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南通職業(yè)大學(xué) 16 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)書(shū)
編號(hào)：01
學(xué)生姓名
應(yīng)存超
所學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)
數(shù)控技術(shù)
班 級(jí)
數(shù)控
課題名稱(chēng)
行星齒輪減速器的設(shè)計(jì)與仿真
工作內(nèi)容
（應(yīng)完成的設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容、論文內(nèi)容）
1、 零件三維造型設(shè)計(jì)；
2、 3D打印出所設(shè)計(jì)的零件；
3、 設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)；
4、 外文資料翻譯；
5、 崗位實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告。
6、 行星齒輪減速器的仿真光盤(pán)
工作要求
（設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)達(dá)到的性能、指標(biāo)，論文質(zhì)量要求）
1、 熟練使用CREO3.0軟件進(jìn)行零件的三維實(shí)體造型設(shè)計(jì)；
2、 將設(shè)計(jì)出的零件通過(guò)增材制造的方法：3D打印出來(lái)；
3、 實(shí)體零件的設(shè)計(jì)制造方法及說(shuō)明；對(duì)3D打印的過(guò)去、現(xiàn)狀及未來(lái)進(jìn)行分析、研究；
4、 編制設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)。
主要參考
資料
1、 《完全精通Pro/ENGINEER野火4.0綜合教程》 林清玄主編
2、 《Creo3.0從入門(mén)到精通》 鐘日銘主編
3、 《3D打印技術(shù)概論》 史玉升主編
4、 《3D打?。簭南胂蟮浆F(xiàn)實(shí)》 （美） 胡迪·利普森 梅爾芭·庫(kù)曼
5、 《3D打印：打印未來(lái)》 中國(guó)機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì)主編
工作進(jìn)度
要求
1、 熟悉零件、借閱資料（一周）
2、 零件設(shè)計(jì)（一周）
3、 零件打印制造設(shè)計(jì)（二周）
4、 編制說(shuō)明書(shū)、外文資料翻譯（一周）
5、 本學(xué)期末完成
課題組
其他成員
指導(dǎo)教師
（簽名）
彭淑華
教研室主任
（簽名）
部門(mén)批準(zhǔn)
（蓋章）
簽發(fā)日期
2016.11
注：本任務(wù)書(shū)一式三份，由指導(dǎo)教師填寫(xiě)，教研室主任審核，系部批準(zhǔn)后下發(fā)；學(xué)生、指導(dǎo)教師、系部各一份。
Mineral product monorail reduction gear synopsis
First:what is reducer
Reducer is a dynamic communication agencies, the use of gear speed converters, motor rotational speed reducer to the Rotary to be few, and have greater torque institutions.
The reducer role
1) velocity at the same time increase the output torque, torque output ratio by motor output by slowdown, but the attention should be paid to exceed the rated torque reducer.
2) the speed at the same time reduce the inertia load, the inertia of deceleration than reduced to the square. We can look at the General Motors has a value of inertia.
?????????? The type of reducer
General helical gear reducer has reducer (including parallel shaft helical gear reducer, a worm reducer, bevel gear reducer, etc.), planetary gear reducer, Cycloid reducer, a worm reducer, a planetary friction CVT mechanical machines.
???????? Common reducer
1) worm reducer is the main characteristics of a reverse self-locking function, can be larger than a slowdown, input shaft and output shaft axis is not the same, nor in the same plane. But generally larger, transmission efficiency is not high, the accuracy is not high.
2) Harmonic Harmonic Drive reducer is controllable using flexible components to transfer elastic deformation and dynamic movement, not volume, high precision, but the disadvantage is that flexible wheel limited life, impatient shocks, rigidity and pieces of metal relatively poor. Not too high speed input.
3) planetary reducer its comparative advantage is compact structure, the return gap small, high precision, and have a long life span rated output torque can be done great. However, a price slightly expensive, the requirements of parts before assembly
1. Rolling cleaning with gasoline, kerosene other parts cleaning. All parts and Xiangbenna not allowed to have any impurities exist. Gear box and the inner wall (Worm), unprocessed surface has not been coated twice erosion-resistant oil paint, box has the outer surface coated primer and paint color (color requested by host).
2. Parts coated with a face wash after lubricants
Second, the requirements of installation and adjustment
1. Rolling installation Rolling bearing inner ring should be installed at the shaft shoulder close to gap must not pass 0.05 mm thick Cypriot feet. 2. Bearing axial clearance of the clearance can not be adjusted bearings (such as deep groove ball bearings), axial clearance of 0.25 to 0.4 mm; the clearance adjustable bearing axial clearance numerical table. Click Tapered Roller Bearings axial clearance; angular contact ball bearing axial clearance
3. Gear (Worm) meshing tooth space available Cypriot side foot of lead or pressure. Will be lead wire on the alveolar, and then turning gear and squash lead wire, measuring two teeth side was crushed lead wire thickness and the size of which is adjacent teeth.
4. Tooth contact dot cylinder gear tooth contact Dot 2-10-4; bevel gear tooth contact Dot 2-11-4; Gearing contact Dot 2-12-4
Third, seal requirements
1. Box partition between the surface does not allow any pads filled, but can be coated or water glass sealant to ensure that the seal;
2. Assembly, the bolt tightening box, before using 0.05 mm Cypriot-foot inspection Covers Block with me and between the sealing surface;
3. Shaft seal should stretch to smear grease. The seal should be installed in strict accordance with the requirements
Forth, lubrication requirements
1. Rationally determine the types of lubricants and greases and grades
2. Bearing lubrication fat, grease filled in the general Fatliquor space can be 1 / 2 to 2 / 3.
3. Lubricants should be regularly replaced, the new reducer used for the first time, the operation of oil-7 ~ 14 days, according to the situation can be after every 3 to 6 months for first oil.
Fifth, the test requirements
1. Empty operation: at rated speed is, anti-running 1 to 2 hours;
2. Load test: at rated speed, rated load operation, the oil temperature balance to date. On the gear reducer, requested the pool temperature is not more than 35 oC, bearing temperature rise no more than 40 oC; the worm reducer, requested the pool temperature not more than 60 oC, bearing temperature of not more than 50 oC;
3. Entire testing process for the smooth operation, noise, not loosening the fixed link, sealed, not with the
Sixth, packaging and transportation requirements
1. Protruding shaft and its annex should Oiler packaging;
2. Handling, lifting may not use screw rings and lug all of the above technical requirements are not necessarily listed, and sometimes also by other projects, mainly by the specific design requirements.
Seventh. Technical requirements
1. Assembly, all parts cleaning with kerosene, gasoline Rolling cleansing, while the existence of any debris. Oil is not painted wall corrosion coatings twice;
2. Backlash with lead wire mesh test of not less than 0.16 mm, lead wire Backlash may not exceed the smallest of the four times;
3. Used Tu-color dot test. Tooth high point of contact by not less than 40% of contact spots on teeth not less than 50 per cent. Can be used when necessary, grinding or scraping after grinding to improve contacts;
4. Bearing axial clearance should be adjusted: φ40 0.05 - 0.1 mm, φ55 0.08 - 0.15 mm;
5. Test reducer subdivision surface, the contact surface and seal, oil spills are not allowed. Split-Tu allowed to paint or water glass seal and allow the use of any filler;
6. Engine lubricants to the contents N100 provisions height;
一、 什么是減速器
減速器是一種動(dòng)力傳達(dá)機(jī)構(gòu)，利用齒輪的速度轉(zhuǎn)換器，將馬達(dá)的回轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)減速到所要的回轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)，并得到較大轉(zhuǎn)矩的機(jī)構(gòu)。
1、減速器的作用
1）降速同時(shí)提高輸出扭矩，扭矩輸出比例按電機(jī)輸出乘減速比，但要注意不能超出減速器額定扭矩。
2） 減速同時(shí)降低了負(fù)載的慣量，慣量的減少為減速比的平方。大家可以看一下一般電機(jī)都有一個(gè)慣量數(shù)值。
2、減速器的種類(lèi)
一般的減速器有斜齒輪減速器(包括平行軸斜齒輪減速器、蝸輪減速器、錐齒輪減速器等等)、行星齒輪減速器、擺線針輪減速器、蝸輪蝸桿減速器、行星摩擦式機(jī)械無(wú)級(jí)變速機(jī)等等。
3、常見(jiàn)減速器
1） 蝸輪蝸桿減速器的主要特點(diǎn)是具有反向自鎖功能，可以有較大的減速比，輸入軸和輸出軸不在同一軸線上，也不在同一平面上。但是一般體積較大，傳動(dòng)效率不高，精度不高。
2） 諧波減速器的諧波傳動(dòng)是利用柔性元件可控的彈性變形來(lái)傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力的，體積不大、精度很高，但缺點(diǎn)是柔輪壽命有限、不耐沖擊，剛性與金屬件相比較差。輸入轉(zhuǎn)速不能太高。
3） 行星減速器其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是結(jié)構(gòu)比較緊湊，回程間隙小、精度較高，使用壽命很長(zhǎng)，額定輸出扭矩可以做的很大。但價(jià)格略貴一、對(duì)裝配前零件的要求 ：
1.滾動(dòng)軸承用汽油清洗，其他零件用煤油清洗。所有零件和箱體內(nèi)不許有任何雜質(zhì)存在 。箱體內(nèi)壁和齒輪（蝸輪）等未加工表面先后涂?jī)纱尾槐粰C(jī)油侵蝕的耐油漆，箱體外表 面先后涂底漆和顏色油漆（按主機(jī)要求配色）。
2.零件配合面洗凈后涂以潤(rùn)滑油
二、安裝和調(diào)整的要求
1.滾動(dòng)軸承的安裝 滾動(dòng)軸承安裝時(shí)軸承內(nèi)圈應(yīng)緊貼軸肩，要求縫隙不得通過(guò)0.05mm 厚的塞尺。
2.軸承軸向游隙 對(duì)游隙不可調(diào)整的軸承（如深溝球軸承），其軸向游隙為0.25~0.4mm；對(duì)游隙可調(diào)整 的軸承軸向游隙數(shù)值見(jiàn)表。點(diǎn)擊查看圓錐滾子軸承軸向游隙；角接觸球軸承軸向游隙
3.齒輪（蝸輪）嚙合的齒側(cè)間隙 可用塞尺或壓鉛法。即將鉛絲放在齒槽上，然后轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)齒輪而壓扁鉛絲，測(cè)量?jī)升X側(cè)被 壓扁鉛絲厚度之和即為齒側(cè)的大小?！?
4.齒面接觸斑點(diǎn)圓柱齒輪齒面接觸斑點(diǎn)2-10-4；圓錐齒輪齒面接觸斑點(diǎn)2-11-4；蝸桿傳動(dòng)接觸斑點(diǎn)2-12-4
三、密封要求
1.箱體剖分面之間不允許填任何墊片，但可以涂密封膠或水玻璃以保證密封；
2.裝配時(shí)，在擰緊箱體螺栓前，應(yīng)使用0.05mm的塞尺檢查箱蓋和箱座結(jié)合面之間的密封性；
3.軸伸密封處應(yīng)涂以潤(rùn)滑脂。各密封裝置應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按要求安裝
四、潤(rùn)滑要求
1.合理確定潤(rùn)滑油和潤(rùn)滑脂類(lèi)型和牌號(hào)
2.軸承脂潤(rùn)滑時(shí)，潤(rùn)滑脂的填充量一般為可加脂空間的1/2~2/3?！?
3.潤(rùn)滑油應(yīng)定期更換，新減速器第一次使用時(shí)，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)7~14天后換油，以后可以根據(jù)情況每隔3~6個(gè)月?lián)Q一次油。
五、試驗(yàn)要求
1.空載運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)：在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下正、反運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)1~2小時(shí)；
2.負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)：在額定轉(zhuǎn)速、額定負(fù)荷下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，至油溫平衡為止?！ ?duì)齒輪減速器，要求油池溫升不超過(guò)35oC,軸承溫升不超過(guò)40oC； 對(duì)蝸桿減速器，要求油池溫升不超過(guò)60oC,軸承溫升不超過(guò)50oC；
3.全部試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中，要求運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，噪聲小，聯(lián)接固定處不松動(dòng)，各密封、結(jié)合處不
六、包裝和運(yùn)輸要求
1.外伸軸及其附件應(yīng)涂油包裝；
2.搬運(yùn)、起吊時(shí)不得使用吊環(huán)螺釘及吊耳以上技術(shù)要求不一定全部列出，有時(shí)還需另增項(xiàng)目，主要由設(shè)計(jì)的具體要求而定。
七、技術(shù)要求
1.裝配前，所有零件用煤油清洗，滾動(dòng)軸承用汽油清洗，不許有任何 雜物存在。內(nèi)壁涂上不被機(jī)油腐蝕的涂料兩次；
2.嚙合側(cè)隙用鉛絲檢驗(yàn)不小于0.16mm，鉛絲不得大于最小側(cè)隙的4倍；
3.用涂色法檢驗(yàn)斑點(diǎn)。按齒高接觸點(diǎn)不小于40%；按齒長(zhǎng)接觸斑點(diǎn)不 小于50%。必要時(shí)可用研磨或刮后研磨以便改善接觸情況；
4.應(yīng)調(diào)整軸承軸向間隙：φ40為0.05--0.1mm,φ55為0.08--0.15mm;
5.檢驗(yàn)減速器剖分面、各接觸面及密封處，均不許漏油。剖分面允許 涂以密封油漆或水玻璃，不允許使用任何填料；
6.機(jī)座內(nèi)裝N100潤(rùn)滑油至規(guī)定高度。