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九年級(jí)(全)　Units 13—14 中考基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理 類別 課標(biāo)考點(diǎn)要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.wood(n.)→__wooden__(adj.)木制的；木頭的 2.harm(v.& n．)→__harmful__(adj.)有害的★ 3.advantage(n.)→__disadvantage__(反義詞)缺點(diǎn)；不利條件 4.thirst(n.)→__thirsty__(adj.)口渴的；渴望的 5.graduate(v.)→__graduation__(n.)畢業(yè) 6.care(v.)→__caring__(adj.)體貼人的；關(guān)心他人的 7.manage(v.)→__manager__(n.)經(jīng)理；經(jīng)營者 8.congratulate(v.)→__congratulation__(n.)祝賀 9.our(pron.)→__ours__(名詞性物主代詞)我們的 10.thank(v.& n．)→__thankful__(adj.)感謝；感激 11.cost(v.)→__cost__(過去式/過去分詞)花費(fèi)★ 12.overe(v.)→__overcame__(過去式) →__overe__(過去分詞)克服；戰(zhàn)勝 13.science(n.)→__scientific__(adj.)科學(xué)上的；科學(xué)的 短 語 歸 納 1.起作用；有影響__make__a__difference__ 2.參加__take__part__in__ 3.關(guān)掉__turn__off__ 4.付費(fèi)；付出代價(jià)__pay__for__ 5.扔掉；拋棄__throw__away__ 6.好好利用某物__put__sth.to__good__use__ 7.拆下；摧毀__pull…down__ 8.上下顛倒；倒轉(zhuǎn)__upside__down__ 9.恢復(fù)；使想起；歸還__bring__back__ 10.在……方面起作用__play__a__part__in__ 11.砍倒；削減__cut__down__ 12.代替；而不是__instead__of__ 13.對(duì)……有害__be__harmful__to__ 14.建立__set__up__ 15.連續(xù)幾次地__in__a__row__ 16.弄得一團(tuán)糟(一塌糊涂)__make__a__mess__ 17.沉住氣；保持冷靜__keep__ones__cool__ 18.信任；信賴__believe__in__ 19.首先__first__of__all__ 20.渴望；渴求__be__thirsty__for__ 21.在……前面__ahead__of__ 22.對(duì)……有責(zé)任；負(fù)責(zé)任__be__responsible__for__ 23.出發(fā)；啟程__set__out__ 24.分離；隔開__separate__from__ 25.在……頂部或頂端__at__the__top__of__ 26.采取行動(dòng)__take__action__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) ( 含 情 景 交 際 ) 1.(談?wù)撐廴镜慕鉀Q辦法)“你們對(duì)如何解決這些問題有什么好主意？”“為了減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)該乘坐公交或地鐵代替開車出行?！? —What are your ideas for solving these problems？ —To __cut__down__air pollution，we should take the bus or subway __instead__of__ driving. 2.(談?wù)摥h(huán)境保護(hù))“你曾經(jīng)參加過環(huán)保項(xiàng)目嗎？”“是的，我參加過。” —__Have__ you ever __taken__part__in__ an environmental project？ —Yes，I __have__. 3.因此，我們齊心協(xié)力就能帶來變化，創(chuàng)造更加美好的未來！ So together，our actions can __make__a__difference__ and __lead__to__ a better future！ 4.如果它們的數(shù)目降至過低，它會(huì)給所有海洋生物帶來危險(xiǎn)。 If their numbers __drop__ too low，it __will__bring__ danger to all ocean life. 5.到目前為止，沒有科學(xué)研究顯示鯊魚鰭對(duì)健康有好處，所以為什么吃它們呢？ __So__far__，no scientific studies __have__shown__ that shark fins __are__good__for__ health，so why eat them？ 6.對(duì)于帶小孩子的父母來說，使用公共交通工具很難…… Its difficult __for__ parents __with__young children __to__use__ public transportation… 7.來自香港的杰西卡王使用人們不再穿的舊衣服來制作袋子。 Jessica Wong from Hong Kong __uses__old clothes that people dont wear anymore __to__make__ bags. 8.藝術(shù)不但能夠給他人帶來快樂，而且也說明只需要一點(diǎn)創(chuàng)造力，即便是冰冷、堅(jiān)硬的鐵也可以產(chǎn)生活力。 __Not__only__can__the__art__ bring happiness to others，__but__it__also__shows__ that even cold，hard iron can __be__brought__back__to__ life with a little creativity. 9.現(xiàn)在到了畢業(yè)的時(shí)間了。 And now its time __to__graduate__. 10.感謝你們今天來參加第三中學(xué)的畢業(yè)典禮。 __Thank__you__for__ing__ today to attend the graduation ceremony at No.3 Junior High School. 11.但伴隨著困難，也有很多令人興奮的事情等著你們。 But __along__with__ difficulties，there will also be many exciting things __waiting__for__ you. 12.雖然現(xiàn)在你們不得不各奔東西，我希望在幾年后，你們能夠回我們學(xué)校參觀。 __Although__ you have to go your separate ways now，I hope that __in__a__few__years__time__，youll __e__ back to visit our school. 13.(展望未來)“你有什么期待嗎？”“我期待著進(jìn)入高中?！? —What are you looking forward to？ —Im looking forward to __going__to__ senior high school. 語法 1.復(fù)習(xí)used to、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法 2.復(fù)習(xí)賓語從句和be going to的用法 話題 Unit 13 Protecting the environment(保護(hù)環(huán)境)★ Unit 14 School days(校園生活) 素 材 包 環(huán)境問題： 1.As is known to all，the air has been seriously polluted around us. 2.The air is so terrible that many people get ill. 3.Its time for us to do something to save the world. 4.Not only does pollution affect our life and health，but also it has a great effect in the future. 解決措施： 1.To live in a better environment，we must keep the air clean and fresh. 2.First of all，we can ride bicycles or walk to school as often as possible. 3.Planting more trees and growing more flowers can make our city more beautiful. 4.Recycling waste is one of the ways to protect the environment. 5.When going shopping，use your own shopping bag instead of plastic bags. 預(yù)測(cè)美好的未來： 1.Lets try our best to make our city cleaner and more beautiful. 2.In my opinion，a green city is the key to a healthy life. 3.In the future，the air will be cleaner and the people will be healthier. 4.I believe we can make the world a better place to live in. 5.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment，the world will bee a better place to live in. 貴陽中考重難點(diǎn)突破 　afford的用法 (教材九年級(jí)P100) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)afford為動(dòng)詞，意為“買得起；承擔(dān)得起(后果)；提供；給予”。如： I thought he afforded a big house.我認(rèn)為他買得起大房子。 (2)afford指“給予”時(shí)，可接雙賓語。如： My parents afford me nearly all the things.我的父母幾乎給予我一切。 (3)afford to do sth.意為“負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事”，通常和can(could)，cant(couldnt)，be able to連用。如： She can hardly afford to wait for another hour.她幾乎做不到再多等一小時(shí)了。 1．Her mother can not__afford__(買得起) her a new dress. 2．We arent poor but we cant afford __to__buy__(buy) a house like that. ( B )3.(xx天津中考改編)I am afraid we can not ______ to take a taxi.Lets go by underground instead. A．refuse B．a(chǎn)fford C．forget 　congratulate的用法 (教材九年級(jí)P110) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)通常用于congratulate sb.on sth.，意為“為某事而祝賀某人”。如： She congratulated me warmly on my good exam results.她熱情地祝賀我考試取得了好成績(jī)。 (2)congratulation是congratulate的名詞形式，其復(fù)數(shù)形式常單獨(dú)使用。如： —Ive got the first prize.我得了一等獎(jiǎng)。 —Congratulations！祝賀！ ( B )1.(新信息題)Lei Haiwei won the champion(冠軍) in Chinese Poetry Conference Ⅲ.Lets ______ him! A．thank B．congratulate C．give ( B )2.(原創(chuàng)題)—I was admitted(錄取) to Guiyang No.1 High School. —______ A．Good idea! B．Congratulations! C．Good luck! 　She has been doing this for a few years now.現(xiàn)在她一直在做這件事好幾年了。(教材九年級(jí)P102) 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)“have been＋現(xiàn)在分詞”，是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，這動(dòng)作可能仍在進(jìn)行，也可能剛停止。如： It has been raining since last Sunday.自上周日以來就一直在下雨。 (2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如： I have read the book.我讀過這本書。 I have been reading the book.我一直在讀這本書。 【溫馨提示】 有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞(如work，study，live，teach，stay等)在表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間時(shí)用這兩種時(shí)態(tài)含義差不多，只是用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。如： How long have you worked/been working here？你在這兒工作多久了？ ( C )—Dave，we will leave in 10 minutes.Are you ready? —No，I ________ our guide book and towels yet. A．dont pack 　　　B．didnt pack C．havent packed 隨堂知識(shí)鞏固 單項(xiàng)選擇。 ( A )1.(xx云南中考改編)Dont play games on the puter all day.Its ______ to your eyes. A．harmful B．helpful C．thankful ( B )2.(xx隨州中考改編)As we ______ on our new journey，we shouldnt forget where we came from. A．take out B．set out C．cut out ( A )3.(xx青島中考改編)As students，we should ______ ourselves.We cant spend much time playing puter games. A．be responsible for B．be proud of C．be popular with ( A )4.(2019預(yù)測(cè))—What a big storm last night! —Yes.I was doing my homework.Suddenly，all the lights ______ in my house. A．went off B．turned off C．took off ( A )5.(xx貴港中考改編)—Im going to Hong Kong next month.What about you，Jenny? —I will ______ social practice. A．take part in B．take place C．take off ( C )6.(xx烏魯木齊中考改編)If you can speak English well，you will have a great ______ over others when looking for a job. A．a(chǎn)ctivity B．a(chǎn)ttention C．a(chǎn)dvantage ( B )7.(xx常州中考改編)—Could you tell me how to behave politely in public in the UK? —Yes.______，you should keep your voice down and always queue. A．After all B．First of all C．In all ( C )8.(xx安徽中考改編)I am surprised at the new look of my hometown，for it ______ a lot over the years. A．change B．changes C．has changed ( B )9.The students love the teachers ______ can make their lessons fun. A．whom B．who C．whose ( B )10.______ at the past years，I will proudly say I havent wasted any time. A．Looking up B．Looking back C．Looking down 高頻話題寫作指導(dǎo) 保護(hù)環(huán)境 ◆話題解讀 “保護(hù)環(huán)境”屬于《中學(xué)英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中第21個(gè)話題——熱點(diǎn)話題(Topical Issues)中的Environmental Protection。 從命題角度上來看：我們生活的地球正面臨著巨大的環(huán)境壓力，如空氣污染、水污染、動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕等現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。保護(hù)環(huán)境是每一個(gè)人的責(zé)任，環(huán)保更應(yīng)該滲透到中學(xué)生的意識(shí)中去，所以這種具有教育意義的寫作話題，固然備受中考的青睞，成為了中考英語寫作的熱點(diǎn)話題。如xx年安順和xx年黔西南均考查了該話題。 從作文類型上來看：屬于記敘文類型。學(xué)生對(duì)現(xiàn)在生活的環(huán)境問題以及如何解決這些問題進(jìn)行闡述。 從作文內(nèi)容上來看：以“保護(hù)環(huán)境”為主題的書面表達(dá)通常有三種寫作形式： 1．對(duì)現(xiàn)在的環(huán)境問題進(jìn)行闡述，提高每個(gè)人的環(huán)保意識(shí)，呼吁大家加入環(huán)保行列； 2．由現(xiàn)實(shí)的環(huán)境問題入手，提出科學(xué)合理的環(huán)保手段和措施； 3．闡述為什么要拯救地球，怎么拯救地球、保護(hù)環(huán)境。 ◆核心詞匯和句型 1．詞匯 be seriously polluted 受到嚴(yán)重污染 energy and natural resources 能源和自然資源 reduce the pollution 減少污染 cut down 砍倒 pour waste water into…把廢水倒入…… throw rubbish everywhere 到處扔垃圾 pollute the environment 污染環(huán)境 harm the health 危害健康 clean and tidy 干凈整潔 Clean Plate Campaign 光盤行動(dòng) the source of life 生命之源 build an economical society 建設(shè)節(jié)約型社會(huì) 2．句型 We all live on the earth and it is our home.我們都住在地球上，地球是我們的家園。 Saving energy is very important.節(jié)約能源非常重要。 Lets work together from now on！讓我們現(xiàn)在就一起行動(dòng)吧！ ◆典例剖析 (原創(chuàng)題)貴州連續(xù)9年舉辦生態(tài)文明國際論壇，為全球環(huán)境治理提供解決思路。你想不想也為自己的家鄉(xiāng)貴州建言獻(xiàn)策呢？請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面表格提示，寫一篇以“How to Protect Our Environment”為題的英語短文，不少于90詞。 人類的不明智之舉 1.濫伐樹林 2．亂扔垃圾 3．不加處理排放廢物 導(dǎo)致的問題 1.土地沙化 2．河水變臟 3．空氣質(zhì)量差 4．全球氣溫升高 建議 至少兩條合理化建議 【審題指導(dǎo)】這篇書面表達(dá)要求介紹如何保護(hù)環(huán)境，屬于建議做法類文章。在描述做法、問題及提出建議時(shí)，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。表格中給出了作文的要點(diǎn)：一是目前人們不明智的做法；二是導(dǎo)致的問題；三是提出建議，這一部分可以根據(jù)自己的觀點(diǎn)來適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。注意在提出建議時(shí)，從“我們”的角度出發(fā)，主要使用第一人稱。 【寫作導(dǎo)圖】 How to Protect Our Environment Causes→cut down too many trees； throw rubbish away； pour waste water… Problems→Land has changed into desert. Rivers and lakes are dirty. Air bees worse and worse. … Suggestions→reduce the waste； recycling… Expectations→Our world will bee more and more beautiful. 【參考范文】 How to Protect Our Environment As time goes by，man is making the earth sick.People cut down too many trees and throw rubbish here and there.Many factories pour waste water into rivers and lakes.As a result，a lot of rich land has changed into desert，leaving only sand.Many rivers and lakes are dirty now.The air is being worse and worse.The temperature bees higher and higher.Many people are in bad health.I think everyone is supposed to reduce the waste.Recycling can not only protect the environment but also save money.Wed better not buy bottles or boxes which people can use only once.If we take actions，our world will bee more and more beautiful. 【名師點(diǎn)評(píng)】這篇文章內(nèi)容完整，不僅涵蓋了所有要點(diǎn)，也提出了自己的建議，這些建議非常合理，也很切題，是一篇佳作。as time goes by，throw rubbish here and there，as a result，be in bad health等短語的應(yīng)用，體現(xiàn)了作者豐富的語言積累和深厚的語言功底。同時(shí)，文章還多次使用了比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)和定語從句，使全文語言結(jié)構(gòu)豐富，句式多樣，讓文章更出彩。最后一句用條件狀語從句來表達(dá)，提出號(hào)召的同時(shí)總結(jié)全文。 ◆自我測(cè)評(píng) 地球是我們?nèi)祟惞餐募覉@?！暗吞?、環(huán)?！币殉蔀楫?dāng)今時(shí)代主題。目前，我市英語學(xué)會(huì)準(zhǔn)備在全市中學(xué)生中開展以“Save Our Earth”為主題的英語征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下三個(gè)方面的提示寫一篇短文。 1．重要性：地球是我們的家園； 2．主要問題：污染、疾病、災(zāi)難； 3．措施：減少污染、保護(hù)大自然。 要求：1.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱； 2．詞數(shù)80以上。 　　　　　　　　　Save Our Earth We all live on the earth.The earth is our home.We have only one earth，so we must take care of it.It gives us the best environment.If we harm it，it will be angry，and then we will be punished.There are three problems on our earth.They are pollution，disaster and illness. Its our duty to protect our environment，so we must plant more trees，protect the flowers and the trees to reduce the pollution.Protecting the nature is very important.Its our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment，the earth will bee much more beautiful.　________________________________________________________________________