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1、Unit 12 Audiovisual supplement Cultural informationWatch the video and answer the following questions.1. Why did the kids play such tricks on the lady? They dont like the lady. Sometimes children will become brattish if their parents do not teach them about right and wrong.2. If you were the parent
2、of this kind of children, what would you teach your children?Open. Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Audiovisual supplement Cultural informationMrs. Quickly: I remember observing that very characteristic on the sad day we buried Mr. Quickly. Even in my demented grief, I said to my friend L
3、etitia Carter. Remember her? A pinker complexion than my own. She takes too much sun for her age. Anyway, I said, “Kindness seems to be second nature to him. He is a perfect gentleman. Theres something so masculine and yet retiring in his manner.” Oh! Ah! Mr. Brown! A moment, I pray you. Audiovisual
4、 supplement Cultural informationMr. Brown:Mrs. Quickly: Mr. Brown: Mrs. Quickly: I did beg your pardon. I didnt know what came over me.I do. I understand. I never took you for such. But now I see it. Passion is clearly your nature, too. I feel it. Who would have thought we were such kindred spirits?
5、 Passion is my life. In fact, Mr. Brown, what is life without it? Er .A grey wheel of habit, spinning idly on. Mmm! Audiovisual supplement Cultural informationMr. Brown:Mrs. Quickly: Mr. Brown: Mrs. Quickly: Mr. Brown: This is no time for food, Mrs. Quickly! I couldnt possibly swallow it under the c
6、ircumstances. You are tempestuous, Mr. Brown.Tea?Yes, tea. We must blanket the raw impulse with that reliable beverage. Thats a nice bit of porcelain. Is that Spode? I like a bit of Spode. Tasteful. Anyway, so essential for upholding the normal .Dont! You dont want that! Audiovisual supplement Cultu
7、ral informationThe sooner you treat your son as a man, the sooner he will be one. William John Locke1. Quote Audiovisual supplement Cultural information2. Moral Intelligence: Parents Do Make a Difference Young adolescence can be a troubling time. There are scores of disturbing indicators to prove it
8、 including the steady rise of impulsivity, depression, suicide, violence, peer cruelty, and substance abuse. In addition we are seeing a growing rise in disrespect for authority, incivility, vulgarity, cheating and dishonesty. Weve been relentless in our efforts to make a change. But in all our inte
9、rventions the one area often overlooked is the moral intelligence of the young adolescent. Moral intelligence consists of the personal, social, mental, emotional, and moral skills that make up solid character and guide moral behaviours. It is the capacity to understand right from wrong. It means to
10、have strong ethical convictions and to act on them so that one behaves in the right and honourable way. Moral intelligence is what a young adolescent needs most to counter negative pressures and do whats right with or without adult guidance. Cultivating moral intelligence may well be our best hope.
11、The latest research confirms strong moral character can be learned and how teaching it can enhance our studentsAudiovisual supplement Cultural information Audiovisual supplement Cultural informationpro-social behaviours and replace negative ones. However, teachers are not their students most powerfu
12、l moral instructors parents are. Unfortunately, parents often dont use their influence due to misconceptions. Main idea Structural analysis In this piece of argumentative writing, the author first states an obvious fact: the in American society which involves American children has “ .” Then she supp
13、lies readers with substantial statistics and evidence to show is manifested in various ways in schools and society, from the increasing rates to widespread and commonplace . The author describes the frantic the nation has madehow the problem of American children _crisis_shaken, deeply worried, and i
14、n search of answersleft us_homicide and suicid _cheating_ dishonesty_efforts_ Main idea Structural analysisas a reaction to the problem. However, she regrettably concludes that . What is critically needed, in her opinion, is to . Such enhancement depends on our effort to .the crisis remains_enhance
15、childrens moralstrength _help children not only think morally, but also act morally_ Main idea Structural analysis1. Whats the language style of the text? This piece of argumentative writing, short as it is, bears some distinctive features of a research paper, but the absence of academic terminology
16、 makes it more accessible to the general public.2. How does the author present her argument? The author presents her argument clearly and logically with either supportive statistics or quotations of identified sources. Main idea Structural analysisParagraphs Main idea12 It presents the crisis and th
17、e reasons why it needs to be tackled immediately.3. Summarize the main idea of each paragraph. It supplies some official data from the American Academy of Pediatrics and statistical evidence to prove the acuteness of the crisis. Main idea Structural analysisParagraphs Main idea345 It provides many s
18、igns of childrens misconduct which the author calls “equally horrifying” at the end of the preceding paragraph.It tells the reader that the nation is really alarmed.The author points out what is further needed. Main idea Structural analysisParagraphs Main idea6 It projects the prospect of our effort
19、 to tackle the crisis and reiterates the importance of enhancing childrens moral intelligence. Detailed reading Michele BorbaThe Importance of Moral Intelligence in Children There is a clear and pressing crisis in todays society, one that involves our most cherished possession: our children. Everyon
20、e agrees there is a problem: lawmakers, doctors, clergy, businesspeople, educators, parents, and the general public alike have voiced their concerns. And concerned as all should be. Each days news adds a growing litany of shocking tragedies and statistics about American kids, and theyve left us shak
21、en, deeply worried, and in search of answers.1 Detailed reading By far our biggest worry is youth violence, and that alone should warrant a national declaration of emergency. Although the hard data on youth crime and violence show a recent decline, there is little cause for comfort: the American Aca
22、demy of Pediatrics reports that the United States has the highest youth homicide and suicide rates among the twenty-six wealthiest nations in the world. In fact, our kids are ten times more likely to commit murder than comparably aged youths in Canada. Perhaps most disturbing is that our killers are
23、 getting younger and younger. As I write, this week a six-year-old intentionally2 Detailed readingsuffocated her three-year-old brother with the help of her five-year-old friend. Just months earlier, a six-year-old boy settled a schoolyard score by killing his first-grade classmate with a .32 semiau
24、tomatic. Each incident is unthinkable, yet others equally horrifying follow. There are other signs that stir our national conscience as well. Peer cruelty is steadily increasing: an estimated 160,000 children each day miss school for fear of being picked on by their peers, and, considering the acces
25、sibility of weapons, the potential for physical injury is high. Other disturbing indicators include substance3 Detailed readingabuse among younger kids; the growing disrespect for parents, teachers, and other legitimate authority figures; the rise of incivility; the increase of vulgarity; and widesp
26、read cheating and commonplace dishonesty. A recent national survey of 10,000 high school students revealed that nearly half admit they stole something from a store in the previous year; one in four said they would lie to get a job; and seven in ten admitted to cheating in an exam within the previous
27、 twelve months. Heavy alcohol and drug use is increasing among our younger kids; recent studies found 22 percent of fifth graders have been drunk at least once, and the average age at which a child first uses marijuana is twelve. In two decades, the number of diagnoses of hyperactivity and attention
28、 deficits has risen 700 percent. In the last four decades, adolescent suicide in our country has increased 300 percent, and depression has risen 1,000 percent. These statistics are especially frightening when you consider that in one survey, over one-half of American teenagers reported they can get
29、a gun in an hour and one in four high school students say they took a weapon to school at least once in the past year. Our kids are troubled and our crisis continues.Detailed reading These episodes and statistics distress us, of course, and as a nation we are reacting in alarm: school officials have
30、 installed metal detectors and sophisticated cameras to heighten security; moms marched on Washington for stricter gun control; the president of the United States called for emergency summit meetings of congressional leaders; some parents have started charter schools, while others have opted for hom
31、e schoolings; lawmakers passed laws to prosecute juveniles as adults, and the courts sentenced them as such. Weve tried an endless variety of educational strategies as well: teachers have taught self-esteem and conflict resolution skills, and counselors have4Detailed reading Detailed readingaddresse
32、d social skills and anger management. Individual states have implemented retention policies, lowered class sizes, and boosted academic standards. Psychologists have even developed complete new theories: Howard Gardner revolutionized our understanding of childrens cognitive capacities with his view o
33、f multiple intelligences, as Daniel Goleman did in transforming our awareness of emotional intelligence. Detailed reading Despite our frantic efforts, however, the crisis remains, and we know so because our children are still hurting. Thats because we have missed one critical piece: the moral side o
34、f our childrens lives. It is moral strength that kids need most to keep their ethical bearings in this often morally toxic world. Moral issues havent been completely overlooked: the work of Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg has helped us understand the stages of childrens moral reasoning; William Be
35、nnett provided literature anthologies to cultivate kids moral imaginations; William Kilpatricks book, Why Johnny Cant Tell Right from Wrong, 5 Detailed readingoffered ways to engage our youth in moral reflection. But in these troubling times, parents need far more if they are to succeed in helping t
36、heir kids not only think morally but also act morally, and unless children know how to act right, their moral development is defective. After all, weve always known that the true measure of character rests in our actions not in mere thoughts. Detailed reading Enhancing our childrens moral intelligen
37、ce is our best hope for getting our kids on the right course so that they do act as well as think right. Its also our best hope for their developing the traits of solid character. In his book The Moral Intelligence of Children, Robert Coles wrote of the urgent need to address this crucial aptitude i
38、n our children. Developing this miraculous moral capacity in your child is the best way to protect his moral life now and forever.6 Why does the author consider the issue as “a clear and pressing crisis”?Because the problem involves our most cherished possession: our children. And it arouses the con
39、cern of everybody lawmakers, doctors, clergy, businesspeople, educators, parents, and the general public alike.Detailed reading 1. Why does the author say “youth violence alone should warrant a national declaration of emergency”? The author says so because of two startling pieces of evidence: the fi
40、rst is the highest youth homicide and suicide rates among the twenty-six wealthiest nations in the world; the second is that killers are getting younger and younger.Detailed reading 2. What particular cases of killing are mentioned in this paragraph? Two cases of killing are mentioned in the paragra
41、ph: a six-year-old intentionally suffocated her three-year-old brother with the help of her five-year-old friend and a six-year-old boy settled a schoolyard score by killing his first-grade classmate with a 32 semiautomatic.Detailed reading 1. What are the major disturbing signs the author mentions
42、in this paragraph?The major disturbing signs mentioned in this paragraph include increasing peer cruelty, easy accessibility to weapons, the growing disrespect for parents, teachers and other legitimate authority figures, the increase of vulgarity, widespread cheating and dishonesty, and heavy alcoh
43、ol and drug use.Detailed reading 2. What are the disturbing indicators in childrens psychological and emotional dimension?In two decades, the number of diagnoses of hyperactivity and attention deficits has risen 700 percent. In the last four decades, adolescent suicide in our country has increased 3
44、00 percent, and depression has risen 1,000 percent.Detailed reading 1. What education strategies have been tried on the matter, in addition to heightening security?Teachers have taught self-esteem and conflict resolution skills, and counselors have addressed social skills and anger management. Indiv
45、idual states have implemented retention policies, lowered class sizes, and boosted academic standards.Detailed reading 2. How have parents reacted to the continuing crisis?Mothers marched on Washington for stricter gun control; some parents have started charter schools, while others have opted for h
46、ome schoolings.Detailed reading 1. How does the author evaluate the efforts people have made to cope with the crisis?Obviously, the author is not quite satisfied with the result of these “frantic efforts”, because “the crisis remains, and our children are still hurting.” In her view one critical pie
47、ce has been missed the moral side of childrens lives.Detailed reading 2. Why does the author cite a number of peoples works in this paragraph?The author cites these works to prove that the moral side of childrens life has not been completely overlooked. More importantly, the author hopes to emphasiz
48、e that more efforts are needed and the true measure of character rests in our actions not in mere thoughts.Detailed reading What do the expressions “the traits of solid character,” “this crucial aptitude” and “this miraculous moral capacity” refer to?These three expressions all refer to moral intell
49、igence as mentioned at the beginning of this paragraph. The author uses such modifiers as “urgent”, “crucial”, and “miraculous” to underscore the importance of childrens moral intelligence.Detailed reading cherish v. look after sb. or sth. because you love them very muche.g. The old man cherished th
50、e girl as if she were his daughter.He was obsessed with his model airplanes, seeing them as things to be cherished and loved.Derivation:cherishable a.Detailed reading tragedy v. a very sad event that causes people to suffer or diee.g. Hamlet is one of Shakespeares best known tragedies.The measures w
51、ere designed to prevent any similar tragedies.Derivation:tragic a.tragically ad.Antonym:comedyDetailed reading emergency n. unexpected situation involving danger in which immediate action is necessarye.g. You should only use this door in an emergency.The rioting grew worse and the government declare
52、d a state of emergency.Derivation:emergent a.Synonym:exigency 緊急， 迫切需要 e.g. The people had to accept the harsh exigencies of war. 人們要承受戰(zhàn)亂的嚴(yán)酷現(xiàn)實(shí)。 Detailed reading commit oneself on sth. give ones opinion openly so that it is difficult to change it 對(duì)表態(tài)commit sb. for sth. send sb. to a higher court to b
53、e triedcommit v. do sth. illegal or morally wronge.g. The study aims to find out what makes people commit crimes.Its not sure yet whether she died naturally or committed suicide.Derivation:commitment n.Detailed readingCollocation: choke; stiflesuffocate v. die or cause to die from lack of air or ina
54、bility to breathee.g. Passengers suffocated in the burning aircraft.Dont let your child play with plastic bags which could suffocate him.Derivation:suffocating a.suffocation n.Detailed readingSynonym: conscience n. the idea and principles of moral behaviour that the members of a community or group s
55、haree.g. After she had committed the crime, her conscience was troubled.She cheerfully cheats and lies; shes got no conscience at all.Collocation:in all conscience by any reasonable standard憑良心說on ones conscience making one feel one has done wrong, or left sth. Undone問心有愧，心中不安Detailed reading estima
56、te v. form an approximate idea of sth.; calculate roughly the cost, size, value, etc. of sth.e.g. We estimated his income to be about $ 5,000 a year.We have not estimated the proper price for the contract yet.Derivation:estimation n.Detailed readingSynonym:evaluate vulgarity n. vulgar quality or beh
57、avioure.g. He hated that world of money and vulgarity.Derivation:vulgar a.vulgarize v. Detailed readingSynonym:rudeness; misbehavior distress v. make sb. feel upsete.g. We are distressed to find that the children had not returned.I didnt wish to distress you any further but I must ask you a few ques
58、tions about the accident.Synonym:upsetDetailed reading call for say publicly that sth. must happen 要求e.g. The situation calls for prompt action.The international organization has consistently called for the release of political prisoners.Collocation:call sb. / sth. off order to stop attacking, searc
59、hing, etc.; cancel or abandon sth.取消call on / upon sb. formally invite or request sb. to speak, etc.; appeal to or urge sb. to do sth. 號(hào)召，請(qǐng)求call up telephone sb.; bring sth. back to ones mind 給電話，使想起Detailed reading 1. I now the chairman to address the meeting. 2. The match was because of the bad we
60、ather. 3. This sort of work a lot of patience. 4. This song memories of my childhood. Exercise: Choose a phrase in its proper form to fill in each blank in the following sentences.call for call off call up call upon call upon_Detailed reading called off_calls for_calls up_ opt v. make a choice or de
61、cision from a range of possibilitiese.g. Fewer students are opting for science courses nowadays.Most viewers are consistently opting for light-hearted TV instead of serious documentaries.Collocation:opt for to make a choiceopt out to choose not to do something or take part in somethingDetailed readi
62、ng address vt. speak publicly to a group of people e.g. The chairman will now address the meeting.Addressing a crowd of over 3,000 angry union members, Sir Alex said that a pay deal was in sight.Detailed reading Antonym:immoralmoral a. relating to right and wrong and the way people should behavee.g.
63、 You dont know all the circumstances of their divorce, so dont make moral judgments about it.Everything that he writes has a high moral purpose.Derivation:morality n.morally ad.Detailed readingSynonym:virtuous reflection n. careful thought about sth.e.g. On reflection I think it would be better to c
64、ancel the meeting.After a few moments reflection Calvin realized that he was wrong.Derivation:reflect v.reflective a.Detailed readingSynonym:meditationCollocation:on reflection (an idea or statement resulting from) deep and careful thought 經(jīng)過思考 Blank-filling CompetitionThe class is divided into two
65、groups and one representative from each group takes part in the competition. In the left column of the following table, there are some English words and expressions. The students are expected to write the corresponding synonym in the right column. These synonyms should come from paragraphs 1 to 5 of
66、 the text. The students have only 12 seconds. The group which can finish writing the words within the given time wins.Detailed reading Detailed reading chokeevaluaterudenessupsetexigencysad eventlook aftervirtuous meditation suffocateestimatevulgaritydistressemergencytragedycherishmoralreflection crucial a. extremely importante.g. Getting this contract is crucial to the future of our company.The crucial factor in their relationship was their unshakeable faith in each other.Derivation:crucially a
綜合教程 新世紀(jì)高等院校英語專業(yè)本科生系列教材 教師PPTBook 2 Unit12
