(gòu)，其特點(diǎn)是不同的，可以將一孔，折疊，降低運(yùn)輸高度和長(zhǎng)度。前面的缺點(diǎn)是附加的重量稍微穩(wěn)定，不能超扭矩。對(duì)于一個(gè)三角結(jié)構(gòu)，鮑爾代表，特點(diǎn)是簡(jiǎn)單，穩(wěn)定，能承受高扭矩。缺點(diǎn)是運(yùn)到包裝，耗時(shí)和需要援助的起重設(shè)備，第三個(gè)公司拉馬達(dá)，意大利，具有較高的代表性，同時(shí)還支持三角結(jié)構(gòu)，起了輔助油箱飛機(jī)，也可以折疊最主要的一塊，與上述兩種結(jié)構(gòu)類型的優(yōu)勢(shì)，新穎，經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用。
（4）旋挖鉆機(jī)的關(guān)鍵部件吊裝，根據(jù)下一個(gè)洞鉆鉆鉆工具，旋轉(zhuǎn)傾銷），主要的市場(chǎng)容量，結(jié)構(gòu)和旋挖鉆機(jī)的鉆機(jī)每個(gè)周期（建筑特色功能非常重要，對(duì)鉆井的主要市場(chǎng)銷量的生活繩長(zhǎng)度事故的概率水平鉆井效率是緊密相關(guān)的。歐洲的旋挖鉆機(jī)已經(jīng)停止了和權(quán)力鉆桿到與繩裝置，以防止損壞任意司法第一次接觸。特別是Medtech公司旋挖鉆機(jī)的公司，主要絞車意大利鼓容量大，單繩纏繞，以加強(qiáng)對(duì)該部隊(duì)的常數(shù)，不重疊繩滾動(dòng)，從而減少鋼絲繩磨損，延長(zhǎng)鋼絲繩壽命。國(guó)外旋挖鉆機(jī)提升更好地利用非旋轉(zhuǎn)彈性繩，以提高生活。
（5）為底盤測(cè)功機(jī)（可用橫向擴(kuò)展與支腿，專業(yè)堆后，3列的支持，寶華，建華等）;旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)專業(yè)底盤（橫向伸縮式底盤，SOILMEC，B200E，拉馬達(dá)等）;履帶起重機(jī)底盤（利勃海爾）;履帶式推土機(jī)的底盤（車長(zhǎng)在這里增加后方支腿，設(shè)備獨(dú)立是IMT在尊重，MGF的）;汽車底盤（改善流動(dòng)性，主要是在城市地區(qū)或要求快速施工的使用不同的場(chǎng)合，如旋轉(zhuǎn)，巨細(xì)胞病毒，SOILMEC其他。） 可變履帶間距的底盤，低重心和可調(diào)重量的設(shè)計(jì)和布局，確保大局的穩(wěn)定，滿足更廣泛的軌道交通需求，降低地面的壓力，比上攀爬，以確保傳輸所需的鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械性能的能力。
（6）機(jī)械和電氣設(shè)計(jì)功能整合
一個(gè)匹配引擎和負(fù)荷（降低燃油消耗，減少噪音），電子控制系統(tǒng);
乙，手動(dòng)和自動(dòng)切換控制列的垂直度（垂直孔保證度）自動(dòng)纏繞系統(tǒng);
?，精度高，旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)位置（以防止樁變形）控制技術(shù);
研發(fā)，鉆孔深度（以防止繩子和確認(rèn)洞太深）測(cè)量和顯示系統(tǒng);
五，故障與起動(dòng)負(fù)荷（絞車過卷）檢測(cè)，并顯示報(bào)警信息系統(tǒng);
男，一個(gè)工作（預(yù)激活狀態(tài)一塊之前自動(dòng)），動(dòng)畫和虛擬儀器顯示系統(tǒng);
G號(hào)，全球定位系統(tǒng)和移動(dòng)電話（及時(shí)快速地接觸）傳輸系統(tǒng);
H型進(jìn)入（提高樁過程）反饋，記錄，打印系統(tǒng);
（7）適應(yīng)各種建筑機(jī)械集團(tuán)
一般用于大口徑旋挖鉆機(jī)螺旋和旋挖斗爭(zhēng)，除了鉆機(jī)模塊化設(shè)計(jì)的多種用途，而且還以適應(yīng)建設(shè)分配如下：
歐杰（CFA）的演練，以及 - 抓斗完全控制，液壓抓斗地下連續(xù)墻，液壓錘，振動(dòng)錘等。日本生產(chǎn)的主要是附加到主旋挖鉆機(jī)。事實(shí)上，這不僅是對(duì)起重機(jī)底盤就像一個(gè)起重機(jī)，一臺(tái)起重機(jī)的外觀，液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)按照旋挖鉆機(jī)的特點(diǎn)。附旋挖鉆機(jī)是一個(gè)多用途（即鉆機(jī)，最重要的特點(diǎn)，也可用于起重機(jī)）的工作范圍，并可以設(shè)置為安裝設(shè)備，擴(kuò)大其缺點(diǎn)是第一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)扭矩太小，壓不長(zhǎng)，垂直鉆機(jī)良好的自我為零。
近年來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)使用的方法和消化，吸收國(guó)外先進(jìn)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上不斷創(chuàng)新，手段，它已經(jīng)開發(fā)了旋挖鉆機(jī)，如山脈，類型多樣，河流和湖泊，徐工集團(tuán)，致力于發(fā)展最終鉆進(jìn);盤旋3月1日重型機(jī)械，煤炭和其他盤旋石家莊發(fā)展的挖掘機(jī)鉆機(jī)結(jié)束。國(guó)內(nèi)雖然國(guó)外產(chǎn)品旋挖鉆機(jī)的整體水平仍遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后，但主要性能已接近國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平，價(jià)格明顯優(yōu)于熱從2003年下半年，國(guó)內(nèi)旋挖鉆機(jī)市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)從進(jìn)口到飛機(jī)取得了飛機(jī)。
目前，中國(guó)制造的旋挖鉆機(jī)品種單一，大多數(shù)產(chǎn)品的扭矩是180 - 220kNm使用者的選擇權(quán)較小，然后，根據(jù)我們的統(tǒng)計(jì)80％-85％樁徑在1200以下的不超過40米的深度，在未來(lái)，可以發(fā)揮多功能旋挖鉆機(jī)的最大優(yōu)勢(shì)，而不是片面的適合我國(guó)國(guó)情的發(fā)展條件和注重扭矩，以滿足國(guó)內(nèi)旋挖鉆機(jī)的施工要求低價(jià)格。而在日本旋挖鉆機(jī)100kNm以下就是一個(gè)例子。二手不少日本進(jìn)口旋挖鉆機(jī)，用戶也很良好的效果。
為提高樁基礎(chǔ)施工質(zhì)量的具體方法，樁負(fù)荷承載能力和增強(qiáng)城市環(huán)境法規(guī)，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行，混合物灌注樁幾乎取代了其他基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，成為使用最廣泛的基礎(chǔ)，國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)外鉆井作業(yè)鉆孔機(jī)（反周期，各類旋挖鉆機(jī)，全套管一），這個(gè)比例是完全不同的，在國(guó)外大直徑混凝土灌注樁施工中，旋挖鉆機(jī)一般占了三分之二以上。反向循環(huán)鉆機(jī)在歐洲市場(chǎng)幾乎不再使用，國(guó)內(nèi)鉆井機(jī)械產(chǎn)品中反循環(huán)鉆機(jī)的產(chǎn)量，近90％。
旋挖鉆機(jī)，因?yàn)榘惭b的功率，輸出扭矩，軸向壓力，靈活性，高效率，環(huán)保及其他特點(diǎn)的不同施工鉆在我國(guó)大部分地區(qū)，為適應(yīng)地質(zhì)條件成為建設(shè)合適的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目孔最佳操作機(jī)器。近年來(lái)，北京地鐵，環(huán)網(wǎng)，特別是青藏鐵路，奧運(yùn)場(chǎng)館，新機(jī)場(chǎng)客運(yùn)大樓和其他重大項(xiàng)目正在建設(shè)資金，旋挖鉆機(jī)高效，環(huán)保，高效率優(yōu)勢(shì)的認(rèn)可。
隨著改革的逐步深化和開放，對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的需求，使得鐵路公路和水路運(yùn)輸，城市公共設(shè)施及土木工程，水利，電力設(shè)施，港口建設(shè)和機(jī)場(chǎng)的樁基礎(chǔ)施工機(jī)械快速發(fā)展?jié)撛诘木薮笫袌?chǎng)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了。僅鐵路建設(shè)，中國(guó)將在2005年接獲的新項(xiàng)目，2020年鐵路建設(shè)總投資超過2億元。高速客運(yùn)專線等作為武器，今年數(shù)百議員，西點(diǎn)太多，如北京，天津進(jìn)入一個(gè)高速客運(yùn)專線的運(yùn)作超過60％橋梁，橋樁的直徑最合適的旋挖鉆機(jī)建設(shè)，這是青藏鐵路后，旋挖鉆機(jī)在鐵路建設(shè)較大規(guī)模的應(yīng)用。
旋挖鉆機(jī)和北部中國(guó)建筑技術(shù)已在南部迅速蔓延，尤其是東南沿海地區(qū)由于地層較軟，深樁一般較大，旋挖鉆機(jī)成孔困難，主要還是反循環(huán)鉆機(jī)。其實(shí)與其他建筑設(shè)備在該區(qū)域的一些旋挖鉆機(jī)，有旋挖鉆機(jī)，套管鉆機(jī)聯(lián)合建設(shè);另一種方法是使用振動(dòng)在中國(guó)已被廣泛用于促進(jìn)樁錘成孔鋼管在軟土，由浙江大學(xué)，寧波金華蘭溪電廠，福建寧德電廠建設(shè)已證明是可行的。
旋挖鉆機(jī)是近幾年大規(guī)模的應(yīng)用，我們有沒有相應(yīng)的產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已用于旋挖鉆機(jī)施工規(guī)范編制，沒有系統(tǒng)的方法，技術(shù)培訓(xùn)不足，有待進(jìn)一步研究的基本理論，旋挖鉆機(jī)并結(jié)合土木工程施工技術(shù)緊密合作。研制旋挖鉆機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)人員應(yīng)與樁基礎(chǔ)施工，對(duì)旋挖鉆機(jī)的工程技術(shù)人員使用熟悉的應(yīng)該有它的工作原理的理解和操作的性能，為此，中國(guó)工程機(jī)械工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)將和有關(guān)科研單位，主機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠家和建設(shè)部門在執(zhí)行有關(guān)的旋挖（的工作原理，液壓技術(shù)，機(jī)電控制技術(shù)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)裝配，安全規(guī)則等）的技術(shù)培訓(xùn)，構(gòu)建經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流和其他活動(dòng)，及時(shí)制定旋挖鉆機(jī)產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，促進(jìn)機(jī)械化和旋挖鉆機(jī)產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)。
Rotary drilling rig in the current situation and prospect of development at home and abroad
With the rapid development of the global economy, continuing to broaden the scope of infrastructure, people-oriented and the idea of protecting the environment-related laws and regulations until the continually strengthening the infrastructure, especially the piles of cast-in-place concrete pile foundation he has almost replaced the basic foundation for a wide range of applications of space. Rotary drilling rig because of its high efficiency and less pollution, more functional features of the comprehensive development to meet the needs of the cast-in-place concrete piles in the domestic construction has been widely used.
The rotary drilling rig for Rotary Drilling Rig English, in addition to various Rotary distribution operations struggle, we need the distribution of short and long helical screw drilling, casing installation Wall Drilling meet shaken grab control devices and so on -- will casing construction; Grab with telescopic rod guide for the underground continuous wall, with DTH for hard rock crusher construction; Be carried out after the replacement of plant and Jet Construction is the construction cycle; Configuration can hydraulic hammer, vibratory hammer, diesel hammer out a pile of other forms, such as construction.
Rotary drilling rig generally applicable clay, silt, sand, silt soil, and back fill with some gravel, stone formation. For the first large dynamic torque and automatic locking stretching drill pipe inside the rig, which can be used in construction of the intersection of breeze. In order to meet the construction requirements of rotary drilling rig is installed chassis and power distribution equipment, and large torque output, flexible, multi-purpose, the construction of high efficiency. Currently, the biggest auger drill hole diameter of 3m, the largest drilling depth of 120m (mainly 40m), the largest drilling torque 620kNm.
The end of the 1990s, China rotary drilling rig owners, only around 100, in 2002, China imported 100 auger drill Taiwan, the deadline for the end of 2003, China had 410,000 rotary drilling rig 350-400 to Taiwan until the end of 2004, 410,000 of rotary drilling rig to Taiwan 450-500.
Rotary drilling rig in the full-rig and the rig rotary struggle developed on the basis of the Second World War, the United States developed the first rotary CALWELD struggle, the short auger. 20th Century 1950s, France BENOTO Pile Foundation Construction will be used in full-rigs, while the European countries to its portfolio and constantly improved and developed into today's multi-function models.
Italy geotechnical companies from the United States, will be installed on the first truck and crawler crane attached to the introduction of the European rig, the head of fixed power and is unable to install the casing, and it is difficult to adapt the hard layer construction, in 1960 Germany and Gaiercigaite Vildt Meanwhile, the company developed the first movable type force. Bauer German company in 1975 to develop a drill pipe equipped with a telescopic BG7 rig, the rig directly from the chassis, with the impetus to lock configuration can achieve compression drill pipe drilling, drilling torque, can be achieved at the close of gravel and rock drilling.
Japan imported from the United States in 1960 CALWELD rotary drilling rig, which was developed 15-H Kato production rig. After supporting the development of a shaken can grab control devices and the rig, built in 1965 Hitachi excavator machine using hydraulic pressure device chassis fitted with rigs, in 1974 developed a hydraulic crawler crane chassis rig driven by hydraulic motors. Hitachi Construction Machinery in 1980 and geotechnical companies to co-develop and expand to improve the bearing capacity of the end of pile construction field. Bauer joined Germany and the Hitachi Construction Machinery alliance with Sumitomo Construction Machinery rotary drilling rig to further promote the development of technology in Japan. Japan's torque rotary drilling rig smaller than similar products in Europe.
At present, major foreign manufacturers of rotary drilling rig : Germany : BAUER, LIEBHERR, Delmag, In respect of, MGF, Italy SoilMec, spin, CMV, B200E, IMT, ENTEGO; Spain : LLAMADA. Japan : Japanese Vehicle, HITACHI, Sumitomo, Kato; Finland : JUNTTAN, TAMROCK; : APE United States, the United Kingdom : BSP Ingersoll-Rand; other.
Tianjin Machinery Plant prospecting 1984 RDI companies from the United States caused the first vehicle rotary drilling rig. 1988 Beijing Urban Construction Machinery Plant imitation of geotechnical engineering company attached 1.5m diameter rotary drill rig. Zhengzhou investigation Machinery Plant in 1994 to introduce British companies BSP attachment rotary drill rig, 1998 Tai Co. Ltd. and Shanghai Cooperation assembly BG15.1999 Bauer Harbin universal Xuzhou Construction Machinery Corporation and construction machinery company has developed a rotary drill rig and attachment type rotary drilling rig. Xinhua tremendous power in 2001 developed the first successful rotary drilling rig. After March 1 2003, reduced intellectual auger drill several manufacturers have come off the assembly line, sell very well.
At present, the rotary drilling rig major manufacturers : Hunan Shanhe intellectual, Hunan, March 1, XCMG, Zoomlion, Xuzhou East that, a huge, Bauer Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, coal, Lianyungang Yellow Harbin universal, Inner Mongolia North gasoline and YUTONG South car era, Shandong Xin, Zhengzhou prospecting.
According to the main technical parameters of rotary drilling rig, such as torque, the hole diameter and drilling depth, engine power, quality components can be divided into three types of small, medium and large.
At present, foreign rotary drilling rig consists of representatives of the European parallelogram linkage plus square column stand-alone, Japan representative of the crawler crane attachment.
Europe's independence rotary drill rig with the following features :
(1) dynamic head by one or more hydraulic drive, one for Bauer, represented by Tang Yong, speed is low, not high-speed reverse. In the other territories, Medtech, Kasane represented by the dynamic operation of the first large one to two variable displacement motors driven by the addition of a high-speed inversion small motor-driven, there is a category of wishful race, directly through the planetary gear reducer to achieve rapid reversal thrown territories. The third simple structure, hydraulic piping to facilitate low-cost, behind a complex hydraulic control tube, drive complex and prone fault, and high cost.
(2) of drill pipe into friction with machine-locking. Intermittent lock into another machine and rack. Friction Drill Pipe stratigraphic drilling for ordinary, hard formation for the drilling machine-locking. Auger drill work, drill pipe a time of tension and compression, shear, torsion, bending stress and other composites. Ouyang distance stretching drill pipe auger drill used by special high-strength alloy seamless tube manufacturers. Design and manufacture have some special requirements. This can be achieved lightweight, Torque, wear, longer life expectancy.
(3) Column box structure, rigid, light weight. Use a square chute wear seamless pipe, facilitate the transmission of torque. Here are three supporting bodies form a parallelogram to a small triangular structure, it is varied in its characteristics, can put an orifice, folded, lower transport height and length. Front drawback is the weight attached slightly stability, can not afford super torque. For a triangular structure, as represented by Bauer, are characterized by simple, stable, able to withstand high torque. Drawback is transported to the package, time-consuming and need assistance lifting equipment, the third company to Llamada, Italy, features high-represented, while also supporting the triangular structure, starting with auxiliary fuel tanks planes, can also uppermost piece of folded, with the advantages of the above two types of structures, novel, economical and practical.
(4) Hoisting of rotary drilling rig in the key components, according to rotary drilling rig construction characteristics of the rig each cycle (on the next hole drilling-drilling-drilling tools-rotary-dumping), the main market volume, the structure and functions are very important, and the drilling efficiency of the level of drilling accident probabilities of life rope length with the main market volumes are closely related. Europe rotary drilling rig has since stopped and power drill pipe to the first contact with the rope device to prevent damage to arbitrary justice. Italy in particular Medtech rotary drilling rig company, the main winch drum of large capacity, single rope winding order to enhance force constant, non-overlapping rope rolling, thereby reducing the rope wear to extend the life of the wire rope. Foreign rotary drilling rig Hoist better use of non-rotating flexible rope to enhance life.
(5) Professional pile into chassis dynamometer (available horizontal expansion, with outrigger after, the three-column support, BAUER, BSP, etc.); Rotary drilling rig professional chassis (horizontal telescoping chassis, SOILMEC, B200E, LLAMADA etc.); Crawler crane chassis (LIEBHERR); Crawler excavators chassis (rear car length Here increase outrigger, the device independent, IMT, In respect of, MGF); Automobile chassis (to improve mobility, mainly in urban areas or require the use of the rapid construction of occasions, such as spin, CMV, SOILMEC other. )
Tracked variable spacing chassis, low center of gravity and the weight of adjustable design and layout, ensuring the overall stability, meet the transport requirements of wider track and lower ground pressure and superior climbing ability than to ensure that the rig site transfer required mechanical properties.
(6) the functional integration of mechanical and electrical design
A matching engine and load (lower fuel consumption, reduced noise), the electronic control system;
B, manual and automatic switching control column vertical degrees (vertical hole-assurance degrees) Auto entangled system;
C, high precision rotary drilling dump location (to prevent pile deformation) control technology;
D, drilling depth (up to prevent rope and confirmation hole too deep) measurement and display system;
E., fault (with load starting, winch off Volume) detection, alarm and display information system;
F, a state of a piece of work (pre-activated automatically before), animation and virtual instrument display system;
G, GPS and mobile phone (rapid contact place in a timely manner) transmission system;
H-into the process of (raising pile) feedback, records, printing systems;
(7) adapt to a variety of construction machinery group
Generally used in large-diameter auger drill helix and Rotary Drilling struggle, in addition to the multi-purpose use of modular design rigs, but also to accommodate the construction allocation is as follows :
Auger (CFA) drill, and -- grab full control, hydraulic grab diaphragm walls, hydraulic hammers, and other vibratory hammer.
Japanese-produced mainly Attached to the main rotary drilling rig. In fact, it is not only the chassis of the crane, just like the appearance of a crane, a platform crane, hydraulic systems are designed in accordance with the characteristics of rotary drilling rig. Attached rotary drilling rig is the most important feature of a multi-purpose (ie, for drilling rigs, cranes can also be used) operating range, and can be set to install equipment to expand its shortcoming is the first dynamic torque is too small, not long pressurized, the vertical drilling rigs good self-nil.
In recent years, domestic use ways and means with digestion and absorption of advanced foreign technology, based on constant innovation, it has developed a variety of types of rotary drilling rig, such as mountains, rivers and lakes, XCMG group dedicated to the development of end-drilling; circled March 1 heavy machinery, coal and other Shijiazhuang Development circled the end of the excavator drilling rig. Domestic rotary drilling rig While the overall level of foreign products still lags far behind, but the main performance has approached the international advanced level, prices significantly superior thermal, from the second half of 2003, domestic rotary drilling rig market has changed from being imported into airplanes have made airplanes.
Currently, China-made rotary drilling rig varieties single most products torque is 180-220kNm users the option of a smaller, and then, according to our statistics of 80%-85% Piles Drive in 1200 following a depth of not more than 40m, in the future, could play a rotary drilling rig multifunctional the greatest advantage, not one-sided emphasis on torque conditions for the development suited to our national conditions, to meet the construction requirements of low prices of domestic rotary drilling rig. Most rotary drilling rig in Japan 100kNm following is an example. Many Japanese imports of second-hand rotary drilling rig, the user is also very good results.
Concrete for improving the quality of the pile foundation construction methods, the Pile load bearing capacity of enhanced and the urban environment and regulations strictly implemented, mixtures Pile almost replaced the other infrastructure, become the most widely used foundation, and the domestic and foreign Drilling operations all kinds of Drilling Machine (Anti-cycle, spin drilling rig, a full set of Tube), the ratio is utterly different, in the large foreign diameter Concrete Pile Construction, spin drilling rig usually accounts for over two thirds. Reverse cycle drill in the European market is almost no longer use and domestic Drilling Machine products in which Reverse Circulation drilling rig the yield, nearly 90% of.
Rotary drilling rig, because of installed power, output torque, axial pressure, flexibility, the construction of high efficiency, environmental protection and other features of different drill, in most parts of our country to adapt to the geological conditions become suitable for building infrastructure projects hole best operating machinery. In recent years, Beijing Metro, ring networks, especially the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Olympic venues, the capital of the new airport terminal building and other major projects under construction, rotary drilling rig efficiency, environmental protection, high efficiency advantages recognized.
With the gradual deepening of reform and opening up, the demand for the domestic market economy makes rail highway and waterway transport, urban public facilities and civil engineering, water conservancy, electricity facilities, port construction and the rapid development of the airport Pile Foundation Construction Machinery potentially huge market has emerged. Only railway construction, China will on a number of new projects in 2005, total investment in railway construction in 2020 to more than two tri
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