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1、Unit 8Have you read Treasure Island yet? Grammar FocusHave you read Little Women yet? Yes, I have./No, I havent.Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks its fantastic.Have you decided which book to write about yet? Yes, I have. Ive already finished reading it. It was really good.
2、現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時(shí) ： 結(jié)構(gòu)： 主語(yǔ)+ have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一 般 疑 問(wèn) 句： have / has ? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Yes, she has. No, she hasnt. 1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語(yǔ)連用。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過(guò)去分詞have breakfastI have just had my breakfast. (現(xiàn)在我不餓)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2004 I still live
3、here nowpast 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法:(1)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。I have already read Treasure Island.I have returned the book to the library.I have bought a new house. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): (1) 用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中, yet一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。We have already finished our homework.We havent finished our homework yet. Have
4、you finished doing your homework yet? already一般用于肯定句，用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)表示驚訝，出乎意料。常放于句中，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，助動(dòng)詞之后。yet一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。常放在句尾，not yet常用在答語(yǔ)中，意為“尚未；還沒(méi)有”。 (2) 用ever和never。多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中,表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未”等。 Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？ No, I have never been to the Great Wall. 不, 我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。 No, never. 不， 從來(lái)沒(méi)有。 現(xiàn)在完
5、成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): (3) 用副詞just和before。I have just finished my homework.They have never visited the Great Wall before. Have you ever been to Hong Kong before? (4) 用表示到說(shuō)話為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), 如so far/up to now, in the past/ last few years等。So far we have learned seven unitsDeqing has changed a lot in the past / last few y
6、ears. everjust alreadyyete.g. Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.（5）. just, already, yet, before/ ever, never有此類副詞時(shí),常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù). 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表 示 過(guò) 去 發(fā) 生 或 已 經(jīng) 完 成 的 某 一 動(dòng) 作對(duì) 現(xiàn) 在 造 成 的 影 響 或 結(jié) 果 ， 或 從 過(guò) 去 開(kāi) 始 一 直 延 續(xù)到
7、現(xiàn) 在 的 動(dòng) 作 或 保 存 的 狀 態(tài) ， 強(qiáng) 調(diào) 的 是 現(xiàn) 在 的 情 況 ，不 能 和 表 示 過(guò) 去 的 時(shí) 間 狀 語(yǔ) 連 用 （ 如 ： in 1990，last Sunday 等 ） 。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一 般 過(guò) 去 時(shí) 只 表 示 過(guò) 去 的 動(dòng) 作 或 狀 態(tài) ，和 現(xiàn) 在 不 發(fā) 生 關(guān) 系 （ 即 動(dòng) 作 或 狀 態(tài) 在 現(xiàn) 在 已 經(jīng) 結(jié)束 ） ， 它 可 以 和 表 示 過(guò) 去 的 時(shí) 間 狀 語(yǔ) 連 用 ?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：have / has + V過(guò) 去 分 詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)把過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果聯(lián)系起來(lái)， 一般過(guò)去時(shí)只限于表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作本身, 與
8、現(xiàn)在 的結(jié)果無(wú)關(guān)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)在意義上 的區(qū)別舉例如下： I have cleaned my room. (My room is clean now.) 我已經(jīng)打掃過(guò)我的房間了。 I cleaned my room last week. (I did it in the past.) 我上周打掃了我的房間。 Father has gone to Amoy. (He went to Amoy and he is not here now.) 爸爸已經(jīng)去廈門(mén)了。 They have bought a dictionary. (They bought a dictionary and th
9、ey have it now.) 他們買(mǎi)了一本字典。 注意: 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(如: yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等)連用，但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(如: already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately等)連用；也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如：today, this morning, this week, this
10、year等)連用。 She has already finished her work. 她已經(jīng)把工作做完了。I havent read the story yet. 我還沒(méi)讀過(guò)這個(gè)故事。Have you met him before? 你從前曾見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎？Lily has always been a good student. Lily一直是個(gè)好學(xué)生。比較：I have seen him this morning .我上午看見(jiàn)他了。(說(shuō)話時(shí)在上午)I saw him this morning.今天上午我遇見(jiàn)了他。(說(shuō)話時(shí)可能是下午或者晚上)It has been cold this winte
11、r. 今天冬天一直很冷。(說(shuō)話時(shí)仍是冬天) NEXT 把下列動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞：read- - clean- -do- - watch- -eat- - wash- -go- - finish- -see- - arrive- -find- - start- -read read cleaneddid cleanedwatchedwatchedate eaten washed washedwent gone finished finishedsaw seen arrived arrivedfound found started starteddoneExercises BACK Exer
12、cises:1.I have already watched the game show.(改為否定句） I _ _ the game show _.2.Sally saw the film last week.(改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)） Sally _ _ the film before.3.Tom has already finished doing his homework.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句） _ Tom _doing his homework_?4.Have they washed the clothes yet?(做肯定回答） _,_ _.5.Has your brother eaten l
13、unch? (做否定回答） _,_ _. havent watched yethas seenHas finished yetYes they haveNo he hasnt Fill in the blanks (用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1._you _(find) your English book yet?2.I_(start) to make the plane an hour ago. But I_ (not finish) it yet.3._ he _(arrive) at the train station yet?4.When _ you _(read) the book?
14、 Two days ago.5.How clean the room! Im sure that someone _(clean) it.6._ you _(see) the film Harry Potter? Not yet. Ill see it this Sunday.7.We _(go) to the zoo last weekend.Have foundstartedhavent finishedHas arriveddid readhas cleanedseenwentHave 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. I have finished my homework. I _ _ my homewo
15、rk. (改為否定句)_ you _ your homework? (改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定回答)Yes，_ _. 答案：1. havent finished Have；finished；I have 2. His dream has come true. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作否定回答)- _ his dream _ true? - No，_ _ . 答案：2. Has；come；it hasnt 單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1. Have you taken out the trash, Belly? _. Ill do it right away. A. Sorry, I have B. No, I
16、didnt C. No, I dont D. Not yet( )2. Have you _ visited Shanghai? No, _. A. ever; not B. never; not C. ever; never D. never; everDC ( )3. Have you washed your clothes _? No, I havent. But I have cleaned the room _. A. ago; already B. yet; yet C. before; yet D. yet; alreadyD (2010 .河北省卷,41. 1) My brot
17、her left school in 2005, and since then he in Beijing. A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has livedD ( )【2013廣西貴港】 Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand? Yes. I _ it twice. Its funny. A. saw B. see C. have seen D. will see C ( )【2013黑龍江牡丹江】 Lunch? No, thanks. I_. A. will eat B. am eating C. have eaten( )【2013 湖北黃岡】 Where is Tom? We cant find him anywhere. Perhaps he _ home. A. has come B. is going C. went D. was goingCA Retell what you did yesterday and what you have done now.
八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit8 語(yǔ)法
