上海市浦東新區(qū)2018屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試題.doc

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上海市浦東新區(qū)2018屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試題 第一卷 Ⅰ. Listening prehension（25 分） Section A – Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop. C. In a department store. D. At a track. 2. A. $200. B. $400. C. $250. D. $500. 3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job. C. Learn more. D. Get ready for the next term. 4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework. C. To talk with her roommate. D. To ask about his homework. 5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class. C. He is working hard at physics. D. His physics is very poor in the class. 6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor. C. A news reporter. D. A game designer. 7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive. C. Pleasant. D. Disappointing. 8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures. C. Shapes and areas. D. Volumes and sizes. 9. A. It’s too crowded and he can’t breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station. C. The next stop is their stop. D. A lot of people get off at the next stop. 10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park. C. There is enough parking space. D. He isn’t very good at parking the car. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight. 第 1 頁 / 共 12 頁C. He failed to get to the airport. D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam. 12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm. C. There was something wrong with the engine. D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so. 13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door. C. He had left his luggage in the taxi. D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase. Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers. B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men. C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland. D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries. 15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV. B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV. C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV. D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV. 16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs. B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs. C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men. D. The change in men’s attitudes is not important for women job choices. Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year. 18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage. C. She’s holding hatred against Frank. D. She’s not fortable with children around. 19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and promise. C. Fight harder with Claire. D. Give Claire some time. 20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday. B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby. C. They are planning to get a divorce. D. They are trying to overe career crisis. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary（20 分） Section A Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions. Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur（創(chuàng)業(yè)者）. She won the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, ___21___ recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitement internationally ___22___ their creation. At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype（原型）for a flashlight ___23___（power） 第 2 頁 / 共 12 頁by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was ___24___（offer）a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity. “I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school ___25___ she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?” The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳貼貼片）that produce energy when one side ___26___（heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light for 20 minutes. ___27___（use）only the warmth of the human hand. Her advice to other student innovators?“Start now. There ___28___ be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’ ___29___ may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do ___30___ you want. Just go ahead.” Section B Directions: plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. potentially B. filmed C. dropped D. monly E. treats F. sympathy G. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confident Puppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of Humans Dogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown. It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to municate. But scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the ___31___ is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was found to be the most ___32___ used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites ___33___ and affection in humans. Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be ___34___ that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are not just a result of dogs being excited.” “In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food ___35___ did not have the same effect.” “The findings appear to support evidence dogs are ___36___ to humans’ attention and that expressions are ___37___ active attempts to municate, not simple emotional displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs’ faces were ___38___ throughout a range of exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her body turned away from the dog. 第 3 頁 / 共 12 頁They found that when a human was not watching the animal, they ___39___ facial expressions. Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’ expressions have evolved as they were ___40___. “Domestic dogs have a unique history –they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs’ability to municate with us, ”she said. Ⅲ. Reading prehension（45 分） Section A Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers. I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being ___41___ with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one. I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but ___42___ all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the ___43___ I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation(煩惱). Thinking about the matter gave me more ___44___ than the whistle gave me pleasure. ___45___, this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was ___46___ to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give too much for the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and ___47___ the actions of men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.” If I knew a miser（守財奴）who ___48___ every kind of fortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship, ___49___ gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.” When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but ___50___ devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing ___51___ for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of ___52___ who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his ___53___, and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” ___54___, the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) ___55___ value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.” 41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided 42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing 43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain 44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress 45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed 46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded 47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed 48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on 49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of 50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively 第 4 頁 / 共 12 頁51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain 52. A. appearance B. wealth C. forts D. necessities 53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value 54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short 55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extra Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that es to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee. 74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired. mitted to turning his weird drink into a mercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags. “My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.” “The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee. If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）. 56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word“blunder”in the second paragraph? A. mistake B. show C. mixture D. brand 57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee? A. A woman bearing a baby. B. A student having trouble with sleep. C. A cleaner working on a day shift. D. A young lady sick of garlic. 58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee? 第 5 頁 / 共 12 頁A. It is caffeine-free. B. Garlic powder dissolves in water. C. The burnt garlic creates bitterness. D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish. 59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai? A. venturous and greedy B. innovative and perseverant C. hardworking and cautious D. observant and helpful （B） How an advertisement is put together When you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including: l target audience l brand names l slogans l pictures and colour l special offers/coupons l emotive/persuasive vocabulary Target audience Advertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social class and interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them. Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sports cars? What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year- old working mums? Brand names Brand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and are intended to appeal to the target audience. Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier. Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is also bound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car! Slogans A slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition, puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour. Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. Repetition The totally tropical taste. Alliteration Picture and colour All pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create a view of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour. Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products. Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid. Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ? 第 6 頁 / 共 12 頁What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue? Special offers/coupons Advertisers often appear to offer something for nothing’: if you buy one product you will receive another one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyalty to an existing one. Emotive/persuasive vocabulary In advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal to your emotions. mouthwatering silky free chocolate romantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make 60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid? A. Green. B. Red. C. Orange. D. Yellow. 61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration? A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.（RADAR） B. We do, we said.（HENNESSY） C. M&Ms melt in your mouth（M&Ms） D. Start ahead.（RLJOICE） 62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising panies tend to ________. A. impress them with colorful pictures B. use promotional strategies C. change slogans frequently D. create eye-catching brand names （C） Dental health: Brush with confidence Children should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some People, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some binations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true. The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay. To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins. Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all aged between five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts between teeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teeth scored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well. 第 7 頁 / 共 12 頁Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time. Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavit