英語(yǔ)高考真題 全國(guó)卷 試題答案

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1、2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試 英 語(yǔ) 注意事項(xiàng)： 1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。 2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。 3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。 第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分） 做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。 第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分） 聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)

2、話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。 例：How?much?is?the?shirt? A. ￡19.15 . B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.?Where?does?this?conversation?take?place? A.?In?a?classroom. B.?In?a?hospital. C.?In?a?museum. 2.?What?does?Jack?want?to?do? A.?Take?fitn

3、ess?classes. B.?Buy?a?pair?of?gym?shoes. C.?Change?his?work?schedule. 3.?What?are?the?speakers?talking?about? A.?What?to?drink. B.?Where?to?meet. C.?When?to?leave. 4.?What?is?the?relationship?between?the?speakers? A.?Colleagues. B.?Classmates. C. Strangers. 5.?Why?is?E

4、mily?mentioned?in?the?conversation? A.?She?might?want?a?ticket. B.?She?is?looking?for?the?man. C.?She?has?an?extra?ticket. 第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分） 聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。 聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。 6.?How

5、?long?did?James?run?his?business? A.?10?years. B.?13?years. C.?15?years. 7.?How?does?the?woman?feel?about?James’ situation? A.?Embarrassed. B.?Concerned. C.?Disappointed. 聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。 8.?What?has?Kate’s?mother?decided?to?do? A.?Return?to?school. B.?Change?her?job

6、. C.?Retire?from?work. 9.?What?did?Kate’s?mother?study?at?college? A.?Oil?painting. B.?Art?history. C.?Business?administration. 10.?What?is?Kate’s?attitude?toward?her?mother’s?decision? A.?Disapproving. B.?Ambiguous. C.?Understanding. 聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。 11.?What?is?the?man?

7、doing？ A. Chairing?a?meeting. B.?Hosting?a radio program. C.?Conducting?a job?interview. 12.?What?benefits?Mary?most?in?her?job? A.?Her?wide?reading. B.?Her?leaders’?guidance. C.?Her?friends’?help. 13.?Who?will?Mary?talk?about?next? A.?Her?teacher. B.?Her father. C.

8、?Her mother. 聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。 14.?Why?does?the?man?seldom?do?exercise? A.?He?lacks?motivation. B.?He?has?a?heart?problem.? C.?He?works?all?the?time. 15.?What?does?Jacob?Sattelmair?probably?do? A.?He’s?an?athlete. B.?He’s?a?researcher. C.?He’s?a?journalist. 16.?W

9、hy?does?the?woman?speak?of?a?study? A.?To?encourage the?man. B.?To?recommend?an?exercise. C.?To?support?her?findings. 17.?How?much?time?will?the?man?probably?spend?exercising?weekly? A.?300?minutes. B.?150?minutes. C.?75?minutes. 聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。 18.?Wh

10、at?did?the?scientists?do?to?the?road? A.?They?repaired?it. B.?They?painted?it. C.?They?blocked?it. 19.?Why?are?young?birds?drawn?to?the?road?surface? A.?It’s?warm. B.?It’s?brown. C.?It’s?smooth. 20.?What?is?the?purpose?of?the?scientists’ experime

11、nt? A.?To?keep?the?birds?there?for?a?whole?year. B.?To?help?students study the?birds?well. C.?To?prevent?the?birds?from?being?killed. 第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分） 第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its part

12、ners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year ro

13、und. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合條件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社區(qū)). Summer Company Summer Company

14、provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local na

15、tural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities (機(jī)會(huì)) Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a var

16、iety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups. Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 21. What is special about Summer Company? A. It req

17、uires no training before employment. B. It provides awards for running new businesses. C. It allows one to work in the natural environment. D. It offers more summer job opportunities. 22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program? A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15

18、-29. D. 16-17. 23. Which program favors the disabled? A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company. C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities. B For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it’s Chri

19、s Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind ofkid who would enjoy public speaking. But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English s

20、peakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “… Vote for … me …” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning Englis

21、h a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom. Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It tak

22、es a lot for any student,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’” Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to rai

23、se their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves. “Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley s

24、ays, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.” 24. What made Chris nervous? A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech. C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question. 25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Improper pa

25、uses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes. 26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________. A. help students see their own strengths B. assess students’ public speaking skills C. prepare students for their future jobs D. inspire students’ love for pol

26、itics 27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding. C As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物測(cè)量) technologies — like fingerprint scans — to keep others out of

27、 private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device (裝置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (節(jié)奏) with which one types and the

28、pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s?typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether th

29、ey should be given?access to the computer it’s connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password?right. It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the tec

30、hnology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The?researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightf

31、orward to commercialize and is?mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the?near future. ? 28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? ?????A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing. ?????C. To replace the password

32、 system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection. 29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? ?????A. Computers are much easier to operate. ?????B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. ?????C. Typing patterns vary from person to person. ?????D. Data security measur

33、es are guaranteed. 30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？ A. It’ll be environment-friendly. B. It’ll reach consumers soon. C. It’ll be made of plastics. D. It’ll help speed up typing. 31. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C.

34、 A novel. D. A magazine. D During the rosy years of elementary school (小學(xué)), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being

35、friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers.

36、The likables’plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. En

37、viable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage (從事) in dangerous and risky behavior.” In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined t

38、he two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (調(diào)查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clear

39、ly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.” Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date — sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to rela

40、te and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experien

41、ces that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said. 32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool. 33. What is the second paragraph mainly about？ A. The classification of the popular.B. The characteristics of adole

42、scents. C. The importance of interpersonal skills.D. The causes of dishonorable behavior. 34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids? A. They appeared to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable. C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academical

43、ly. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Be Nice — You Won’t Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the Better C. Be the Best — You Can Make It D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness 第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?

44、 We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good. 37 If the air you’re breathing is clean — which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities — th

45、en the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain. Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈).

46、 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情緒). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their wind

47、ow are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace. 40 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D — but still protect y

48、our skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D. A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B. So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature refreshes us. D. Ano

49、ther side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care. G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. 第三部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，

50、滿分45分） 第一節(jié) （共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing,

51、changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a 47 mount

52、ain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 . The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cu

53、ltures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the m

54、ountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel (礫石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjar

55、o 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true. 41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring 42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters 43. A. position B. age C. face D. name

56、44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy 45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate 46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones 47. A. remote B. quiet C. tall D. clean 48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary 49. A. paying off

57、 B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away 50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight 51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded 52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose 53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials 54. A. h

58、olding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to 55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits 56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add 57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake 58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally 59. A.

59、 permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial 60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire 第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分） 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of

60、 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000

61、 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human s

62、ettlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (錯(cuò)覺) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 ninetee

63、n recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分） 第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把

64、多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。 I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but a

65、lmost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone’s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after

66、 school. I am a good player now. 第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分） 假定你是李華，暑假在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)孛佬g(shù)館要舉辦中國(guó)畫展覽。請(qǐng)寫一封信申請(qǐng)做志愿者，內(nèi)容包括： 1．寫信目的； 2．個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)； 3．能做的事情。 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．結(jié)束語(yǔ)已為你寫好。 2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試 英語(yǔ)試題參考答案 第一部分聽力 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C 第二部分閱讀理解 21. B 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34