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1、第一部分第一部分 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 必修必修41_ n人物人物2_ vt. 出版出版3_ n. 突破突破4_ vt. 支持支持5_ vt. 取代；以取代；以代替代替6_ adj. 聰穎的；才華橫溢的聰穎的；才華橫溢的7_ adj. 簡短的；簡潔的簡短的；簡潔的8_ adv. 部分地；在一定程度上部分地；在一定程度上9_ adj. 身體的身體的figurepublishbreakthroughsupportreplacebrilliantbriefpartlyphysical10_ vi. 逃跑；逃避逃跑；逃避11_ adj. 直的直的12_ vi. (煙霧煙霧)消散消散13_ vt.
2、教育教育education n. 教育教育14_ n. 產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)量produce v. 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)producer n. 生產(chǎn)者生產(chǎn)者15_ vt. 出口出口import vt. 進(jìn)口進(jìn)口escapestraightcleareducateproductionexport16_ n. 農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè)agricultural adj. 農(nóng)業(yè)的農(nóng)業(yè)的17_ n. 數(shù)量數(shù)量quality n. 質(zhì)量質(zhì)量18_ vi. 畢業(yè)畢業(yè)n. 畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)生 graduation n. 畢業(yè)畢業(yè)19_ adj. 個人的；私人的個人的；私人的personally adv. 就自己而言就自己而言20_ vi. 爆炸爆炸 exp
3、losion n. 爆炸，爆炸聲爆炸，爆炸聲agriculturequantitygraduatepersonalexplode1_培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育2_ 由于由于的結(jié)果的結(jié)果3_ 因因而出名而出名/聞名聞名4_ 謀生謀生5_ 掌權(quán)掌權(quán)bring upas a result ofbe known forearn ones livingcome to power1He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.他想，養(yǎng)活世人的關(guān)鍵是更多更快地生產(chǎn)水稻。他
4、想，養(yǎng)活世人的關(guān)鍵是更多更快地生產(chǎn)水稻。解讀解讀the key to doing sth.做某事的關(guān)鍵做某事的關(guān)鍵仿寫仿寫資金是解決這個問題的關(guān)鍵。資金是解決這個問題的關(guān)鍵。Money is _.the key to solving the problem2But not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.但不是每個人都想在戰(zhàn)爭中使用火箭。但不是每個人都想在戰(zhàn)爭中使用火箭。解讀解讀not everybody/everyone.部分否定。意為：并非部分否定。意為：并非每一個每一個仿寫仿寫并不是每個人都適合干這項(xiàng)工作。并不是每個人都適合干這項(xiàng)工作
5、。_ do this job.Not everyone is fit to3The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.箭管被綁在一根長棍上，這根長棍能使火箭沿直線移動。箭管被綁在一根長棍上，這根長棍能使火箭沿直線移動。解讀解讀keep賓語賓補(bǔ)賓語賓補(bǔ) “使使一直做某事一直做某事”仿寫仿寫別讓我等太久。別讓我等太久。Dont _ too long.keep me waiting for4Or was he carried miles int
6、o space，becoming the worlds first astronaut？他是否會被運(yùn)載數(shù)英里進(jìn)入太空變？他是否會被運(yùn)載數(shù)英里進(jìn)入太空變成世界上第一位宇航員呢？成世界上第一位宇航員呢？解讀解讀現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。表示一種順其自然、合現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。表示一種順其自然、合乎情理的結(jié)果。乎情理的結(jié)果。仿寫仿寫音樂會因故取消了，令孩子們很失望。音樂會因故取消了，令孩子們很失望。T h e c o n c e r t w a s c a n c e l l e d f o r s o m e reason,_. making the children disappointed復(fù)
7、習(xí)被動語態(tài)；復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)；byv.-ing形式形式1More people_in hospital in 2014 than at any time since the start of the Health Service.Aare being treatedBhave treatedCare treating Dhave been treated解析：句意：自從健康服務(wù)開辦以來，在解析：句意：自從健康服務(wù)開辦以來，在2014年更多的人在年更多的人在醫(yī)院得到了治療。醫(yī)院得到了治療。treat 意思為意思為“治療治療”，與主語，與主語people應(yīng)應(yīng)該是被動關(guān)系。所以我們排除該是被動關(guān)系。所以
8、我們排除B和和C項(xiàng)。再由項(xiàng)。再由since引導(dǎo)的時引導(dǎo)的時間狀語常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，應(yīng)當(dāng)選間狀語常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，應(yīng)當(dāng)選D。D2(2013遼寧大連第一次模擬遼寧大連第一次模擬)Proper first aid can save a seriously injured person，especially when he or she is bleeding heavily or_.Ahas poisoned Bwas poisonedChas been poisoned Dis poisoning解析：此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時表示解析：此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時表示“已經(jīng)中毒已經(jīng)中毒”。poison與與
9、主語應(yīng)該是被動關(guān)系。主語應(yīng)該是被動關(guān)系。C3Every year，when the peach blossoms are at their best，a festival_at the Beijing Botanical Garden.Ais held Bwill be heldCheld Dholds解析：解析：hold表示表示“舉行舉行”，與主語，與主語festival是動賓關(guān)系，又因是動賓關(guān)系，又因?yàn)樵囶}敘述規(guī)律的情況。所以選項(xiàng)為試題敘述規(guī)律的情況。所以選項(xiàng)A對。對。A4Youve failed to do what you_to and Im afraid the teacher wi
10、ll blame you.Awill expect Bwill be expectedCexpected Dwere expected解析：句意：你未能做到大家期望你做到的事情，恐怕老師解析：句意：你未能做到大家期望你做到的事情，恐怕老師會責(zé)備你的。既然是會責(zé)備你的。既然是“have failed”，那么，那么“期望期望”應(yīng)是發(fā)生應(yīng)是發(fā)生在過去的事情，要用一般過去時；而在過去的事情，要用一般過去時；而you和和expect之間是被之間是被動關(guān)系，故選動關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。D5The key_out of the present crisis of our company is to incre
11、ase sales _expanding exportation.Ato get；by Bto getting；withCto get；with Dto getting；by解析：考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)及介詞。句意：擺脫目前我們公司危機(jī)解析：考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)及介詞。句意：擺脫目前我們公司危機(jī)的關(guān)鍵是通過擴(kuò)大出口來增加銷售量。的關(guān)鍵是通過擴(kuò)大出口來增加銷售量。the key to doing意意為為“做某事的關(guān)鍵做某事的關(guān)鍵”，to為介詞后跟動詞為介詞后跟動詞ing形式；第二空形式；第二空用介詞用介詞by表示通過某種手段或方式，故選表示通過某種手段或方式，故選D。D1.supportvt.支持；支撐；維持；供
12、養(yǎng)支持；支撐；維持；供養(yǎng)nU支持；擁護(hù)；供養(yǎng)支持；擁護(hù)；供養(yǎng)(教材教材P3 2)The research was supported by the government.這項(xiàng)研究得到了政府的支持。這項(xiàng)研究得到了政府的支持。(1)support sb.in sth.在在方面支持某人方面支持某人support a proposal/ban/reform 擁護(hù)一項(xiàng)提議擁護(hù)一項(xiàng)提議/禁令禁令/改革改革support ones family 養(yǎng)家糊口養(yǎng)家糊口(2)come to ones support 來支持某人來支持某人in support of. 支持支持(2013高考天津卷高考天津卷完形填空完形
13、填空)From dawn to dusk，he works countless hours to support our family.他從早到晚工作了無數(shù)個小時是為了養(yǎng)活我們一家人。他從早到晚工作了無數(shù)個小時是為了養(yǎng)活我們一家人。We _ the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.我們?nèi)χС志酱驌舴缸锘顒拥墓ぷ?。我們?nèi)χС志酱驌舴缸锘顒拥墓ぷ鳌?Several experts have spoken _ the ban on drunk driving.幾位專家都表示支持禁止酒后駕車。幾位專家都表示支持禁止酒后駕車。s
14、upportin support of2.quantityn量；數(shù)量量；數(shù)量(教材教材P33)A yield refers to quantity.產(chǎn)量指的是數(shù)量。產(chǎn)量指的是數(shù)量。a large/small quantity of大量大量/少量的少量的large quantities of 大量的；許多的大量的；許多的in quantity 大量地大量地(朗文辭典朗文辭典) Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.本學(xué)期你的作業(yè)在數(shù)量和質(zhì)量上都有提高。本學(xué)期你的作業(yè)在數(shù)量和質(zhì)量上都有提高。He wants to buy
15、the books _,so the storekeeper will not charge him much.他想大量購買這些書，因此店主不會要很多錢。他想大量購買這些書，因此店主不會要很多錢。Large quantities of money _ the earthquake victims.有大筆的錢寄給了地震災(zāi)民。有大筆的錢寄給了地震災(zāi)民。in quantityhave been sent to溫馨提示溫馨提示(1)a quantity of或或quantities of后既可接可數(shù)名后既可接可數(shù)名詞也可接不可數(shù)名詞。詞也可接不可數(shù)名詞。(2)“a quantity of名詞名詞”作主
16、語時作主語時,謂語動詞與名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)謂語動詞與名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致的一致;而而“quantities of名詞名詞”作主語時作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3.escapen& v逃跑；逃脫；逃避逃跑；逃脫；逃避(教材教材P39)The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)從管子中冒出的氣體能使它升到天空去。中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)從管子中冒出的氣體能使它升到天空去。(1)have a narrow escape九死一生九死一生(2)escape (doing)sth.
17、 逃脫逃脫(做做)某事某事escape from/out of. 從從逃跑，逃走逃跑，逃走escape ones attention/notice逃過某人的注意，被某逃過某人的注意，被某 人忽視人忽視sth.escape sb. 某事被某人遺忘某事被某人遺忘(2013高考江西卷高考江西卷閱讀表達(dá)閱讀表達(dá))Once hooked，fish have no chance of escape.一旦被鉤住，魚是沒有機(jī)會逃脫的一旦被鉤住，魚是沒有機(jī)會逃脫的。Two men have _ this prison.兩名男子從監(jiān)獄逃脫。兩名男子從監(jiān)獄逃脫。His name escapes me.我想不起來他的
18、名字了。我想不起來他的名字了。 W h o e v e r b r e a k s t h e l a w wont_ _！無論是誰違反法律都將避免不了懲罰。！無論是誰違反法律都將避免不了懲罰。escaped from escape punishment/being punished溫馨提示溫馨提示escape作名詞，表示抽象意義的作名詞，表示抽象意義的“逃跑逃跑”時為時為不可數(shù)名詞，表示具體一次的不可數(shù)名詞，表示具體一次的“逃跑逃跑”時為可數(shù)名詞。時為可數(shù)名詞。4.clearvt.使清澈；使清楚；掃清使清澈；使清楚；掃清vi.變清澈；變清澈；(天天)變晴；變晴；(煙霧煙霧)消散消散adj.清
19、澈的；晴朗的；清晰的；暢通的清澈的；晴朗的；清晰的；暢通的(教材教材P39)When the smoke cleared，Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.當(dāng)煙霧散去后，萬虎和他的座椅都消失了。當(dāng)煙霧散去后，萬虎和他的座椅都消失了。(1)clear away掃除，收拾掃除，收拾clear up 整理，收拾，消除整理，收拾，消除(誤會、疑慮等誤會、疑慮等)；(天天)放晴放晴clear ones throat 清清嗓子清清嗓子(2)make.clear 清楚表明，講清楚清楚表明，講清楚(2013高考江蘇卷高考江蘇卷完形填空完形填空)I found the o
20、wner，rented it，and cleared a corner to camp in.我找到房主租下房我找到房主租下房子，然后清理一個角落安頓下來。子，然后清理一個角落安頓下來。(牛津詞典牛津詞典) It is quite clear that she is not coming.很清楚，她不來了。很清楚，她不來了。Youd better _ the rubbish now.你最好現(xiàn)在把垃圾清理走。你最好現(xiàn)在把垃圾清理走。Its raining now，but I think it will _ soon.天還在下雨，但我想天很快就會放晴。天還在下雨，但我想天很快就會放晴。I made
21、 it clear to him that I rejected his proposal.我清楚地告訴他我拒絕了他的建議。我清楚地告訴他我拒絕了他的建議。clear awayclear up.品句填詞品句填詞1._(農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè))plays a very important part in the world.2As far as I know，all these people are innocent _ (犧牲者犧牲者)3The recent hot，humid weather is affecting air _ (質(zhì)量質(zhì)量)4The Indians were the_(原來的原來的)in
22、habitants of North America.5We love reading your letters and we try to _ (發(fā)表發(fā)表)as many as possible.Agriculturevictimsqualityoriginalpublish6Lets keep this conversation_(簡短的簡短的)；I have a plane to catch.7The directors were trying to get rid of her，but her staff all_(支持支持)her.8They have made a major_(突
23、破突破)in cancer research.briefsupportedbreakthrough.單項(xiàng)填空單項(xiàng)填空1(2014濟(jì)南外國語學(xué)校模擬濟(jì)南外國語學(xué)校模擬)The moment I saw him，his name simply_me，and I stood there not knowing how to address him.Achokes BescapedCfailedDconfused解析：句意：我看到他就是想不起他的名字解析：句意：我看到他就是想不起他的名字,我站在那里不知我站在那里不知道該怎樣和他說話。道該怎樣和他說話。sth.escape sb.表示表示“某事被某人遺
24、忘某事被某人遺忘”,符合題意。符合題意。choke抽泣；抽泣； fail失?。皇?；confuse混淆?；煜2(2014海南三亞檢測海南三亞檢測)The truth was_when he admitted he had been there all the time.Acleared out Bcleared awayCcleared up Dcleared off解析：句意：當(dāng)他承認(rèn)他一直在那兒時，真相大白了。解析：句意：當(dāng)他承認(rèn)他一直在那兒時，真相大白了。clear out“除掉除掉(不必要的東西不必要的東西)”；clear away“收拾收拾”；clear up“消除消除(誤會、疑
25、問等誤會、疑問等)”；clear off“匆忙走開匆忙走開”。C3 T h e m a j o r i t y o f p e o p l e i n t h e t o w n strongly_the plan to build a playground for children.Aconsider Bsupport Cconfirm Dsubmit解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都積極地?fù)碜o(hù)解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都積極地?fù)碜o(hù)為孩子們建造運(yùn)動場的計(jì)劃。為孩子們建造運(yùn)動場的計(jì)劃。consider考慮考慮,思考思考,認(rèn)為等認(rèn)為等;support支持，擁護(hù)，維持；支持，
26、擁護(hù)，維持；confirm證實(shí)，確認(rèn)；證實(shí)，確認(rèn)；submit使使屈服，使經(jīng)受。屈服，使經(jīng)受。B4As a result of destroying the forests，a large_of desert_covered the land.Anumber；has Bquantity；hasCnumber；have Dquantity；have解析：句意：因?yàn)樯衷獾狡茐慕馕觯壕湟猓阂驗(yàn)樯衷獾狡茐?大量的沙漠已覆蓋了土地。大量的沙漠已覆蓋了土地?！癮 large number of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，其謂語動詞用復(fù)，其謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；數(shù)；“a large quantity of可數(shù)
27、名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞”作作主語時主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于名詞的數(shù)。故謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于名詞的數(shù)。故B項(xiàng)正確。項(xiàng)正確。B1.earn ones living謀生謀生(教材教材P37)got a job in an office to earn his living找到一份在辦公室的工作來謀生找到一份在辦公室的工作來謀生earn/make a living by/from.靠靠謀生謀生earn a fortune 掙大錢掙大錢earn sb.praise/a reputation 為某人贏得贊揚(yáng)為某人贏得贊揚(yáng)/名聲名聲(朗文辭典朗文辭典) I earned my livin
28、g mainly from teaching.我主要以教書為生。我主要以教書為生。How does she _？她靠什么謀生？她靠什么謀生？The company has earned a reputation for reliability.這家公司已經(jīng)贏得可靠的聲譽(yù)。這家公司已經(jīng)贏得可靠的聲譽(yù)。earn/make her e to power開始執(zhí)政；當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺開始執(zhí)政；當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(教材教材P37)Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.當(dāng)希特勒上臺后，愛因斯坦離開了
29、德國去美國工作。當(dāng)希特勒上臺后，愛因斯坦離開了德國去美國工作。in power當(dāng)權(quán)的，掌權(quán)的當(dāng)權(quán)的，掌權(quán)的in/within ones power 為某人力所能及為某人力所能及beyond/out of ones power 力所不能及力所不能及take/seize power 當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政(牛津詞典牛津詞典) This government came (in)to power at the last election.這一屆政府是經(jīng)最近大選后上臺執(zhí)政的。這一屆政府是經(jīng)最近大選后上臺執(zhí)政的。It is quite _.Im determined to give it up.這大大超出了
30、我的能力，我決定放棄。這大大超出了我的能力，我決定放棄。I will do everything in my power to help you.我愿盡我的力量幫助你。我愿盡我的力量幫助你。beyond my power.選詞填空選詞填空1As soon as their party _，they changed the law.2Most people on the island _ mainly by fishing.3Please _ your plan _ at the meeting.4_ the fire，thousands of people lost their homes.5
31、Shanghai _ the Oriental Pearl TV tower.bring up；as a result of；be known for；earn ones living；come to powercame to powerearn their livingbringupAs a result ofis known for.單項(xiàng)填空單項(xiàng)填空1It has been two years since this party_.Many people wonder whether it will stay on.Ahas been in power Bhas come to powerC
32、took office Dcame to power解析：考查時態(tài)。解析：考查時態(tài)。come to power“掌權(quán)，執(zhí)政掌權(quán)，執(zhí)政”，為短暫，為短暫性動詞短語，因第一個句子中的主句用了現(xiàn)在完成時，從句性動詞短語，因第一個句子中的主句用了現(xiàn)在完成時，從句由由since引導(dǎo)，故引導(dǎo)，故D項(xiàng)符合。項(xiàng)符合。D2Mr.Smith_for years but still doesnt want to leave office.Ahas come to power Bhas been in powerCcame to power Dwas in power解析：考查時態(tài)及詞語辨析。句意：史密斯先生當(dāng)權(quán)有好
33、多解析：考查時態(tài)及詞語辨析。句意：史密斯先生當(dāng)權(quán)有好多年了，但是他仍不想離職。年了，但是他仍不想離職。come to power意為意為“執(zhí)政執(zhí)政”，非延續(xù)性動詞短語；非延續(xù)性動詞短語；be in power“當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政”，延續(xù)性，延續(xù)性短語短語,并且由并且由for years可判斷，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時?？膳袛啵颂幱矛F(xiàn)在完成時。B3Having been out of work for a few months，the couple are now making their_by selling newspapers.Amoney Bfortune Cbusiness Dliving
34、解析：句意：這對夫婦失業(yè)好幾個月了解析：句意：這對夫婦失業(yè)好幾個月了,現(xiàn)在靠賣報(bào)紙為生?，F(xiàn)在靠賣報(bào)紙為生。make ones living“謀生謀生”，符合題意，而，符合題意，而make ones fortune意為意為“發(fā)大財(cái)發(fā)大財(cái)”。D(教材教材P39)The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.箭管被綁在一根長棍上，這根長棍能使火箭沿直線移動。箭管被綁在一根長棍上，這根長棍能使火箭沿直線移動。句中的句中的keep the rocket
35、 moving為為“keep賓語賓補(bǔ)賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。其中結(jié)構(gòu)。其中the rocket是賓語，現(xiàn)在分詞是賓語，現(xiàn)在分詞moving是賓補(bǔ)，賓是賓補(bǔ)，賓語與賓補(bǔ)之間是主動關(guān)系。語與賓補(bǔ)之間是主動關(guān)系。keep賓語賓補(bǔ)賓語賓補(bǔ)We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.我們應(yīng)保持教室整潔干凈。我們應(yīng)保持教室整潔干凈。Youd better keep the child away from the fire.你最好讓孩子離火遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。你最好讓孩子離火遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。 E v e n i f I h a v e t o s e l l m y house,Ill_.即
36、使要賣掉房子，我也要繼續(xù)我的事業(yè)。即使要賣掉房子，我也要繼續(xù)我的事業(yè)。 P l e a s e r e m a i n s e a t e d and_.請坐好并系好安全帶。請坐好并系好安全帶。keep my business goingkeep your seat belts fastened.完成句子完成句子1The bad weather _(使我們使我們不不能出門能出門)2Im sorry to _(讓您久等了讓您久等了)3 T h e o t h e r s t u d e n t s i n t h e c l a s s _(閉著眼睛閉著眼睛)keeps us inside th
37、e housekeep you waitingkeep their eyes shut.單項(xiàng)填空單項(xiàng)填空1Television has so many advantages.It keeps us_about the_news，and it also provides entertainment in the home.Ainformed；latest Bto know；laterClearning；later Dto think；latest解析：考查解析：考查keep sb.done的結(jié)構(gòu)以及形容詞的用法。句意的結(jié)構(gòu)以及形容詞的用法。句意：電視有如此多的好處，它使我們知道最新的消息，而且給
38、：電視有如此多的好處，它使我們知道最新的消息，而且給我們在家里提供娛樂。根據(jù)句意可知第一個空白處應(yīng)用我們在家里提供娛樂。根據(jù)句意可知第一個空白處應(yīng)用informed作作us的賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示的賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示“我們被告知我們被告知”，而，而the latest news則表示則表示“最新消息最新消息”。A2They are working hard to_sorghum and peanut_from being destroyed by pests and chemicals.Akeep；free Bhunger；disturbingCequip；sunburnt Dskim；super解析
39、解析:句意句意:他們正在努力工作保護(hù)高粱和花生免遭害蟲和化學(xué)他們正在努力工作保護(hù)高粱和花生免遭害蟲和化學(xué)物質(zhì)的破壞。物質(zhì)的破壞。keep .free from .“使使免遭免遭侵害侵害”。A寫作素材寫作素材1.對每一個人來說對每一個人來說,很顯然什么也代替不了母親的愛和照顧。很顯然什么也代替不了母親的愛和照顧。2李華的母親，有許多優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì)，在他的教育上花了很多李華的母親，有許多優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì)，在他的教育上花了很多的精力。的精力。3他從清華大學(xué)畢業(yè)后不久就成為他領(lǐng)域里的杰出人物。他從清華大學(xué)畢業(yè)后不久就成為他領(lǐng)域里的杰出人物。4在在2013年他的第一本書出版了。年他的第一本書出版了。5簡言之，是因
40、為母親的支持他才獲得成功的。簡言之，是因?yàn)槟赣H的支持他才獲得成功的。提示：提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。連句成篇連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文詞左右的英語短文)_It is clear to everyone that nothing can replace mothers love and care.Li Huas mother，who has many fine qualities，spent a large quantity of energy on his education.He became an outstandin
41、g figure in his field soon after he graduated from Tsinghua University.His first book was published in 2013.In brief，it is as a result of his mothers support that he achieves success.細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題技法之二細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題技法之二跳讀法跳讀法跳讀查找法是做細(xì)節(jié)理解題最基本也是最常用的方法之一。跳讀查找法是做細(xì)節(jié)理解題最基本也是最常用的方法之一。在通常情況下，細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對某句話或某幾句在通常情況下，細(xì)節(jié)理解
42、題主要考查考生對某句話或某幾句話的理解，考生若能根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子話的理解，考生若能根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。運(yùn)用跳讀查找法時，同學(xué)們要特別注意試題運(yùn)用跳讀查找法時，同學(xué)們要特別注意試題(包括選項(xiàng)包括選項(xiàng))與原與原文之間的適當(dāng)變換。根據(jù)近幾年的高考情況來看，現(xiàn)在很少文之間的適當(dāng)變換。根據(jù)近幾年的高考情況來看，現(xiàn)在很少有直接用原文中的句子進(jìn)行考查和測試的，而通常要進(jìn)行一有直接用原文中的句子進(jìn)行考查和測試的，而通常要進(jìn)行一定的處理。而這種定的處理。而這種“處理處理”主要就是指進(jìn)行語義轉(zhuǎn)換，其中主要
43、就是指進(jìn)行語義轉(zhuǎn)換，其中包括同義變換、概念分析、歸納事實(shí)等。包括同義變換、概念分析、歸納事實(shí)等。(2013高考四川卷高考四川卷)Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to
44、 feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收縮收縮) and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which
45、point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”The study test
46、ed 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we dont seeand guide wheth
47、er we see fear.”To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner(掃描儀掃描儀) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a persons feeling of fear.“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain speak to each other to change our feelings
48、and reduce fear，”Dr Garfinkel said.“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced，we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”解題導(dǎo)語解題導(dǎo)語本文是
49、一篇說明文。本文講述了科學(xué)家通過研本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了科學(xué)家通過研究揭示了恐懼與心臟和大腦的關(guān)系。究揭示了恐懼與心臟和大腦的關(guān)系。47.What is the finding of the study?_AOnes heart affects how he feels fear.BFear is a result of ones relaxed heartbeat.CFear has something to do with ones health.DOnes fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由全文和第四段最后一句解析
50、：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由全文和第四段最后一句Thus our hearts can.fear.可知我們的心跳影響我們對恐懼的感知，可知我們的心跳影響我們對恐懼的感知，所以所以A符合題意。符合題意。A48The study was carried out by analyzing_.Avolunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible picturesBthe time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditionsCvolunteers reactions to horrible pictur
51、es and data from their brain scansDdifferent pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication解析：由文章第四段和第五段可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)是通過分析志愿者解析：由文章第四段和第五段可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)是通過分析志愿者對可怕圖片的反應(yīng)和他們的大腦掃描數(shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行的。對可怕圖片的反應(yīng)和他們的大腦掃描數(shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行的。A項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“志愿者看到可怕圖片時的心跳志愿者看到可怕圖片時的心跳”太片面；太片面；B項(xiàng)中提到了身體健項(xiàng)中提到了身體健康狀況，而文章中并沒有提及，故排除；康狀況，而文章中并沒有提及，故排除；D
52、項(xiàng)中的項(xiàng)中的heartbrain communication是在實(shí)驗(yàn)后提到的，故也排除。是在實(shí)驗(yàn)后提到的，故也排除。C49Which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?_AOrder.BSystem.CMachine. DTreatment.解析：結(jié)合上文的實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，解析：結(jié)合上文的實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，mechanism所在句句意：我所在句句意：我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個重要的們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個重要的(身體內(nèi)的身體內(nèi)的)機(jī)制，通過它心臟和大機(jī)制，通過它心臟和大腦可以互相交流來改善我們的情緒并減少恐懼。故只有腦可
53、以互相交流來改善我們的情緒并減少恐懼。故只有B項(xiàng)項(xiàng)system“體系，系統(tǒng)體系，系統(tǒng)”與與mechanism意思相近。意思相近。order“順順序序,命令命令”；machine“機(jī)械，機(jī)器機(jī)械，機(jī)器”；treatment“治療治療”。B50This study may contribute to_.Atreating anxiety and stress betterBexplaining the cycle of fear and anxietyCfinding the key to the heart-brain communicationDunderstanding different
54、fears in our hearts and heads解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段中的解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段中的.we may be able to develop more.disorder.可知這個研究對治療焦慮和壓可知這個研究對治療焦慮和壓力有好處。所以選力有好處。所以選A項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。A48題為細(xì)節(jié)理解題。此題可采用跳讀法。由文章第四段和第題為細(xì)節(jié)理解題。此題可采用跳讀法。由文章第四段和第五段可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)是通過分析志愿者對可怕圖片的反應(yīng)和他們的五段可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)是通過分析志愿者對可怕圖片的反應(yīng)和他們的大腦掃描數(shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行的。大腦掃描數(shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行的。A項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“志愿者看到可怕圖片時的心跳志愿者看到可怕圖片時的心跳”太片面；太片面；B項(xiàng)中提到了身體健康狀況，而文章中并沒有提及項(xiàng)中提到了身體健康狀況，而文章中并沒有提及，故排除；，故排除；D項(xiàng)中的項(xiàng)中的heart-brain communication是在實(shí)驗(yàn)后是在實(shí)驗(yàn)后提到的，故也排除。因此提到的，故也排除。因此C項(xiàng)正確。項(xiàng)正確。
山西省運(yùn)城市康杰中學(xué)高考英語 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Module 4 Great Scientists復(fù)習(xí)課件 外研版必修4
