山東省青島市中考英語 第三部分 題型研習(xí) 高分保障 題型2 閱讀理解課件

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1、第三部分第三部分 題型研習(xí)題型研習(xí) 高分保障高分保障題型題型 2 2 閱讀理解閱讀理解解題技法解題技法指導(dǎo)指導(dǎo)類型類型 1 1 判斷型閱讀理解判斷型閱讀理解例題精析例題精析2017臨沂中考 Students have to take tests.Sometimes，robots do too.Torobo from Japan is one of these robots. Torobo is a robot brain with two arms.It is part of a project called “Can a Robot Get into the University of To

2、kyo？”A group of Japanese scientists started it in 2011. To go to the University of Tokyo，Torobo has to take Japans national college entrance exam(高考).So in 2013，the robot started to take the test with Japanese students.Sadly，Torobo has failed the test every year.It couldnt get a good enough score fo

3、r the University of Tokyo.This year it was the same. Torobo has a big database(數(shù)據(jù)庫).So it is good at knowledge and calculations(計算).Thats why it got high scores in physics，history and math.But Torobo is not good at thinking by itself.So it got low scores in language and writing. Scientists started t

4、he Torobo project to learn about the intellectual abilities(智能)of machines.Now after Torobos four years of hard work，they may have learned a lot. 【主旨大意主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要說的是日本機器人Torobo想進入東京大學(xué)，但必須得通過高考，近4年都以失敗告終。日本科學(xué)家通過對Torobo這類機器人的研究，希望研究更高端的智能機器人。1.Torobo is a robot from Japan and it has to take Jap

5、ans national college entrance exam.【解析解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句中“.Torobo has to take Japans national college entrance exam.”可知，Torobo必須參加高考?！敬鸢复鸢浮?A2.A group of Japanese scientists started a project called “Can a Robot Get into the University of Tokyo？” in 2011.【解析解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三句“It is part of a p

6、roject calledCan a Robot Get into the University of Tokyo？A group of Japanese scientists started it in 2011.”可知是2011年開始的這項研究?！敬鸢复鸢浮?A3.Torobo passed Japans national college entrance exam and got into the University of Tokyo in 2013.【解析解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三句“Sadly，Torobo has failed the test every year.

7、”說明Torobo沒有考上東京大學(xué)?！敬鸢复鸢浮?B4.Torobo is good at physics，history，math，language and writing.【解析解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句“Thats why it got high scores in physics，history and math.”和最后一句“So it got low scores in language and writing.”可知它擅長物理、歷史和數(shù)學(xué)，不擅長語言與寫作?！敬鸢复鸢浮?B5.Scientists want to learn about the intellectu

8、al abilities of machines by starting the Torobo project.【解析解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，科學(xué)家們通過開始對Torobo這個項目的研究，就是為了研究更智能化的機器人?！敬鸢复鸢浮?A技法點撥技法點撥 1.主旨大意題：此類題目需要從主題句入手，通常是第一段的首句，或者在結(jié)尾的部分找尋，也可以是中間段落的首句。 2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題：此類題目主要是考查學(xué)生閱讀時對細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)注能力。為了更好地記憶，最好邊讀邊畫，對一些數(shù)字、地名、人名進行標(biāo)記。 3.推理判斷題：此類題目主要考查對文章的表面和內(nèi)涵的聯(lián)系與延伸理解，通過中西文化對比，強化文化交融

9、意識。類型類型 2 選擇型閱讀理解選擇型閱讀理解例題精析例題精析 2017濱州中考 My 14yearold son，John，and I saw the coat at the same time in a secondhand clothing store.It stood out among big and old coats.It was so beautiful and had an unbelievable price，$28.I looked at my son and we both said nothing，but Johns eyes shone.Dark，woolen c

10、oats were popular with teenage boys，but new ones could cost several hundred dollars.This coat was even better.John tried it on and turned from side to side，eyeing himself in the mirror.It fit him so well. John wore the coat to school the next day.After he came home，I asked，“Did the kids like your co

11、at？” “They love it，” he said with a big grin. Over the next few weeks，John changed.He was polite，less argumentative，more thoughtful，and much happier.“Good dinner，mom，” he would say every evening.Without a word of complaining，he would carry in wood for the stove.One day when I suggested that he might

12、 start on his homework before dinner，John，who always put things off，said，“Youre right.I guess I will.” When I mentioned this change to one of his teachers，she joked that the coat must have changed him. John and I both know we should never judge a person by his clothes.But it is true that when wearin

13、g beautiful and suitable clothes，we may try to be better in thought，speech and behavior to match what is on the inside to what is on the outside. 【主旨大意主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了主人公在買了一件新衣服之后，在行為禮貌上發(fā)生了很大變化。我們不應(yīng)以貌取人，但是當(dāng)我們穿上漂亮合適的衣服，我們的行為舉止總會想要和外表匹配。1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.The price of t

14、he coat was too high.B.John liked the coat very much.C.They often went shopping together.D.The writer didnt want to buy the coat.【解析解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段第四句中“.Johns eyes shone.”可知，約翰非常喜歡這件外套。【答案答案】 B2.What does the underlined word “grin” mean?A.A wide smile. B.A worried look.C.An upset voice. D.An angry

15、mood.【解析解析】 詞義猜測題。由前句“They love it”可知，兒子的衣服受到同學(xué)們的喜愛。結(jié)合他的改變可知，此時他的心情是快樂的?！敬鸢复鸢浮?A3.What did John use to do when he was asked to study?A.Start at once.B.Put off his homework.C.Work hard on schoolwork.D.Carry in wood for the stove.【解析解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段第五句中“.John，who always put things off.”可知，他以前是一個凡事拖拉的孩

16、子?！敬鸢复鸢浮?B4.Which of the following changes did NOT happen to John after he wore the coat?A.He was willing to follow suggestions.B.He often helped to do some housework.C.He always worried about his study.D.He said sweet words to make his mother happy.【解析解析】 推理判斷題。由第四段可知，兒子穿上新衣服后學(xué)會了禮貌說話、為爐子添柴、接受家長的建議。

17、運用排除法可知選C?！敬鸢复鸢浮?C5.What does the writer want to say through this passage?A.What we wear could help what we are.B.Life is full of possibilities when we are young.C.We should not judge people by their appearance.D.Its a good choice to try different things in our lives.【解析解析】 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，兒子穿了一件喜歡的衣服上

18、學(xué)后有了全新的改變。這件事告訴我們外在變化會影響內(nèi)在變化，A項與此相符?！敬鸢复鸢浮?A技法點撥技法點撥 1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題：本題型要注意同義或近義句。利用題目的關(guān)鍵詞，尋找文中對應(yīng)的詞，在對應(yīng)詞周圍找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，對號入座。這類試題是針對文章中的細(xì)節(jié)而設(shè)計的，要求考生根據(jù)對短文的理解，直接選擇正確答案，一般在通讀短文之后可直接找出答題依據(jù)，難度較小，屬淺層理解題。 2.推理判斷題：本題型根據(jù)文中某些詞、句子或段落進行推理或根據(jù)句子的語氣、文章的論調(diào)和傾向進行推斷。通讀整篇文章，理解作者意圖，真理不一定是正確答案。 3.詞義猜測題：本題型主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文正確判斷詞義的能力。解答這

19、類題目時需要一些猜詞技巧：根據(jù)上下文猜測；根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞猜測；根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測；通過定義或釋義猜測；根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等來猜測；根據(jù)生活常識猜測。此外，對于這類題目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即將備選答案逐一帶入文中，哪一選項能使句子的意思通順、連貫，且與上下文的內(nèi)容一致，哪一項就是正確答案。 4.標(biāo)題歸納題：本題型考查考生對文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會和理解能力。做此類題要注意：以原文為依據(jù)；不選對的，只選最適合本篇文章的；注意絕對化的詞；答案要避免以點帶面，以偏概全；文中沒有提到的不要妄自猜測。一切以文章內(nèi)容為準(zhǔn)。 5.數(shù)字計算題：在做此類題時：要抓住并正確理解與數(shù)據(jù)有關(guān)的信息含義；弄清眾多信

20、息中哪些屬于有用信息，哪些屬于干擾信息；不要孤立看待數(shù)字信息，還要抓住一些關(guān)鍵用語的意義。 6.主旨大意題：本題型就是從文章的首尾句或段尋找主題句，或縱觀全文歸納總結(jié)文章的主旨大意。做主旨大意題，要求在理解全文后歸納短文的要點，概括中心思想。不少文章一開頭便展示出文章的主題，尤其是新聞報道之類的，第一段通常是故事的梗概，這一段往往表達(dá)文章的中心含義。在文章的段落中往往由第一句作為主題句來概括該段的中心意思。此類題主要針對主題、中心思想、文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次、作者的寫作目的等方面，要求考生在準(zhǔn)確理解文章后，歸納短文要點，概括中心思想，分析和歸納段落大意、重要情節(jié)、人物特征等。即時運用即時運用Passa

21、ge 12017云南中考文體文體說明文話題話題網(wǎng)上購物詞數(shù)詞數(shù)180 Shopping used to mean going to shops，but nowadays，you can shop without even leaving your house.Just sit in front of your computer，click(點擊)your mouse and your things will be sent to your house in several days.You can also use your mobile phone to buy things you wan

22、t. November 11 is a big day for many people who like shopping online.On that day，many stores offer a big sale.The biggest Chinese online shopping sites are T and T. Goods(商品)online are often much cheaper.Shopping online also saves you a lot of time.And you often have more kinds of goods online than

23、in shopping centers.Another big advantage of online shopping is that it helps you get things easily from different cities，even different countries. While enjoying online shopping，many people also have worries，especially for middle school student buyers.They often buy things that they dont need.“Midd

24、le school students should pay more attention to their study.Searching for things to buy online wastes their time，” said teachers. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正(A)誤(B)。( ) 1.Nowadays，shopping becomes easier than before.( ) 2.Many people like shopping online on November 11.( ) 3.Shopping online cant save time and mone

25、y.( ) 4.Teachers think middle school students should pay more attention to their study.( ) 5.This article is about disadvantages of shopping online.AABAB即時運用即時運用Passage 1Passage 12017濱州中考文體文體議論文話題話題共享單車詞數(shù)詞數(shù)272 Bikesharing has swept across China，with an increasing number of people choosing bike ridin

26、g instead of driving.The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it，and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public.Bikesharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily. In some cities，we can see

27、more and more people riding this kind of sharingbikes.Its very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone.First，you have to download such an APP on your smart phone.Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike through the APP，scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with t

28、he bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection.You will find the bike can be unlocked itself.Then you can enjoy your trip.Whats more，the greatest advantage of bikesharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it.The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend.Normal

29、ly，every hour you ride，you need to pay one yuan.It doesnt cost so much，does it? At the same time，some people park the bikes in their own homes.Besides，some people dont value the bikes.Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen. Technology and science have changed our soc

30、ial lifestyles.We have to say bikesharing brings us more convenience without doubt.And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.1.From the first paragraph，we know _. A.bikesharing is invented in China B.sharingbikes are used by some people C.most people in cities do

31、nt drive D.sharingbikes can be borrowed anywhere2.The underlined word “scan” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_” in Chinese. A.瀏覽 B.掃描 C.審視 D.細(xì)查3.If you want to use a sharingbike，you must _ first. A.have a smart phone and download an APP B.download an APP and pay for the trip C.unlock the bike and dow

32、nload an APP D.find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyoneBBA 4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage？_ A.Bikesharing is very cheap. B.Sharingbikes may be stolen. C.Sharingbikes are easy to unlock. D.Bikesharing is a kind of green transport.5.The passage probably comes from a _.

33、A.science textbook B.tourist guide C.website news report D.restaurant menuD C 即時運用即時運用Passage 32017銅仁中考文體文體記敘文話題話題相互援助詞數(shù)詞數(shù)227 A poor boy lived in a small town.He sold goods from door to door to pay for school.One day，he had only one cent left，and he was hungry.He decided that he would ask for a meal

34、 at the next house.However，when a young woman opened the door，the boy was shy，so he just asked for some water.The woman knew he was hungry，so she brought him a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly，and then asked，“How much should I pay for it？” “You wont pay for it.My mother has told me that it is

35、good to help the people who are in trouble，”she replied.The boy said，“Then I thank you from my heart.” As the boy left that house，he felt stronger.He knew he had many things to do. Many years later，the young woman became ill.The local doctors couldnt save her.People had to send her to a big city.Whe

36、n the doctor knew who the woman was，he was excited and tried his best to save her life.He succeeded.The woman needed to pay for the medical bill.The doctor learned that she couldnt afford it.So he wrote something down on the medical bill.The woman read the bill，“You have paid it with a glass of milk

37、.”1.The poor boy sold goods from door to door because _. A.he had no money left B.he needed money to buy some food C.he wanted to raise money for Project Hope D.he had to make money for his school2.Why was the young woman sent to a hospital in a big city？_ A.Because she was seriously ill. B.Because

38、she had lots of money. C.Because she wanted to visit the doctor. D.Because she knew the poor boy worked there.CA3.From the passage we can know the doctor (the poor boy)_. A.let the young woman pay for the bill B.was always thankful for the young womans kindness C.didnt remember the young woman D.fai

39、led to save the young womans life4.Which of the following sentences is true？_ A.The young woman had a bad mother. B.The poor boy asked for some money. C.The young woman and her mother were both kind to others. D.The poor boy became a famous engineer when he grew up.5.Whats the best title(標(biāo)題) for the

40、 article？_ A.A Kind Mother B.A Lovely Young Woman C.A Poor Boy D.A Glass of MilkACDPassage 42017日照中考文體 議論文 話題 做家務(wù) 詞數(shù)283 Many kids help parents to do chores in the house.They may take out the trash，walk the dog or sweep the floor.In return，some kids get money or other rewards from their parents，such

41、as 20 minutes to play computer games. But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores.One of them is Jane Smith，a parenting educator and family coach.She believes if kids get rewards，they may think that work isnt worth doing unless you get something in return.For example，k

42、ids wont sweep the floor if they see it is dirty.But they will do it if their parents reward them for it. “Every house is a team effort，” Jane said.“A home is a living space for everyone in the family.Its important for kids to see that we all have a responsibility to keep our home clean.” Other peop

43、le hold different opinions.They believe that money or other rewards encourage kids to do more chores.It also teaches them real world lessons.They can learn about how we need to work to make money. Now，there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores.The apps give kids points and digital (電子的) gi

44、fts that can be used either online or in life.With the app ChoreMonster，kids earn digital points after doing chores.Kids can exchange their points for real rewards，such as time to play video games or a trip to the mall.“Our goal is to encourage kids so they can earn rewards，” says Joe Black，founder

45、of ChoreMonster.“Kids need positive (積極的) power to make them do chores.”1.Jane Smith thinks that _. A.housework isnt worth doing B.kids are not willing to do chores C.kids should get something in return D.kids shouldnt get rewards for doing chores2.ChoreMonster is a(n) _. A.educator B.coach C.app D.

46、app founder3.If rewarded for doing chores，kids can learn to _. A.take responsibilities B.use apps well C.make money through work D.understand team effortCCC4.Whats the purpose of the apps mentioned in the passage？_ A.To give kids points and gifts. B.To encourage kids to do chores. C.To exchange poin

47、ts for real rewards. D.To give kids advice on doing chores.5.The passage mainly talks about _. A.how to encourage kids to do chores B.what kind of chores kids should do C.if kids should do chores at home D.whether kids should be rewarded for doing choresBDPassage 520162016濟南中考濟南中考 文體文體 記敘文 話題話題旅游詞數(shù)詞

48、數(shù)240 There are many reasons why I encourage people to travel，and I know that the experience will make one a better person. I remember when I was traveling that I began to know the world better.The world is not just about me，my small town and home.Although you will meet different people from all over

49、 the world，you will realize that people are similar in their dreams，hopes and feelings.Enjoy exploring the different cultures，and you will also find that people are different in some of the things they do and how they live.Once you understand their ways，it need not be strange or scary.Often we read

50、stories about other cultures in books.Only when we visit their areas，do we find that those stories are something wrong. One thing you may find out is that there are problems all over the world.We cannot just get money to send to these areas and hope that will work them out.The world should get invol

51、ved (干預(yù)) and help wherever there are problems.People everywhere should be given a chance.It is so easy to ignore (忽視) this if one does not travel and explore.One can look around and see that so many people have many challenges worse than ours.One can realize that sometimes our biggest problems are n

52、ot that big after all. On your journey you will meet lots of new friends.Talking to strangers and finding about their lives is a great way to spend your time.You will certainly be more confident after having to cope_with problems and make many decisions along the way.When you travel，you have to be o

53、n your own in some situations.You will surprise yourself by how well you can do that.All your special experiences could make an interesting book to read.It would be filled with all your adventures and special memories.Traveling around and seeing so much happening in the world around us is a wonderfu

54、l experience.If we could all just travel a little more and share our experiences，we would all be better people and the world would be a better place.1.From Paragraph 2，we can learn that_.A.people around the world are the same in their hopesB.books always tell us wrong stories about culturesC.traveli

55、ng can help us better understand the worldD.people in different places have strange living habits2.According to Paragraph 3，we can help the areas in need by _.CB A.sending them money B.offering them chances C.looking around3.The expression “cope _with” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “_”. A.solve

56、 B.avoid C.meet D.cover4.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage？_ A.People in the World Are Family B.Traveling Helps One Make More Friends C.People in the World Share One Dream D.Traveling Makes One a Better Person5.Whats the writers purpose of writing the passage? _ A.To share his travel experiences with other people. B.To encourage more people to travel around. C.To show how traveling can change the world. D.To tell people how to travel around the world.ADB