高考英語 詞法 第5講 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)課件.ppt

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第5講 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài),1. （2013·北京高考）—Do you think Mom and Dad ______ late? —No, Swiss Air is usually on time. A. were B. will be C. would be D. have been 【解析】選B。考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你認(rèn)為媽媽和爸爸會(huì)遲到嗎？——不會(huì)的，瑞士航空公司的飛機(jī)一向準(zhǔn)時(shí)。通過句意可知是在詢問將要發(fā)生的事情，故使用一般將來時(shí)。,2. （2013·湖南高考）“What do you want to be? ” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I ______ president, ” said the boy, with a smile. A. have been B. am C. was D. will be 【解析】選D?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意：……這個(gè)男孩笑著說“噢，我將會(huì)成為總統(tǒng)”。本題涉及直接引語中的時(shí)態(tài)用法。結(jié)合句意可知用一般將來時(shí)且在直接引語中時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。,3. （2013·湖南高考）Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ______ us. A. bothers B. had bothered C. would bother D. bothered 【解析】選A。考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在每天晚上2點(diǎn)左右的時(shí)候，蘇會(huì)開始說夢(mèng)話。這讓我們有點(diǎn)煩。根據(jù)題干中的時(shí)間狀語(around two o’clock every night)可知，bother這一動(dòng)作為經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,4. （2013·江蘇高考）—What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ______ a rough ride. A. had B. have C. would have D. have had,【解析】選A?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你們昨天的自駕游怎么樣?。俊廴肆?！那條道路正在被擴(kuò)寬，我們一路上車開得顛簸不平。根據(jù)問句中的yesterday可知談?wù)摰氖沁^去的事情，答句中“我們一路上車開得顛簸不平”也表示過去的事情，因此用一般過去時(shí)had。此題中學(xué)生易受“The road is being widened”的誤導(dǎo)而選用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)?！暗缆繁粩U(kuò)寬”不是短時(shí)間內(nèi)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，昨天正在被擴(kuò)建，今天仍然在被擴(kuò)建，因此使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)式。,5. （2013·山東高考）I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it ______ pretty good. A. has been B. was C. had been D. would be 【解析】選B。考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我認(rèn)為我不會(huì)喜歡這部電影，但實(shí)際上電影非常好。結(jié)合語境及didn’t, 動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，陳述一種客觀事實(shí)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過去的影響或結(jié)果，也不表將來，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。,6. （2013·北京高考）Hurry up! Mark and Carol ______ us. A. expect B. are expecting C. have expected D. will expect 【解析】選Ｂ?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意：快點(diǎn)! 馬克和卡羅爾正等著我們呢。由hurry up可以判斷是正在發(fā)生的事情，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。,7. （2013·江西高考）I ______ to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel. A. come B. came C. am coming D. was coming 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我那一天本來想晚些時(shí)候拜訪你，但是又不得不打電話取消了。此處用趨向性動(dòng)詞come的“過去進(jìn)行時(shí)”表示“過去將來時(shí)”。,8. （2013·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ）We ______ very early so we packed the night before. A. leave B. had left C. were leaving D. have left 【解析】選C?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意：因?yàn)槲覀円缭绲仉x開，所以我們?cè)谇耙惶焱砩暇驼硇醒b。根據(jù)句意可知，此處描述的是過去的事情。leave這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在packed這一動(dòng)作之后，所以用過去將來時(shí)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間按計(jì)劃將做某事，故選C。,9. （2013·浙江高考）During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ______ sharply. A. was increasing B. has increased C. had increased D. will be increasing 【解析】選B?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意：近30年來，參加健身活動(dòng)的人數(shù)一直在急劇增加。during the last three decades近30年來，這是包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間段，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志，故選B。,10. （2013·遼寧高考）He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ______ it for a very long time. A. has had B. had had C. has D. had 【解析】選B。考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他賣掉他的吉他的時(shí)候他不高興，畢竟，他擁有它已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間了。賣掉吉他和不高興這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都用了一般過去時(shí)，而擁有吉他一定是在這之前的動(dòng)作，所以要用過去完成時(shí)。,11. （2013·福建高考）The girl has a great interest in sport and ______ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. A. took B. is taking C. takes D. has been taking 【解析】選D?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)女孩對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)有極大的興趣，在過去的三年她一直每周上兩次羽毛球課。上羽毛球課這一動(dòng)作從過去開始一直反復(fù)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能繼續(xù)下去，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。,12. （2013·北京高考）Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ______ into at least ten different films over the past years. A. had been made B. was made C. has been made D. would be made 【解析】選C?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：莎士比亞的戲劇《哈姆雷特》在過去幾年里被制作成了至少十部不同的電影。時(shí)間狀語over the past years與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，且主語與make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式。,13. （2013·北京高考）—So what is the procedure? —All the applicants ______ before a final decision is made by the authority. A. interview B. are interviewing C. are interviewed D. are being interviewed 【解析】選C。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：——那么程序是什么呢？——所有的申請(qǐng)人在官方做出最終決定之前都要被面試。由上下語境可知說話人在陳述一項(xiàng)規(guī)定，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語與interview之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，選C。,14. （2013·湖南高考）If nothing ______, the oceans will turn into fish deserts. A. does B. had been done C. will do D. is done 【解析】選D。考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：要是什么都不做，海洋將變成魚的沙漠。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)態(tài)，故選D。,15. （2013·遼寧高考）We are confident that the environment ______ by our further efforts to reduce pollution. A. had been improved B. will be improved C. is improved D. was improved 【解析】選B?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：通過在減少污染方面的進(jìn)一步努力，我們相信環(huán)境將會(huì)有所改善。根據(jù)句意此處應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)且為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選B。,熱點(diǎn)考向 1 一般時(shí)態(tài) 1. 主要考點(diǎn)： （1）高考對(duì)于一般時(shí)態(tài)的考查主要從現(xiàn)在、過去和將來的角度，從語境和表示時(shí)間的狀語來考查對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)發(fā)生的時(shí)間的判斷，有時(shí)候也通過從句來限定；,（2）注意一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)分。 兩者都表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，主要說明現(xiàn)在的情況；一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)間，不強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系。例如： They’ve gone to Paris. 他們到巴黎去了（說明他們現(xiàn)在去巴黎了，不在這里）。 They went to Paris. 他們?nèi)ミ^巴黎（只說明去過，不表明是否現(xiàn)在仍在那里）。,2. 突破技巧： （1）首先看句子有沒有表示時(shí)間的狀語，依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語推斷時(shí)態(tài)； （2）明確句子語境意義，通過語境透露的信息，把握動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，以此推斷時(shí)態(tài)； （3）把握復(fù)合句中時(shí)態(tài)、上下文句子時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。,【真題變式】用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子 （2012·重慶高考）—Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong? —Well, I ____ （take）a test and I’m waiting for the result.,took,熱點(diǎn)考向 2 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 1. 考查內(nèi)容：主要包括現(xiàn)在、過去和將來。 （1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)分 ① 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用于習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，常伴隨使用頻度副詞usually, often, seldom等；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于表示目前或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常跟時(shí)間狀語now, at present等連用。 He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isn’t writing at present. 他經(jīng)常寫許多信，但他現(xiàn)在沒在寫。,②表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理時(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 The Earth goes around the Sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。,（2）一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)分 ①一般過去時(shí)表示一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 I was reading a novel last night. 昨晚我在看小說（可能沒看完）。 I read a novel last night. 我昨晚看了一本小說（已經(jīng)看完了）。 ②一般過去時(shí)用于表示一個(gè)單純動(dòng)作，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用于表示過去一段時(shí)間反復(fù)做的動(dòng)作。 Did he ask questions? 他提問題了嗎？ He was asking questions the whole time. 他始終在提問題。,(3)一般將來時(shí)與將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)分 一般將來時(shí)表示對(duì)“現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻”來說，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或?qū)⒁嬖诘臓顟B(tài)；而將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 She is sixteen, who will be seventeen next year. 她十六歲，明年將十七歲。 What will you be doing at this time next Monday? 下周一的這時(shí)候你將會(huì)在做什么呢？,2. 突破技巧： （1）根據(jù)語境把握動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行和發(fā)生； （2）從某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)推知正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。,【真題變式】翻譯下面句子 （2012福建高考）—When did the computer crash? —This morning, while I was sorting the reading materials downloaded from some websites. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________,——電腦什么時(shí)候死機(jī)的？——今天早上，在我整理從某,些網(wǎng)站下載的閱讀材料時(shí)（發(fā)生的）。,熱點(diǎn)考向 3 完成時(shí)態(tài) 1. 主要考點(diǎn)：一般從現(xiàn)在、過去兩種情況的完成時(shí)進(jìn)行命題。 過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別： 過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，在句中一般有另一過去時(shí)間或動(dòng)作與它相比較，它是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，表示的是過去的過去，只有在和過去某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才用到它；一般過去時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。,She had learned some English before she came to our school. 她來我們學(xué)校以前學(xué)過一些英語（come to our school是過去發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，learn English是come to our school以前的情況）。 We had had breakfast when she came. 她來時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)吃過早飯了（come 是過去發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，have breakfast是發(fā)生在come之前的事情）。,2. 突破技巧： （1）句子與典型的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用； （2）通過前后句子表示的語境、造成的影響或動(dòng)作的持續(xù)、動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后來判斷； （3）把握特定句式中的完成時(shí)態(tài)。,【真題變式】用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子 （2012·湖南高考）—I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me? —Sorry, I _____________(play) the piano for years.,haven’t played,熱點(diǎn)考向 4 完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 1. 命題方式： （1）以對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查居多； （2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)分 ①現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去開始的一個(gè)動(dòng)作到目前為止已經(jīng)完成；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作仍繼續(xù)。 I’ve read Tiny Times. 我已經(jīng)看過《小時(shí)代》了（已經(jīng)完成）。 I have been reading Tiny Times these days. 這些天我一直在看《小時(shí)代》（仍在繼續(xù)）。,②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動(dòng)作的現(xiàn)在結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)如表示剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。 I have written him a letter. 我給他寫了一封信（到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)寫完了）。 I have been writing a letter since three o’clock. 我從三點(diǎn)以來一直在寫信（強(qiáng)調(diào)一直在寫，不表明是否寫完）。,③現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般不適用于狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，要表示狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的“仍在繼續(xù)”用法，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 I have known him since children. 我從小就認(rèn)識(shí)他（不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）。,2. 突破技巧： 體會(huì)不同語境下表示的時(shí)態(tài)含義，根據(jù)具體語境判斷。 【真題變式】用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 （2012·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ）The manager ______________（tell） the workers how to improve the program since 9 a. m. .,has been telling,熱點(diǎn)考向 5 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1. 命題角度： (1)主語不能發(fā)出動(dòng)作，兩者關(guān)系為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系； (2)特殊的系表結(jié)構(gòu)或用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。,2. 突破技巧： （1）分析主謂，弄清主語與謂語的關(guān)系，判斷主語能不能發(fā)出謂語的動(dòng)作； （2）掌握特殊動(dòng)詞用法：①不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞類（look，seem，feel，taste，sound，smell，prove，appear等）；②表示主語特征的詞（read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock等）； （3）get的一些常見構(gòu)成短語（get paid/lost/hurt等）。,（4）主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 ①在need，want，require, deserve, bear等動(dòng)詞、worth等形容詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 這所房子需要修理。 ②在某些“主語（人/物）+be+形容詞＋不定式”中不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 The problem is difficult to work out. 這道題很難計(jì)算出。,③be to rent/blame/let也屬于主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 誰應(yīng)為這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤接受譴責(zé)？ （5）主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別： 主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。,【真題變式】（2012·遼寧高考）Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I _______（發(fā)工資） on Friday.,get paid,【命題小試】 請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下對(duì)話內(nèi)容命制一道動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的題目 —Someone has tidied the sitting room! —Jim did it this morning; he couldn’t bear the mess any more．,【參考答案】—Someone has tidied the sitting room! —Jim ______ it this morning; he couldn’t bear the mess any more． A. has done B. did C. had done D. would do 【解析】選B。this morning 是過去時(shí)間狀語，結(jié)合上句has tidied可知發(fā)生了，故選B。,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 1 忽視語境或邏輯關(guān)系中體現(xiàn)的時(shí)態(tài) （母題）The famous reporter, who is said to have gone back to America last year, ______ in China for almost twenty years. A. lived B. was living C. has lived D. have been living 【解析】選A。句意：這位著名記者，據(jù)說去年就回到了美國(guó)，在中國(guó)生活了將近20年。此處由語境“who is said to have gone back to America last year”可知記者去年回國(guó)，現(xiàn)在不在中國(guó)居住，此處提到的在中國(guó)居住的情況是以前的事情，是與現(xiàn)在的比較，應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。,（變式）The famous reporter, who is said to go to America next year,______ in China for almost twenty years. A. lived B. was living C. has lived D. had lived 【解析】選C。句意：這位著名記者，據(jù)說明年就去美國(guó)，在中國(guó)生活了將近20年。此處由語境“who is said to go to America next year”可知記者明年去美國(guó)，現(xiàn)在在中國(guó)居住，表示的是從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的事情，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。,【誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】 ①正確把握各類時(shí)態(tài)的用法，仔細(xì)辨析區(qū)別； ②辨析句子中的時(shí)間狀語，結(jié)合語境把握準(zhǔn)時(shí)間段； ③體會(huì)語境或句子意思所透露的時(shí)間信息。,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 2 誤用其他相近結(jié)構(gòu) （母題）Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ______ before the party. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 【解析】選A。句意：薩拉，快一點(diǎn)。在舞會(huì)開始前我擔(dān)心你沒有時(shí)間換衣服了。根據(jù)句意“換衣服”可知用A。get changed=get dressed。dress的賓語為人。,（變式）Sarah, hurry up, or you’ll be late for class. Don’t stay up, and you should ______ your lifestyle. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 【解析】選D。句意：薩拉，快一點(diǎn)。否則你會(huì)上課遲到，不要熬夜，你應(yīng)該逐漸改變你的生活方式。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)改變生活方式是一個(gè)漸進(jìn)過程，故用get to do sth. 。,【誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】 ①掌握英語結(jié)構(gòu)中的be done=get done形式，兩者的微小區(qū)別在于be done常用于表示狀態(tài)，get done常用于表示動(dòng)作； ②把握主語與謂語的關(guān)系，根據(jù)主語能不能發(fā)出謂語的動(dòng)作來判斷主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)形式。,1. (2013·杭州模擬) My husband ______ a model plane the whole Sunday morning. I thought he would help do some washing. A. has made B. made C. was making D. had made 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我丈夫整個(gè)星期天上午都在做飛機(jī)模型。我原認(rèn)為他會(huì)幫忙洗洗東西。時(shí)間狀語the whole Sunday morning說明了此動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性，thought又點(diǎn)明了是過去時(shí)間，故選過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。,2. （2013·煙臺(tái)模擬）Hurry up! Flight 406 ______ off at 18: 40. A．takes B．took C．will be taken D．has taken 【解析】選A。考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：趕快! 406飛機(jī)要在18: 40起飛。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)，飛機(jī)起飛為客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選項(xiàng)A合適。,3. —Lucy, how are you getting on with your composition? —I have rewritten it so many times that I wonder if I ______ it． A．finish B．finished C．have finished D．will finish 【解析】選D?？疾橐话銓頃r(shí)。句意：——露西，你作文寫得怎么樣了？——我重寫了這么多次以至于我懷疑是否我會(huì)寫完它。根據(jù)語境“還沒有寫完”可知用一般將來時(shí)。連詞if引導(dǎo)的句子為賓語從句，可以用will表示將來時(shí)。,4. —How long have you known John? —Since he ______ to our class. A. has come B. came C. had come D. comes 【解析】選B?？疾橐话氵^去時(shí)。句意：——你認(rèn)識(shí)約翰多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？——自從他來我們班我就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。since“自從……以來”，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用一般過去時(shí)。,5. （2013·玉溪模擬）Mr. White ______ in Los Angeles for years, but recently he has already adapted to living in China. A. was living B. had lived C. has lived D. lived 【解析】選D?？疾橐话氵^去時(shí)。句意：懷特先生在洛杉磯居住多年，但是最近他已適應(yīng)了在中國(guó)的生活。根據(jù)“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)住在中國(guó)”推知在洛杉磯居住為過去的情況，故用一般過去時(shí)，選項(xiàng)D合適。,6. （2013·南昌模擬）—What do you think of this novel? —Er . . . sorry. I ______. What did you say? A. didn’t listen B. hadn’t listened C. haven’t listened D. wasn’t listening 【解析】選D?？疾檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——你怎么評(píng)價(jià)這部小說？——哦……抱歉。我沒有聽。你說什么？根據(jù)語境“你說什么？”推知“當(dāng)時(shí)沒有聽”為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選項(xiàng)D合適。,7. —Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you? —Why that early? I ______ then. A. have slept B. have been sleeping C. will sleep D. will be sleeping 【解析】選D?？疾閷磉M(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——明天早上六點(diǎn)給我打電話好嗎？——為什么那么早？那時(shí)我還在睡覺呢。根據(jù)“明天；那時(shí)還在……”可知“睡覺”為將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故選項(xiàng)D合適。,8. （2013·衢州模擬）When we first met on a train in 2000, we both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years. A. know B. had known C. knew D. have known 【解析】選B?？疾檫^去完成時(shí)。句意：2000年第一次在火車上見面時(shí)，我們兩個(gè)都立刻感覺到彼此已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)許多年了。根據(jù)“火車上相見”為過去，“認(rèn)識(shí)許多年”發(fā)生在見面前為過去的過去，故用過去完成時(shí)，選項(xiàng)B合適。,9. （2013·瓊海模擬）—I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? —Sorry. I ______ myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadn’t made B. haven’t made C. don’t make D. wouldn’t make 【解析】選B?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——抱歉，我不是很明白你的意思。你說你們想9月20號(hào)回來嗎？——抱歉。我沒有把我的意思表達(dá)清楚，我們想10月20號(hào)回來。根據(jù)語境這種“表達(dá)”已經(jīng)發(fā)生并對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，選項(xiàng)B合適。,10. Since Jack was laid off from his job three months ago, he ______ a new one, but without luck. A. looked for B. had looked for C. is looking for D. has been looking for 【解析】選D?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：自從杰克三個(gè)月前失業(yè)以來，他一直在找新工作，但是缺乏運(yùn)氣。根據(jù)語境推知“尋找工作”的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生并且持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。,11. My money ______. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I have none in hand. A. has been run out of B. has been run out C. has run out D. is running out 【解析】選D。考查將來時(shí)和語態(tài)。句意：我的錢馬上要花完了，我必須在手頭上沒有錢之前去銀行取出些積蓄來。此處run out為不及物動(dòng)詞短語，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，用be+doing形式表將來。,12. In general, most tennis ______ on hard courts or on clay． A. plays B. is played C. has played D. has been played 【解析】選B?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。句意：一般來說，多數(shù)的網(wǎng)球都是在硬地或黏土地球場(chǎng)玩的。網(wǎng)球與玩為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，語境為客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。,