高中英語第1輪總復習 part2 第14講 跨越“單項填空”的命題陷阱 新人教版

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1、 單項填空是高考英語試卷的第一道題，如果能輕松拿下，就能帶著一份明快的心情向后面的試題進發(fā)；如果在此卡殼了，將直接影響后面的發(fā)揮。所以，精心備考單項填空十分重要。 但近年來，高考英語對學生的語言理解及運用能力要求日益提高，單項填空中，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些綜合性較強的陷阱題。如何跳出這些陷阱題呢？首先我們要弄清命題者是如何設(shè)計陷阱的，然后才能有力地“還擊”?！鞠葳逡幌葳逡弧坷枚▌菟季S，設(shè)置“陷阱”?！緫?yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】夯實基礎(chǔ)，記住要點，結(jié)合語境，識破“陷阱”，理清題意。例1. I couldnt help _ that day for I was too busy. A. sweeping the

2、floor B. to sweep the floor C. swept the floor D. to sweeping the floor【解析解析】此題并不是couldnt help doing(情不自禁)的運用，而是對help (to) do的考查，故選B。【陷阱二陷阱二】拆散短語，模糊視線?！緫?yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】分解成相應(yīng)的簡單句。 例2. What great difficulty we had _ her! A. persuade B. to persuade C. persuading D. persuaded【解析解析】本題可理解為We had great difficulty

3、 _ her. 考查“have difficulty in doing”，所以選C?！鞠葳迦葳迦壳稍O(shè)標點符號，設(shè)置“陷阱”。【應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】識破玄機，看清句逗。 例3. _ is reported in the newspaper, the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole of Europe. AIt BAs CWhat DThat例4. _， we had to go home on foot. A. There were no buses B. There to be no buses C. There be

4、ing no buses DThere been no buses 【解析解析】例3中有逗號，所以此句逗號前應(yīng)為狀語，故選B，若此句中逗號換為that，答案則為It。 例4中有逗號相隔，獨立結(jié)構(gòu)表原因，選C，若逗號換為句號，答案則是A?！鞠葳逅南葳逅摹烤涫交煜?，設(shè)置干擾選項。【應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】明辨是非，記清句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。 例5. Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here. A. came B. could come C. have come D. might come例6. There seems to _

5、 a person in the distance. A. have B. being C. be D. was【解析解析】例5中，考查Its the first time that現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，選C。但在選項中設(shè)置了干擾項A，容易喚起考生對“Its time that過去式”的記憶，增加了解題的難度。例6意為“遠方似乎有一個人?！薄坝校篽ave, there be”， 易出錯。此題實際上在考查 “there be”的句型， 答案為C?！鞠葳逦逑葳逦濉勘容^級的形式卻非比較級的意思。【應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】抓住語境，弄清題目中的隱含意義。 例7. He had never spent a _ day

6、. Amore worry Bmost worrying Cmore worrying Dmost worried 【解析解析】這類題目中通常會出現(xiàn) never, not 或doubt ，其后跟“a 比較級”，用比較級形式表最高級意思。因此，答案選C。 【陷阱六陷阱六】考查時態(tài)卻沒有時間狀語。【應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】把握隱含的時態(tài)，根據(jù)語境推出實際的時態(tài)。 例8. I can see you were in a hurry. You _ your sweater inside out. A. are wearing B. were wearing C. had worn D. wore【陷阱六陷阱

7、六】考查時態(tài)卻沒有時間狀語。【應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】把握隱含的時態(tài)，根據(jù)語境推出實際的時態(tài)。 例9. Lets see if the football game has started yet. Started? It must be clear which team _ by now. A. is winning B. wins C. had won D. would win【解析解析】例8中，可進行這樣的推理：穿衣時很匆忙，所以現(xiàn)在衣服穿反了。因而時態(tài)應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在進行時，選A。例9中，根據(jù)答語可知，比賽已經(jīng)進行到能預(yù)料勝負的時刻了，所以選A，“be -ing”表示即將發(fā)生?！鞠葳迤呦葳迤摺繌娬{(diào)句

8、型考法不斷創(chuàng)新，增加難度?！緫?yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】理解并記住強調(diào)句型的多種形式，看準其基本標志。例10. _ is it _ has made Peter _ he is today? A. What; that; that B. That; that; what C. What; what; that D. What; that; what例11. Ive already forgotten _ you put the dictionary. A. that it was there B. where was it C. that where it was D. where it was tha

9、t【陷阱七陷阱七】強調(diào)句型考法不斷創(chuàng)新，增加難度。【應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略】理解并記住強調(diào)句型的多種形式，看準其基本標志。例12. It was in the small house _ was built with stones by his father _ he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which【解析解析】 (1)強調(diào)句型可能會在一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和含名詞性從句或定語從句的句子中考查，因此有必要記住相應(yīng)的形式。如一般疑問句形式 “Is/Was it 被強調(diào)部分t

10、hat/who”， 特殊疑問句形式“特殊疑問詞is/wasthat/who？” 例10對照相應(yīng)的句式很容易選出答案D?！窘馕鼋馕觥?(2)例11把強調(diào)句型和名詞性從句相結(jié)合，把強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式作forgotten的賓語從句，因而選陳述語序D。例12中，強調(diào)句型和定語從句相結(jié)合，強調(diào)部分含一個定語從句，這樣就使整個句子變得很復雜。此時，應(yīng)特別注意搞清強調(diào)句型的標志 “It is/was that/who”， 不要混淆定語從句中的關(guān)系詞that/who和強調(diào)句型中的that/who，本題答案選A?！窘馕鼋馕觥?總之，高考單項填空題有20個小題，考查內(nèi)容涉及面廣，并突出了綜合性和語境化的特點。解題時，應(yīng)結(jié)合語境，靈活使用語法、詞匯知識，透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，排除干擾項，這樣才能從容不迫，笑傲考場。