2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)題 Unit 5 Canada-“The True North”（含解析）新人教版必修3.doc

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Unit 5 Canada-“The True North” 【閱讀理解插花】 Science textbooks around the world have bee suddenly out of date. Four new chemical elements(元素)have been added to the periodic table. A big decision now lies ahead—elements 113, 115, 117 and 118 need to be given their official names and symbols. New elements can be named after a mythical(神話的) concept, a mineral, a place or country, a property(特性) or a scientist. The names have to be unique and maintain “historical and chemical consistency”. This means a lot of “-iums”. “They’re Latinising the name, ” explains chemist Andrea Sella. “The most recent tradition is to name them after places or people. ” The places chosen tend to be where the element was discovered or first produced. No one has yet named an element after themselves but many elements are named in honour of important scientists. Albert Einstein was given einsteinium. This can also be a way of righting the wrongs of the past. “Lise Meitner was really the chemist who spotted nuclear fission(核裂變)but she was never really recognised for it because she was Jewish and a woman, ” says Sella. “Giving an element a name that reminds us of her is greatly important. ” The naming process isn’t quick. The scientists who discovered them will start things off by suggesting a name. But it will be down to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) to approve it. A special division of the US-based group has to accept the suggestion. Then there is a public review period of five months before the IUPAC gets the final approval. Once it’s ready, the name is announced in the scientific journal Pure and Applied Chemistry. Naming an element is not just about functionality. Names are always important. 【文章大意】本文為一篇科普題材的說(shuō)明文, 文章主要介紹了每當(dāng)一個(gè)新元素被發(fā)現(xiàn)之時(shí)我們?cè)撊绾螌?duì)其進(jìn)行命名, 該用什么對(duì)其進(jìn)行命名。 1. What is the function of Paragraph 1? A. To introduce the topic. B. To present a finding. C. To point out a problem. D. To call for a decision. 【解析】選A。段落大意題。通過(guò)綜合分析該題應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇A項(xiàng)“引出話題”。 2. Why was Lise Meitner mentioned in the naming process in Paragraph 4? A. To praise her. B. To build her reputation. C. To correct the wrongs of the past. D. To end racial discrimination. 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“This can also be a way of righting the wrongs of the past. ”可知“這也可能是一種糾正過(guò)去錯(cuò)誤的方式”, 因而該題選擇C項(xiàng)。 3. Who has the final say in the naming process of an element? A. The scientist who discovered it. B. The special division of US-based group. C. The scientific journal Pure and Applied Chemistry. D. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第五段“But it will be down to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) to approve it. ”可知應(yīng)選D。 4. What is the passage mainly about? A. How elements get their names. B. Why science textbooks are out of date. C. How new elements are discovered. D. How functional naming an element is. 【解析】選A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知文章主要講述了新元素是如何命名的。 教材與語(yǔ)法填空 根據(jù)教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 My cousin and I travelled across Canada 1. train. We saw many beautiful 2. (scene) and wild animals from the train on the way through the Rocky Mountains. The city of Thunder Bay is a port in the centre of Canada. In Toronto, we went up the CN Tower and saw the mist from Niagara Falls.3. we arrived in Montreal，we 4. (see) many signs and ads in French.Then we went to Old Montreal, 5. (sit) in a typical cafe beside the St Lawrence River.Montreal is a city with wonderful restaurants and clubs. We spent the afternoon 6. (do) some shopping in shops and visiting the artists in their workplaces. People there speak English 7. the city has 8. (France) culture and traditions. That night as the train 9. (speed) along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the 10. (distance) east coast, we dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves. 答案：1.by　2.scenery　3.When　4.saw　5.sitting 6．doing　7.but　8.French　9.was speeding 10．distant 教材與話題寫(xiě)作 (Ⅰ)用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)完成下列句子。 1．參觀加拿大是我們最大的夢(mèng)想之一。(Canada) 答案：One of our biggest dreams is to visit Canada. 2．直到去年我們才實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。(not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) 答案：It was not until last year that we managed to make it. 3．我們決定坐飛機(jī)去，不開(kāi)車。(rather than) 答案：We decided to take a plane rather than drive. 4．傍晚，我們登上飛機(jī)。黎明時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)在加拿大的上空。(aboard; dawn) 答案：In the evening we went aboard. At dawn, we were already over Canada. 5．我們看到了遠(yuǎn)處的許多湖泊、山脈。(catch sight of; in the distance) 答案：We caught sight of many lakes and mountains in the distance. 6．美麗的景色給我們留下了深刻的印象。(impress) 答案：We were greatly impressed by the beauty of the scenery. (Ⅱ)將以上句子連成短文，要求銜接連貫、過(guò)渡自然。 【完形填空插花】 閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Though Dad looked tired and weak，his smile was as sure as ever.It was another __1__ of pneumonia(肺炎)．My husband and I stayed with him for the__2__ but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning.Local relatives would see that Dad was home from the hospital，and they would visit him __3__，prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments.But I __4__ to be able to let him know that we __5__ ，too，even when we werent with him. Then I remembered a family __6__ I started when our children were small.When leaving their grandparents home after a visit，each child would __7__ a love note in the house for them to __8__ after we were gone.They hid notes somewhere.For days after our __9__ ，their grandparents would __10__ as they discovered these reminders of our love. So as I __11__ Dads rooms，I began writing notes.Some were __12__.“Dad，I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldnt __13__.”Some expressed my love.“Dad，I hope you sleep well in your new bed.”Most notes were __14__ where he would lived for several weeks until he regained __15__ ，but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow.“Dad，if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.We are so __16__ ！” While others cared for Dads daily __17__ ，we，of course，would stay in touch by phone.But our notes were a __18__ reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period.Just like his medicines improved him physically，these“__19__ vitamins”(維生素)would improve his spiritual health.Several weeks later，Dad phoned and said，“Ill tell you that I just found your __20__ under my upstairs pillow！”I smiled at last. 1．A.experience B．a(chǎn)ttack C．disaster D．pain 2．A.weekday B．night C．weekend D．holiday 3．A.regularly B．rarely C．suddenly D．occasionally 4．A.happened B．dreamed C．a(chǎn)greed D．longed 5．A.feared B．cared C．calmed D．regretted 6．A.hobby B．game C．tradition D．business 7．A.hide B．write C．copy D．leave 8．A.recall B．remember C．enjoy D．find 9．A.exchange B．departure C．a(chǎn)rrival D．escape 10．A.weep B．sigh C．smile D．scream 11．A.tidied B．entered C．designed D．equipped 12．A.brief B．serious C．sincere D．practical 13．A.spill B．spoil C．boil D．freeze 14．A.upstairs B．downstairs C．outside D．indoors 15．A.sense B．wealth C．strength D．consciousness 16．A.glad B．fortunate C．a(chǎn)nxious D．busy 17．A.exercises B．needs C．feelings D．sufferings 18．A.final B．visual C．smooth D．concrete 19．A.emotional B．expensive C．effective D．excellent 20．A.gift B．love C．note D．letter 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。父親得了肺炎后，作者夫妻倆由于工作日要工作，不能照顧父親，心中感到非常難過(guò)。這時(shí)作者想起了家庭的傳統(tǒng)，于是便帶著孩子一起在父親家里藏各種各樣的表達(dá)愛(ài)的紙條，幫助父親一起從疾病中康復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。 1．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指父親第二次肺炎發(fā)作。A項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)作，侵襲”； C項(xiàng)意為“災(zāi)難”；D項(xiàng)意為“疼痛”。故選B項(xiàng)。 2．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning”可知，此處指“我”和丈夫周末陪父親。A項(xiàng)意為“工作日”；B項(xiàng)意為“晚上”；C項(xiàng)意為“周末”；D項(xiàng)意為“假期”。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments”并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，此處指親戚們定期地去家里看望父親，給他準(zhǔn)備吃的，帶他去看醫(yī)生。A項(xiàng)意為“定期地，有規(guī)律地”；B項(xiàng)意為“很少”；C項(xiàng)意為“突然”；D項(xiàng)意為“偶爾”。故選A項(xiàng)。 4．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“我”渴望讓父親知道“我們”也關(guān)心他，甚至在“我們”不在他身邊的時(shí)候。A項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)生”；B項(xiàng)意為“夢(mèng)想”；C項(xiàng)意為“同意”；D項(xiàng)意為“渴望”。故選D項(xiàng)。 5．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。上文提到親戚們會(huì)定期去家里看望父親，照顧他，此處承接上文，指“我”渴望讓父親知道“我們”也關(guān)心他。A項(xiàng)意為“害怕”；B項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)心，關(guān)懷”；C項(xiàng)意為“使鎮(zhèn)靜”；D項(xiàng)意為“后悔，遺憾”。故選B項(xiàng)。 6．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指一個(gè)家庭的傳統(tǒng)。A項(xiàng)意為“愛(ài)好”；B項(xiàng)意為“游戲”；C項(xiàng)意為“傳統(tǒng)”；D項(xiàng)意為“生意”。故選C項(xiàng)。 7．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“They hid notes somewhere.”可知，此處指每個(gè)孩子在屋子都會(huì)藏一張愛(ài)的紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“藏，隱蔽”； B項(xiàng)意為“寫(xiě)”；C項(xiàng)意為“復(fù)制，抄寫(xiě)”；D項(xiàng)意為“離開(kāi)”。故選A項(xiàng)。 8．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“their grandparents would ________ as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此處指當(dāng)“我們”離開(kāi)后，“我”的父母會(huì)找到這些愛(ài)的紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“回憶”；B項(xiàng)意為“記得”；C項(xiàng)意為“喜歡，享受”；D項(xiàng)意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選D項(xiàng)。 9．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“after we were gone”可知，此處指當(dāng)我們離開(kāi)后的幾天里。A項(xiàng)意為“交換”；B項(xiàng)意為“離開(kāi)”；C項(xiàng)意為“到達(dá)”；D項(xiàng)意為“逃跑”。故選B項(xiàng)。 10．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此處指當(dāng)他們找到這些愛(ài)的紙條后，會(huì)露出笑容。A項(xiàng)意為“哭泣”；B項(xiàng)意為“嘆氣”；C項(xiàng)意為“微笑”；D項(xiàng)意為“尖叫”。故選C項(xiàng)。 11．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，“我”整理父親的房間時(shí)，開(kāi)始寫(xiě)紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“整理，使整潔”；B項(xiàng)意為“進(jìn)入”；C項(xiàng)意為“設(shè)計(jì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“裝備”。故選A項(xiàng)。 12．D　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Dad, I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldnt ________.”可知，一些紙條的內(nèi)容是實(shí)用的。A項(xiàng)意為“簡(jiǎn)潔的”； B項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)重的”；C項(xiàng)意為“真誠(chéng)的”；D項(xiàng)意為“實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的”。故選D項(xiàng)。 13．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)和語(yǔ)境可知，此處指把牛奶放在冰箱里，這樣它就不會(huì)變質(zhì)了。A項(xiàng)意為“溢出，潑出”；B項(xiàng)意為“變質(zhì)，變壞，腐敗”；C項(xiàng)意為“燒開(kāi)，煮沸”；D項(xiàng)意為“冷藏”。故選B項(xiàng)。 14．B　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此處指“我”把大多數(shù)紙條放在了樓下。A項(xiàng)意為“樓上”；B項(xiàng)意為“在樓下”；C項(xiàng)意為“在外面”；D項(xiàng)意為“在室內(nèi)”。故選B項(xiàng)。 15．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Dad, if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.”可知，父親會(huì)在樓下待幾周直到他體力恢復(fù)。A項(xiàng)意為“感覺(jué)”；B項(xiàng)意為“財(cái)富”；C項(xiàng)意為“體力，力氣”；D項(xiàng)意為“知覺(jué)”。故選C項(xiàng)。 16．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文和常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)?shù)弥赣H身體恢復(fù)健康后，“我們”都非常高興。A項(xiàng)意為“高興的”；B項(xiàng)意為“幸運(yùn)的”；C項(xiàng)意為“焦急的”；D項(xiàng)意為“忙碌的”。故選A項(xiàng)。 17．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“we, of course, would stay in touch by phone”可知，其他人來(lái)照顧父親的日常需要。A項(xiàng)意為“練習(xí)”；B項(xiàng)意為“需要”；C項(xiàng)意為“感覺(jué)”；D項(xiàng)意為“痛苦，苦難”。故選B項(xiàng)。 18．D　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period”可知，這些紙條是我們對(duì)父親的愛(ài)的具體表達(dá)。A項(xiàng)意為“最終的”；B項(xiàng)意為“視覺(jué)的”；C項(xiàng)意為“光滑的”； D項(xiàng)意為“具體的，確實(shí)的”。故選D項(xiàng)。 19．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“would improve his spiritual health”可知，這些情感的維生素改善了父親的精神狀態(tài)。A項(xiàng)意為“情感的，情緒的”；B項(xiàng)意為“昂貴的”；C項(xiàng)意為“有效的”；D項(xiàng)意為“卓越的”。故選A項(xiàng)。 20．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此處指父親告訴“我”，他找到了“我”藏在樓上的紙條。A項(xiàng)意為“禮物”；B項(xiàng)意為“愛(ài)”；C項(xiàng)意為“便條，短箋”；D項(xiàng)意為“信”。故選C項(xiàng)。 長(zhǎng)難句分析：When leaving their grandparents home after a visit，each child would hide a love note in the house for them to find after we were gone.(第二段第二句) 分析：When引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，此處省略主語(yǔ)each child和be動(dòng)詞；after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 譯文：當(dāng)每一個(gè)孩子拜訪他們的祖父母之后要離開(kāi)的時(shí)候，他們都會(huì)在房子里藏一張充滿愛(ài)的紙條讓祖父母在他們走后尋找。 下面是李華的一篇作文，文中有五處錯(cuò)誤，改正錯(cuò)誤并背誦該文。 One of our biggest dream is to visit Canada. However, it was not until last year when we managed to make it. We decided to take a plane rather than driving, and in the evening we went aboard. At the dawn, we were already over Canada, where we caught sight of many lakes and mountains in the distance. We were great impressed by the beauty of the scenery. 答案： One of our biggest is to visit Canada. However, it was not until last year we managed to make it. We decided to take a plane rather than ， and in the evening we went aboard. At dawn, we were already over Canada, where we caught sight of many lakes and mountains in the distance. We were impressed by the beauty of the scenery.