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1、PASSIVE VOICE被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)LEAD INRockets _ (use) to send up satellitesare used火箭發(fā)射圖The rocket _ (send up) into spaceis being sent up污染圖The air and the water _(pollute)are beingpolluted砍伐圖Trees _(cut) downSoil _ (wash) awayare being cut will be washed 拳擊圖A boxer _(beat) downhas been beaten雙子樓圖The twin tow
2、ers _ (attack) in 2001were attacked生病圖The boy may _ (infect) with AIDShave been infected表格：被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will be donewould be donehave/has
3、been donehad been doneORAL PRACTICE-主動(dòng)句改被動(dòng)句 Oral practice-1. Change each sentence into passive voice:1)A car knocked him down yesterday.2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team3)When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen treeHe was knocked down by a carThe medical team is made up o
4、fA fallen tree was being cut up4)Well put on the play next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year The play will be put on next SundayA new teaching building is being builtThe railway had been completed by the end of
5、last year 7)We should protect the earth8)You need to paint the wall9) My uncle gave me a gift on my birthdayI A giftThe earth should be protectedThe wall needs to be paintedI was given a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to me on my birthday.10)We always keep the room clean11)We often hear him pla
6、y guitar12)They saw a boy flying a kiteThe room is always kept cleanHe is often heard to play guitarA boy was seen flying a kiteCORRECTING MISTAKE2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to university3)How
7、long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospitalhad been damagedis now being builtbroke out7)Class is beg
8、un at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washedbeginssoundsto be washed / washing 主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedBC主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義表示主語的屬性特征表示主語
9、的屬性特征well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。義。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English hard _(learn)The article is difficult _ (understand).to eatto learnto understand,且和句子且和句子的主語的主語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。被動(dòng)義。di
10、fficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _(read)to doto read,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語又和該句主語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成主謂構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。表示狀態(tài)特征的表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞+ADJ./N.,用用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。1) 表示狀態(tài)特征的表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞+adj./n
11、.,用用主主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.)The steel feels cold2) 表示表示“開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)”的動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。式表被動(dòng)義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every day表示主語的表示主語的屬性特征的動(dòng)詞屬性特征的動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞WELL/ BADLY/EASILY/SMOOTHLY,用主用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義3)
12、表示主語的表示主語的屬性特征的動(dòng)詞屬性特征的動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。(read,write,set,sell,wash, clean, wear, open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,.)The pen writes smoothly4) 作作“需要需要”講的講的want/need/require后接后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)，用主動(dòng)式主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義；當(dāng)表被動(dòng)義；當(dāng)然也可接然也可接不定式的被動(dòng)式不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語作賓語。Your jacket needs washing
13、/ to be washed5)在在某些形容詞某些形容詞后后作狀語作狀語,且和句子且和句子的主語的主語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。表被動(dòng)義。(difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy, dangerous, safe,.)The fish is not fit to eat6) 作作,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語又和該句主語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成主構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)謂關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義;但若用在但若用在there
14、be結(jié)構(gòu)中，主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)均結(jié)構(gòu)中，主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)均可（口語中常用主動(dòng)式）?？桑谡Z中常用主動(dòng)式）。I have a lot of homework to doThere are many things to do/to be done 7) be to blame表示表示“應(yīng)受批評(píng)應(yīng)受批評(píng),責(zé)備責(zé)備”，用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。The boy is to blame for what he has done8)不及物動(dòng)詞和一些不及物動(dòng)詞短語沒有不及物動(dòng)詞和一些不及物動(dòng)詞短語沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 rise,happen,succeed,remain,. take place,break
15、out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to,.加加TO/FOR在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前加在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前加to: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach, etc.在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前加在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前加for:buy,build,cook,cut,choose,find,fetch,do,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,sing,etc.含雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句，一般變間接賓含雙賓
16、語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句，一般變間接賓語語(指人指人)為主語較多。若把直接賓語為主語較多。若把直接賓語(指物指物)改改為主語，則在間接賓語前加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。為主語，則在間接賓語前加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。A new shirt was bought _ meThe magazine was passed on _ him.Those books were sold _ Tom at 5 dollars eachAnother piece of music was played _ the patientsThe cup with mixture was showed _ the class A good di
17、nner has been ordered _ the guests.fortotofortofor帶雙賓語的主動(dòng)句改被動(dòng)注意：注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等動(dòng)詞等動(dòng)詞/短語后作賓語補(bǔ)短語后作賓語補(bǔ)語的不定式都不帶語的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后必；但改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后必須帶須帶to。1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B. is to be heldC. are holdingDwill holdMULTIP
18、LE CHOICE B2. Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factoryA. is being repairedB. is repairedC. has been repairedD. hasnt been repairedA3Every possible means _, but none _ successfulA. has tried; has provedBtried; provesC. has been tried; provesD. is being tried; is provedC4The questio
19、n he asked is hard _ A. for answer B. to answer Cto be answered D. answeringB5In warm weather, fruit and meat _ longA. cannot be keptB. dont keepC. mustnt keepD. is not keptA6He received a telegram _: “Mother ill” Awritten B. reading C. said D. writing B7. -Did you hand him the letter yesterday? -No
20、, I _ to himA. brought itB. took itC. had it sentD. carried it C8Alice had a dress _ last weekAmadeB. makeC. to be madeD. to makeA9The teacher couldnt make him _ attention to because the students were so noisy.A. payB. paidC. to payD. to be paidB10.-When will the lecture begin? -When the students _
21、Ahave sat Bsat down Cwill sit Dare seatedDQUIZ 1 Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQUIZ 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 p
22、m. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedQUIZ 3BCYour jacket needs _(wash)The house requires _(repair)QUIZ 4washingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat
23、) We find English difficult _ (learn)QUIZ 5to eatto learnI have much homework _(do)Ill give the boy some books _(read)QUIZ 6to doto readThere are many things _(do)The boy is _(blame) for what he has doneQUIZ 7to doto be done口語中常用主動(dòng)式口語中常用主動(dòng)式to blameOne day, Lily was having a sleep beside a hollow log
24、 when suddenly she was waken up by the sound of her cell phone. While answering the phone, she was hit on the head by a ballIt was Tom! Of course he was refused when asking her to give the ball back, and was hit in the eye by Lily with the ball. As Lily talked to her father about it over the phone, Tom was frightened. In order to get his ball back, he got into the log but was caught in itHow unlucky he was!
高中英語語法專題(Ivan)課件語法專題15 動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)
