2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Unit16 Stories短語(yǔ).典句.考點(diǎn) 北師大版選修6.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Unit16 Stories短語(yǔ).典句.考點(diǎn) 北師大版選修6 1. e into view 出現(xiàn) 【經(jīng)典例句】When you are reading the novel, a fantasy will e into view in your mind. 當(dāng)你讀這本小說(shuō)的時(shí)候，在你的腦海里會(huì)出現(xiàn)夢(mèng)幻般的形象。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1)view指視力,視野時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞；指（從某處看到的）景色時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。 2）view指“看法，想法”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。常與介詞on或about連用。例如：What are your views about his resignation?你對(duì)他辭職有什么想法？ 3)e into view作“出現(xiàn)”講時(shí)，常用表示“物”的名詞作主語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： As the thief came into view, the policeman caught him. 小偷一出現(xiàn)，警察就抓住了他。 4) 注意下列短語(yǔ)的用法: at first view初看, 一見(jiàn)(就) be lost to view看不見(jiàn)了 in one’s view依某人看/的觀點(diǎn) in view of sth.鑒于;由于;考慮到 burst upon the view突然映入眼簾 fall in with sb.s views和某人意見(jiàn)一致 take long views作長(zhǎng)期打算; 有先見(jiàn)之明相關(guān)短語(yǔ)： have a good view 對(duì)……有很好的看法（見(jiàn)解）；能很好地看見(jiàn) 【活學(xué)活用】單句改錯(cuò)： 1)Several possible buyers have e into view the house. 2)He had good view on the subject of equal pay for men and women. 3)We had a fine view from the lake from our hotel window. 答案： 1. 把into改為to 2. 在good 前加a 3. from改為of 2.knock over 撞倒某人 【經(jīng)典例句】That evening, Mrs. Li was knocked over on her way to school down by a drunk man. 那天晚上，李老師在去學(xué)校的路上，被一個(gè)醉漢撞倒了。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1）knock over還有“使驚奇 ，消除”之意。 2）要記住以knock為中心的短語(yǔ)： 3）作“碰撞”講時(shí)，是不及物動(dòng)詞，常和介詞over, down連用。 I knocked over the glass and spit the water. 我打翻了杯子，水灑了。 Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. 有時(shí)我覺(jué)得這房子會(huì)被過(guò)往的飛機(jī)撞塌。 4）作“敲打”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞， 常接表示“人”的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如： As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.當(dāng)這個(gè)人走近時(shí),戰(zhàn)俘猛地一拳將他打翻在地。 5）knock about作“閑置，漫游”講時(shí)，是不及物動(dòng)詞。 Thats been knocking about the house for years. 那東西在房子里已經(jīng)閑置幾了。 Hes knocked about Africa all his life. 他在非洲漂泊一生。 5）記住短語(yǔ)： knock at/on 在…上敲 knock off 敲掉；減去 knock down 撞到；降價(jià) knock dead一拳打死 【活學(xué)活用】選擇正確的形式填空： A. had knocking about B. had been knocking about C. Knock at D. knocked over 1) Helen was blind so she the glass and spit the water. 2) the door first before you enter the teachers’ office. 3) Having failed in the exam, poor Tim in the street for hours before he came home. 答案： 1. D 2. C 3. B 3. block out 堵住 【經(jīng)典例句】As we all know, black clouds can never block out the sun. 眾所周知，烏云永遠(yuǎn)遮不住太陽(yáng)。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1) block n. 一塊；一個(gè)障礙。 例如： Recently the professor often has a memory block. 近來(lái)教授常常出現(xiàn)記憶不起的情況。 2）作“堵住”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞， 常接光線(xiàn)、洪水之類(lèi)的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如 They blocked out the flood out of their city.他們把洪水擋在城市外面。 3）作“抹去”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞， 常接抽象意義的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如 Over the years Helen had tried to block out that part of her life, but she couldn’t.多來(lái), 海倫努力想把她生命中的那一段經(jīng)歷從記憶中抹去,但是，她做不到。 4）block out還有作“擬大綱,設(shè)計(jì)”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，常接表示plan的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如：I have blocked out a plan of the house but have given no details.我已畫(huà)出房子的草圖,但尚未標(biāo)出細(xì)節(jié)。 5）牢記下面的短語(yǔ)： a block in traffic交通阻塞 in block整批, 全部, 整個(gè)兒 knock sb.s block off 用拳頭連續(xù)打某人; 使某人吃苦頭 block in堵塞, 封閉 block off 封鎖; 阻止 【活學(xué)活用】漢譯英： 1）那位老人成了事故的受害者，并阻塞了交通。 2）那位小說(shuō)家已勾畫(huà)出的小說(shuō)的框架，但尚未標(biāo)出細(xì)節(jié)。 答案： 1）The old man became the victim of the accident and blocked the traffic. 2）The novelist has blocked out a plan of the novel but has given no details. 4. in a way 從某種程度上說(shuō) 【經(jīng)典例句】In a way, a teacher is like a dictionary, particularly an English teacher. 從某種程度上說(shuō), 教師象一本字典，特別是英語(yǔ)老師。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1)way n. 道路;習(xí)慣;行為方式; 規(guī)模。 2）in a way 作“從某種程度上說(shuō)”講時(shí)，指從某個(gè)角度去看待某個(gè)事物，發(fā)現(xiàn)某事物具有某特征。不能翻譯成“在一條路里”。如： No rain will cause the plants to death, while , in a way, too much rain water will cause flood. 沒(méi)有水，植物會(huì)干渴而死。然而，從某種程度上說(shuō)，太多的水能夠?qū)е潞樗? 3)by the way作“順便說(shuō)說(shuō)”講時(shí)，常常作狀語(yǔ)，表示順便提起某事。如： By the way, what happened to the money? 順便問(wèn)一句，那筆錢(qián)后來(lái)怎么樣了？ 4）注意下列短語(yǔ)的意義差別: by way of 通過(guò)；經(jīng)由 in the way擋道的 in no way 決不 in one way…, in another way… 一方面……，另一方面…… on the way to 在去……的路中或在干某事的過(guò)程中 out of the way反常的；異常的 4）牢記下列以way為中心構(gòu)成的常用動(dòng)詞搭配： be/ stand in sb. s way 妨礙某人, 阻撓某人 get in the way 妨礙 find ones way out of設(shè)法走出；擺脫 give way (to) 讓步；退讓?zhuān)幌?；消? 【活學(xué)活用】利用上面的短語(yǔ)完成下面的句子： 1) Rome, he have a good view of some preserved authentic characteristic European architectures. 2)Stress （壓力）is a natural part of everyday life and there is to avoid it. 答案： 1. On the way to 2. no way 5. e across 偶然遇到 【經(jīng)典例句】She came across some old photographs in the ruins. 她在廢墟里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些舊照片。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1）作“偶然遇到”講時(shí)，＝meet with, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的偶然性。常接表示“物”的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如：I came across a violinist playing his musical instrument with sorrow on his face. 我偶然遇到一位小提琴手悲傷地演奏樂(lè)器。 We came across an old man lying in the road.我們碰見(jiàn)一位老人躺在路上。 而meet含有安排會(huì)見(jiàn)的意義。如：I will meet an old friend in tht airport.我將到機(jī)場(chǎng)接一位老朋友。 2)e across 作“出現(xiàn)于”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞， A very good idea came across his mind. 他的腦海里出現(xiàn)一個(gè)好主意。 3)e across 在口語(yǔ)中，有“給人印象深刻；交付”之意。 4）要記住以e為中心的其他短語(yǔ)： e into being 形成 e about發(fā)生 e along進(jìn)展；進(jìn)步；進(jìn)行 e down傳遞；傳給 e through 經(jīng)歷；脫險(xiǎn) e to涉及；談及 e to oneself恢復(fù)從容；恢復(fù)知覺(jué)，蘇醒 e under受…支配；由…控制 e close to靠近 e up 出現(xiàn) e up against 遭遇反對(duì)； 碰到困難 e up with 想出計(jì)劃；作出反應(yīng) 【活學(xué)活用】1） When the old man realized that he death, he gave out all of his money to the poor people , without leaving a penny to his own children. A. came up to Ｂ. came close to C. came down to 　D . came into 2)The train center _____in the early 1990s. A. came out Ｂ. came into being C. came over 　D. came from 答案： 1.B 2. B 6.hold up 支撐起 【經(jīng)典例句】She，a worker, is holding up well under the pressure of hardship as a pillar in her family. 她，一個(gè)工人，作為家里的頂梁柱，正在忍受貧窮的壓力。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1)hold握??；掌握 = take hold of, get hold of, catch hold of, lay hold of, keep hold of 2)hold up作“支撐起”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞， 常接表示“物”的名詞作賓語(yǔ),表示支撐起某個(gè)物體。接表示人的名詞作賓語(yǔ)，表示在支撐起家庭，養(yǎng)家活口，擔(dān)當(dāng)重任。如：He had to hold up his family after his father was ill. 他父親病后， 他擔(dān)當(dāng)起家庭的重任。 3）hold up 還有“展示；提出……作榜樣”之意，＝ take sb. as an example, 例如：She’s always holding up her children as models of good behavior. 她總是舉例說(shuō)自己的孩子表現(xiàn)如何好。 4）牢記相關(guān)短語(yǔ)： hold against 歸咎于；責(zé)怪 hold back阻止 hold down壓抑；壓低；控制 hold off 保持距離；不接近 hold on（打電話(huà)時(shí)用語(yǔ)）請(qǐng)等一下，不要掛上 hold to堅(jiān)持；遵循，to 是介詞，后接名詞和動(dòng)名詞。 hold out持續(xù) hold up 阻礙 hold one’s breath屏住呼吸； 【活學(xué)活用】單項(xiàng)填空： 1）　　　　　your hand if you have question and you will get a reply. A. To hold up B. Hold up C. Holding up D. Held up 2）The Chinese people are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ___ in Beijing in xx. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 答案： 1. B 2. D 7. count on 依靠 【經(jīng)典例句】 1) ---- Don’t tease me. I’m sure he’ll help me. -----Don’t count on it. You will be discouraged，in particularly when you are lack of money. 不要嘲笑我，我肯定他會(huì)幫忙。 那可靠不住，你會(huì)失望的，尤其是當(dāng)你缺錢(qián)的時(shí)候。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1）count v. 計(jì)算；認(rèn)為, 有價(jià)值 1)同義短語(yǔ)：rely on v. 依賴(lài); depend on依靠 2)count on作“依靠”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，常常構(gòu)成不定式count on sb. to do sth.指望某人干某事。如：You can count on my help.你可以依賴(lài)我的幫助。 You can count on him to help.你可以指望他幫忙。 He is that kind of man that can’t be counted on. 他不是能夠信賴(lài)的那種人。 3)count on作“期待，對(duì)…有信心”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以接動(dòng)名詞。如： The workers counted on getting a raise next month. 工人們期待下個(gè)月獲得加薪。 4）注意下列短語(yǔ)的用法: count it an honor to do sth.把做某事引以為榮 count down 倒數(shù)計(jì)時(shí) 【活學(xué)活用】單句改錯(cuò)： 1)As time goes on, few people can count to have only one job for life. 2)The workers are counting on getting a raise, but the boss have no money. 答案： 1. to have改為 on having 2. counting改為 being counted 8. figure out 理解 【經(jīng)典例句】I would sit in class feeling pletely lost. I couldn’t figure out how I was going to answer the teachers questions. 我坐在教室里，完全走神了，搞不懂怎樣回答老師的問(wèn)題。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】figure vt. 塑造, 表示；演算 1) figure out 還有“計(jì)算出, 解決, 斷定”之意。 2) 形近詞：finger out 用指頭摸弄出來(lái) 3）finger out 作“理解”講時(shí)＝understand， 常接表示疑問(wèn)意義的從句。如： Can you finger out what he really meant? 你能才猜測(cè)出他是什么意思。 4）作“解出。找出”講時(shí)，常接way, answer等詞作賓語(yǔ)。如： He has fingered out the best answer to the questions while a grown-ups hasn’t. 他算出了問(wèn)題的答案，然而，一個(gè)大人卻不能。 5）牢記下面的常用搭配： figure in計(jì)算在其中 figure on ＝count on依靠 figure out at總共..., 合計(jì)... figure up總計(jì), 把...總加起來(lái) 【活學(xué)活用】漢譯英： 1)讓我們來(lái)找出幫助的辦法吧。 2)我們指望你們會(huì)早些來(lái)幫助我們。 答案： 1)Lets figure out a way to help. 2)We figure on your ing early to help us. 9. end up 以……結(jié)束， 以……告終 【經(jīng)典例句】Facts proves that most of those who haven’t listened to their teachers will end up with nothing, that is, at a loose end. 事實(shí)證明大多數(shù)不聽(tīng)話(huà)的學(xué)生，將會(huì)一無(wú)所有, 也就是，無(wú)所事事。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1) end up作“以……結(jié)束”講，是及物動(dòng)詞，常常接the meeting, the class, the party, the speech作賓語(yǔ)，要表達(dá)以某種方式結(jié)束，要用end up with。 2）要記住以end為中心的短語(yǔ)： in the end =eventually 最終地；終于 at a loose end 無(wú)所事事 at an end 完成 end in造成…結(jié)果 end on 兩端相撞 end to end 頭尾相接 end up with 以…結(jié)束 go off the deep end 異常激動(dòng)；發(fā)火 keep ones end up （面對(duì)困難）堅(jiān)持不懈 make (both) ends meet 收支相抵 【活學(xué)活用】1）-----Maybe you’ll as a fail, like me. ------God forbid! A. in the end B. end to end C. at a loose end D. end up 2) of , the small workshop had bee a large factory which employed 728 people. A. In the end B. On end C. By the end D. At an end 答案：1. D 2. C 10. put up with忍受；容忍 【經(jīng)典例句】Li Jiangjun, a middle school student, has to put up with being played jokes on his name with general. 李將軍，是一個(gè)中學(xué)生，不得不忍受大家對(duì)他的名字“將軍”的嘲笑。 We couldn’t put up with the noise around our school any more. 我們?cè)僖踩萑滩涣藢W(xué)校周?chē)脑胍袅恕? 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1）同義詞：bear忍受；忍耐 2）put up with作“忍受；容忍”講時(shí)，＝stand, 后接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞，表示忍受某種折磨。如： I can’t put up with sitting with Li Yuguo.But he refuses to stop talking at class. 我實(shí)在忍受不了和李玉國(guó)坐在一起，他不停的說(shuō)話(huà)。 3) 辨析：put up with, put up和 put up to put up with 忍受；put up 舉起；抬起;張貼；put up to鼓動(dòng)；唆使……做…… to 是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 3）牢記以put為中心的短語(yǔ)：put aside節(jié)??；儲(chǔ)蓄； put away儲(chǔ)蓄; put back撥回; put down寫(xiě)下；平定；put forward to提出; put off延期；put on穿上；假裝；put out熄滅；關(guān)熄； 出版； put through接通電話(huà)； put together商量；put up舉起；抬起。 【活學(xué)活用】用put短語(yǔ)的正確的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)完成句子： 1）Jasper “No Parking”signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. 2）The meeting was because of the rain. 答案：1）has put up 2）put off 11. in particular 特別, 尤其 【經(jīng)典例句】The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent. 整頓飯都很好，尤其葡萄酒更好。 She stressed that point in particular that she loves science fiction in particular. 她特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了那一點(diǎn)她尤其喜愛(ài)科幻小說(shuō)。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1）牢記短語(yǔ)：nothing in particular 無(wú)所事事； be particular about /over 講究。 2) 構(gòu)詞：particularity n. 個(gè)性；特性。 3)in particular作“特別, 尤其”講時(shí)，作狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)某人和某事情在某一方面很突出。 She is so strict with the housework in particular that servants will not work for her. 她對(duì)家務(wù)活太挑剔了, 以致于傭人們不愿給她干活。 4)辨析in particular和particularly： 兩者都表示“尤其；特別”，但是in particular位于名詞后面，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾整個(gè)句子。 particularly是副詞，位于系動(dòng)詞后，形容詞或介詞之前。 【活學(xué)活用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子： The teacher stressed that point that we should the disabled child. 老師特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了那一點(diǎn)我們要特別關(guān)心那個(gè)殘疾兒童。 答案： in particular; show particular concern for 12. now that 既然， 由于 【經(jīng)典例句】Now that you are sitting in the classroom, you should pay all your attention to your studies. 既然你坐在教室里，你應(yīng)該把你的精力全部用到學(xué)習(xí)上。 You ought to have a good rest now that youve finished the work. 既然已完成了工作,你就應(yīng)該好好休息一下。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1）now that作“現(xiàn)在既然已經(jīng)如此……”講時(shí)，是連詞，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表示因果關(guān)系的狀語(yǔ)從句。如：You ought to have a good rest now that youve finished the work.既然已完成了工作,你就應(yīng)該好好休息一下。 2）注意其他相似連詞的用法: since既然；因?yàn)?，引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 only if只有，只要，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 even though即便，縱使，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 once一旦……，就……，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 in case萬(wàn)一……，以防……，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 【活學(xué)活用】 單項(xiàng)填空 1）______ a beginning is made, the work is half done. A. As B. Now that C. Once D. In case 2）I’ll draw a map for you _____ you can’t find our house. A. even if B. so that C. in order that D. in case 答案： 1. C 2. D 13.refer to 查閱；提到；涉及；提交 【經(jīng)典例句】Please refer to the last page of the book for answers. 要尋找答案,請(qǐng)查閱書(shū)的最后一頁(yè)。 Dont refer to this matter again, please. 請(qǐng)別再提這件事。 The rule refers only to special cases. 這條規(guī)則只涉及一些特殊的情況。 The doctor referred the patient to a specialist. 這位醫(yī)生把病人介紹給專(zhuān)門(mén)醫(yī)生診治。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1）作“提到”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，后接article, poetry, matter或接表示人的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如： When I referred to Tang Poetry, I meant it was Li Bai’s poems. 當(dāng)我提到唐詩(shī)的時(shí)候，我指的是李白的詩(shī)歌。 In his speech, he referred to the Bible several times.他在演說(shuō)中好幾次提到圣經(jīng)。 I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young lad. 當(dāng)這位太太說(shuō)起一個(gè)聰明小伙子時(shí),我知道她指的是比爾。 2)作“涉及”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，后接rule, problem等詞。如： The rule refers only to special cases.這條規(guī)則只涉及一些特殊的情況。 3)作“查閱”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞， 后接page,book, dictionary,如： Please refer to the last page of the book for answers. 尋找答案,請(qǐng)查閱書(shū)的最后一頁(yè)。 4)refer to 還有“把...歸因于; 認(rèn)為...起源于”的意思。如：He referred all his troubles to bad luck.他將他的一切麻煩都?xì)w因于運(yùn)氣不好。 He referred his success to the good teaching he had had.他把他的成功歸于他以前所受的良好教育。 5）常用短語(yǔ)：refer to…as … 稱(chēng)……為…… People tend to refer to hospitality industry as “window industry”. 人們習(xí)慣把服務(wù)行業(yè)當(dāng)作“窗口行業(yè)”。 【活學(xué)活用】 單項(xiàng)填空 1） I knew the lady was Bill when she spoke of a bright young lady. A. referred B. refers to C. referred to D. referring to 2）（05’福建）— Is that the small town you often refer to? — Right, just the one you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C. where D. what 答案：1.D 2.C 14. on the other hand 另一方面 【經(jīng)典例句】Knowledge can be gotten from books. Practical experience, on the other hand, can give us more useful knowledge. 知識(shí)來(lái)源于課本，另一方面，實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)給我們更多有用的知識(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1) on (the) one hand… on the other hand….一方面……另一方面……, 表示兩方面論述一個(gè)事物。相當(dāng)于on one side …on the other side…。如：On (the) one hand , I am your teacher, on the other hand, I am your frien. 一方面我是你們的學(xué)生，另一方面，我是你們的朋友。 2）on the contrary 相反的。 3)牢記下面短語(yǔ)的用法： at first hand得自直接的體驗(yàn) at hand近處；即將到來(lái) bring up by hand親手喂養(yǎng) get ones hand in使技能保持熟練 get the upper hand占上風(fēng) hand in glove關(guān)系密切；共謀 hand in hand關(guān)系密切地；手拉著手地 on every hand四面八方，四周 【活學(xué)活用】用以上的短語(yǔ)填空： 1)He kept wondering why people who had so much money were never satisfied but were always wanting more. 2)Power and money go just as dirt and disease go hand in hand. 3）A: Have you finished your homework? B: I haven’t begun yet. 答案： 1. on the contrary 2. hand in hand 3. On the contrary