中考專題復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞[共64頁(yè)]

《中考專題復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞[共64頁(yè)]》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《中考專題復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞[共64頁(yè)]（64頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、中考專題復(fù)習(xí)中考專題復(fù)習(xí) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞April 13th, 2014一、定義一、定義 不充當(dāng)句子謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。它們不受主語(yǔ)限不充當(dāng)句子謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。它們不受主語(yǔ)限制，無(wú)時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)變化，又稱非限定性動(dòng)詞。制，無(wú)時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)變化，又稱非限定性動(dòng)詞。二、形式二、形式1. 動(dòng)詞不定式（動(dòng)詞不定式（to do sth. ）2. 動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)名詞（v. -ing） 現(xiàn)在分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞（v. -ing)3. 分詞分詞 過(guò)去分詞（過(guò)去分詞（v. -ed或不規(guī)則變化）或不規(guī)則變化）考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一 不定式不定式1 1不定式的基本形式是不定式的基本形式是toto動(dòng)詞原形，它具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)

2、，即可以動(dòng)詞原形，它具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，但它沒(méi)有人稱與數(shù)的變化，在句中也不能作謂語(yǔ)，有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，但它沒(méi)有人稱與數(shù)的變化，在句中也不能作謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式和自己的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式和自己的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。My father asked me not to read in bed.My father asked me not to read in bed.我爸爸告訴我不要在床上讀書。我爸爸告訴我不要在床上讀書。(1)(1)作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用itit作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)

3、放在句末，在句末，ItItbebe形容詞形容詞(for sb.)(for sb.)動(dòng)詞不定式。動(dòng)詞不定式。Its important (for us) to protect the environment.Its important (for us) to protect the environment.( (對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)) )保護(hù)環(huán)境是很重要的。保護(hù)環(huán)境是很重要的。注：當(dāng)在注：當(dāng)在kindkind，goodgood，nicenice，cleverclever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用詞后，不用forfor而用而用ofof。Its very kind Its v

4、ery kind ofof_ _youyou_ _toto_ _helphelp_ _meme. .你幫助我真是太好啦。你幫助我真是太好啦。2不定式的句法作用不定式的句法作用(2)(2)作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)一些謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，常見的這類詞表一些謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，常見的這類詞表示命令、打算或希望，如：示命令、打算或希望，如：would likewould like，wantwant，wishwish，hopehope，decidedecide，planplan，expectexpect等。等。Would you like Would you like toto_ _seesee

5、_ _a a_ _filmfilm this evening? this evening?你今晚想去看電影嗎？你今晚想去看電影嗎？在在findfind，thinkthink后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用itit代替，而代替，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句末。將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句末。I find it easy I find it easy toto_ _readread_ _EnglishEnglish_ _everyevery_ _dayday. .我發(fā)現(xiàn)每天讀英語(yǔ)很容易。我發(fā)現(xiàn)每天讀英語(yǔ)很容易。(3)(3)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，它與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。動(dòng)詞不定式

6、作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，它與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。Lucy asked him Lucy asked him toto_ _turnturn_ _downdown_ _thethe_ _radioradio. .露西要他關(guān)小收音機(jī)的音量。露西要他關(guān)小收音機(jī)的音量。(4)(4)作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在名詞之后，它與名詞有邏輯動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在名詞之后，它與名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。I have a lot of homework I have a lot of homework toto_ _dodo. .我有許多家庭作業(yè)要做。我有許多家庭作業(yè)要做。(5)(5)作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)

7、MrsMrs Wang went to Shanghai Wang went to Shanghai toto_ _seesee_ _herher_ _daughterdaughter.(.(目的目的) )王太太去上?？此畠?。王太太去上?？此畠?。Were glad Were glad toto_ _meetmeet_ _youyou here. ( here. (原因原因) )我們很高興在這見到你。我們很高興在這見到你。He is too tired He is too tired toto_ _workwork_ _onon.(.(結(jié)果結(jié)果) )他太累了而不能繼續(xù)工作。他太累了而不能繼續(xù)

8、工作。3 3不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加notnot。They told us They told us notnot_ _toto_ _playplay basketball basketball too long.too long.他們告訴我們不要玩太長(zhǎng)時(shí)間籃球。他們告訴我們不要玩太長(zhǎng)時(shí)間籃球?！緶剀疤崾尽緶剀疤崾尽?. help后接不定式時(shí)可以省略后接不定式時(shí)可以省略to；2. 有些動(dòng)詞后接不定式時(shí)通常省略有些動(dòng)詞后接不定式時(shí)通常省略to：feel, hear, see, watch, notice, let, make, have（簡(jiǎn)記為一感一聽三看三讓

9、）。（簡(jiǎn)記為一感一聽三看三讓）。上述動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，其后的不定式必須補(bǔ)上上述動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，其后的不定式必須補(bǔ)上“to”。Tom helped his brother (to) learn to swim. 湯姆幫他的弟弟學(xué)習(xí)游泳。湯姆幫他的弟弟學(xué)習(xí)游泳。變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：His brother was helped to learn to swim by Tom. We often hear Jack sing English songs. 我們常聽見杰克唱英文歌。我們常聽見杰克唱英文歌。變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Jack is often heard to sing E

10、nglish songs. 【牢記【牢記】以下詞后跟不定式以下詞后跟不定式1. want, would like, get, decide, learn, teach, wish, hope, expect, agree, plan, pretend, enough, dare, refuse, fail, prepare, try, manage, help, offer, beg, afford, promise, be+形容詞后形容詞后, 疑問(wèn)詞后疑問(wèn)詞后, 序數(shù)詞后序數(shù)詞后 ，the+形容詞最高級(jí)后形容詞最高級(jí)后2. be supposed do sth，be uesed to do

11、sth, uesd to do sth(過(guò)去常常做某事）過(guò)去常常做某事）try ones best to do sth, cant wait to do sth,3.句子：句子：Its ones duty to do sth. It takes sb +錢或時(shí)間錢或時(shí)間to do sth. 考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞 動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞原形-ing構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞同形。動(dòng)名詞既有構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞同形。動(dòng)名詞既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，也有名詞的性質(zhì)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，也有名詞的性質(zhì)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。功能功能例句例句說(shuō)明說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)Ea

12、ting too much is bad for your health. 吃太多對(duì)你的健康有害處。吃太多對(duì)你的健康有害處。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)I like playing basketball very much. 我非常喜歡打籃球。我非常喜歡打籃球。表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作作Stamps are used for sending letters. 郵票是用來(lái)寄信的。郵票是用來(lái)寄信的。功能功能例句例句說(shuō)明說(shuō)明表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的愛好是集郵。他的愛好是集郵。多數(shù)情況下可轉(zhuǎn)換為多數(shù)情況下可轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

13、定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)Bill is in the reading room. 比爾在閱覽室里。比爾在閱覽室里。只表明它所修飾的詞只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等的用途、所屬關(guān)系等【牢記【牢記】1.其后常接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組有其后常接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組有finish，enjoy，practice，understand，mind，keep，consider，miss，avoid(避免避免)，suggest，admit，be worth，have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun，waste time，cant help/cant stop，be used to(習(xí)習(xí)慣

14、于慣于)，所有介詞等，所有介詞等2. 其后既可以接動(dòng)名詞，也可接動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞其后既可以接動(dòng)名詞，也可接動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有有l(wèi)ove，like，prefer，begin，start，continue，remember，try，stop，forget，hate，need，allow，go on等。等。 3當(dāng)當(dāng)need，require，want作作“需要需要”解時(shí)，后加動(dòng)解時(shí)，后加動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)式等于不定式的被動(dòng)式。名詞主動(dòng)式等于不定式的被動(dòng)式。The window needs cleaning.The window needs to be cleaned.那扇窗戶需要被清那扇窗戶需要被清洗。洗。4

15、. 部分動(dòng)詞既可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，又可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，兩者部分動(dòng)詞既可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，又可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，兩者意義區(qū)別較大。意義區(qū)別較大。remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事記得做過(guò)某事remember to do sth. 記得去做某事（未做）記得去做某事（未做）forget doing sth. 忘了做過(guò)某事忘了做過(guò)某事forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事（未做）忘了去做某事（未做）stop doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)去做某事停下來(lái)去做某事need doing sth. 需要做某事（被動(dòng)含義）需要做某事（被動(dòng)含

16、義）need to do sth. 需要去做某事（主動(dòng)含義）需要去做某事（主動(dòng)含義）try doing sth. 嘗試做某事嘗試做某事try to do sth. 盡力做某事盡力做某事hear/see sb. doing sth. 聽見聽見/看見某人正在做某事看見某人正在做某事hear/see sb. do sth. 聽見聽見/看見某人做了某事看見某人做了某事allow doing sth. 允許做某事允許做某事allow sb to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事go on to do sth 做完一件事，接著做另一件事做完一件事，接著做另一件事go on doing sth.

17、 繼續(xù)不停做某事繼續(xù)不停做某事 考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)三 分詞分詞 1. 分詞的構(gòu)成分詞的構(gòu)成分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種。現(xiàn)在分詞由分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+-ing”構(gòu)成。過(guò)去分詞的基本形式是構(gòu)成。過(guò)去分詞的基本形式是“動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞+-ed”，但也有不規(guī)則的形式。，但也有不規(guī)則的形式。2. 分詞的句法功能分詞的句法功能功能功能例句例句說(shuō)明說(shuō)明定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)Do you know the boy playing football? 你認(rèn)識(shí)踢足球的那個(gè)男你認(rèn)識(shí)踢足球的那個(gè)男孩嗎？孩嗎？Please hand in your written exercise. 請(qǐng)交上你的筆試練習(xí)。請(qǐng)交上

18、你的筆試練習(xí)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是所其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是所修飾的詞；過(guò)去分修飾的詞；過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，其邏輯詞作定語(yǔ)，其邏輯賓語(yǔ)是它所修飾的賓語(yǔ)是它所修飾的詞詞狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 學(xué)生們談笑著走出了教室。學(xué)生們談笑著走出了教室。Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 從小山上看，從小山上看，我們的學(xué)校顯得更美麗了。我們的學(xué)校顯得更美麗了。分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)句子的主語(yǔ)功能功能例句

19、例句說(shuō)明說(shuō)明表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)The news is exciting. 這個(gè)消息這個(gè)消息令人興奮。令人興奮。Im interested in the book. 我對(duì)這本書感興趣。我對(duì)這本書感興趣?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征；過(guò)去分性質(zhì)、特征；過(guò)去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)詞表示某種狀態(tài)補(bǔ)補(bǔ)足足語(yǔ)語(yǔ)Dont keep me waiting for a long time. 別讓我等很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。別讓我等很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。I had my hair cut last night. 昨天晚上我理發(fā)了。昨天晚上我理發(fā)了。現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ), 被修飾的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)被修飾的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)（即

20、是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)（即主動(dòng)關(guān)系）；過(guò)去分主動(dòng)關(guān)系）；過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，被修飾詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，被修飾的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯賓語(yǔ)（即被動(dòng)關(guān)邏輯賓語(yǔ)（即被動(dòng)關(guān)系系)2.2.現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別?，F(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。我們常見的動(dòng)詞如：我們常見的動(dòng)詞如：seesee，watchwatch，noticenotice，hearhear，feelfeel，havehave等，它們接不帶等，它們接不帶toto的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，表示已經(jīng)完成了的的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，表示已經(jīng)完成了的或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作；接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行著?；蚪?jīng)常性的動(dòng)作；接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示動(dòng)

21、作正在進(jìn)行著。I heard him singing in the classroom.I heard him singing in the classroom.我聽到他正在教室里唱歌。我聽到他正在教室里唱歌。(“(“唱唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行) )I heard him sing in the classroom.I heard him sing in the classroom.我聽到他在教室里唱歌了。我聽到他在教室里唱歌了。(“(“唱唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已結(jié)束這個(gè)動(dòng)作已結(jié)束) )3.3.現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別?，F(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別。在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞表示被

22、動(dòng)意在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義。義。the surprising newsthe surprising news令人驚訝的消息令人驚訝的消息a surprised man a surprised man 一個(gè)受驚嚇的人一個(gè)受驚嚇的人在時(shí)間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去分詞表示在時(shí)間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。the developing country the developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家發(fā)展中國(guó)家the developed countrythe developed country發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)

23、家4.4.易混句式易混句式have sb.dohave sb.do sth.have sth.have sb.doing sb.doing sth sth. .和和have have sth.donesth.done的區(qū)別。的區(qū)別。have sb.dohave sb.do sth sth. .意為意為“讓某人做某事讓某人做某事”，havehave可以用可以用letlet，makemake代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具體動(dòng)作，且強(qiáng)調(diào)代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具體動(dòng)作，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或尚未發(fā)生。動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或尚未發(fā)生。The soldiers had the boy stand with h

24、is back to The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.his father.士兵們讓這個(gè)男孩背對(duì)他的父親站著。士兵們讓這個(gè)男孩背對(duì)他的父親站著。have sb.doinghave sb.doing sth sth. .意為意為“讓某人做某事讓某人做某事”，havehave可可以用以用keepkeep代替，現(xiàn)在分詞代替，現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)(doing)這個(gè)動(dòng)作往往具有持續(xù)進(jìn)行這個(gè)動(dòng)作往往具有持續(xù)進(jìn)行的含義。的含義。The two men had the boy running all night long.

25、The two men had the boy running all night long.那兩個(gè)人讓這個(gè)男孩跑了一夜。那兩個(gè)人讓這個(gè)男孩跑了一夜。have sth.donehave sth.done意為意為“讓某人做某事讓某人做某事”，即，即ask ask sb.elsesb.else to do sth to do sth. .。過(guò)去分詞。過(guò)去分詞(done)(done)這個(gè)動(dòng)作由他人這個(gè)動(dòng)作由他人( (即非即非主語(yǔ)本身主語(yǔ)本身) )來(lái)完成，含有被動(dòng)意義且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。來(lái)完成，含有被動(dòng)意義且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。The driver had his car washed once a w

26、eek.The driver had his car washed once a week.那位司機(jī)每周叫人洗一次車。那位司機(jī)每周叫人洗一次車。一一. 單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇1. (2012安順中考安順中考)Do you know whether the man _ by the door is Mr. Smith? Sure. Weve known each other for a long time. A. stand B. standing C. stood D. stands【解析【解析】選選B。standing by the door是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正

27、在進(jìn)行，與被修飾的語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，與被修飾的man之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選選B。2. （2012隨州中考）隨州中考）Its dangerous _ with the wild animal. A. for us to play B. of us playingC. for us playing D. of us to play【解析【解析】選選A。Its+adj. +for sb. to do sth. 意為意為“做某事對(duì)某做某事對(duì)某人人”，其中，其中it為形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式為形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式to play with the wild animal是真正的主語(yǔ)，故選

28、是真正的主語(yǔ)，故選A。3. (2012自貢中考自貢中考)When are you going to have your hair _? This afternoon. A. cut B. to cut C. cutting【解析【解析】選選A。have sth. done“讓讓被做被做”。過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與所修飾的賓語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與所修飾的賓語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選A。4. （2011山西中考）山西中考）Drivers shouldnt be allowed _ after drinking, or they will break the law. A.

29、 drive B. driving C. to drive 【解析【解析】選選C。allow sb. to do sth. “允許某人做某事允許某人做某事”，其被，其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為sb. be allowed to do sth. “某人被允許做某事某人被允許做某事”。故選。故選C。5. （2011重慶中考）重慶中考）We dont know _ it next. Lets go and ask Mr. Li. A. what to do B. to do whatC. whether to do D. to do whether【解析【解析】選選C。“特殊疑問(wèn)詞特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ to do”

30、在此作在此作know的賓語(yǔ)，再的賓語(yǔ)，再由由it可知，句中已有動(dòng)詞可知，句中已有動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)，故選的賓語(yǔ)，故選C。6. （2011綿陽(yáng)中考）綿陽(yáng)中考）Our English teacher encourages us _ part in all kinds of after-class activities. A. to take B. takeC. taking D. to taking【解析【解析】選選A。encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事。鼓勵(lì)某人做某事。7. （2011江西中考）江西中考）How kind you are! You always do w

31、hat you can _ me. A. help B. helpingC. to help D. helps【解析【解析】選選C。動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to help作目的狀語(yǔ)。作目的狀語(yǔ)。8. (2011濟(jì)南中考）濟(jì)南中考）The woman loves animals and she tries _ these homeless animals. A. to hurt B. to eatC. to help D. to kill【解析【解析】選選C。try to do sth. “努力做某事努力做某事”。句意：這位女士。句意：這位女士喜歡動(dòng)物，她努力地去幫助這些失去家園的動(dòng)物。故

32、選喜歡動(dòng)物，她努力地去幫助這些失去家園的動(dòng)物。故選C。9. （2011眉山中考）眉山中考）Its a little cold today. Would you mind _ the window? Of course not. A. not opening B. not to openC. dont open D. no opening【解析【解析】選選A。Would you mind doing sth. ? “你介意做某事你介意做某事嗎？嗎？”, 其否定形式為其否定形式為Would you mind not doing sth. ? 10. （2011昆明中考）昆明中考）The repor

33、ter didnt go to bed until he finished _ the article. A. writing B. write C. to write D. wrote【解析【解析】選選A。 finish doing sth. 完成某事。故選完成某事。故選A。一、單項(xiàng)選擇一、單項(xiàng)選擇1 1(2011(2011揚(yáng)州揚(yáng)州)We can make a fire )We can make a fire _the room warm so that we can chat for _the room warm so that we can chat for a while.a whil

34、e. A Ato keep Bto keep Bkeeping Ckeeping Ckeep Dkeep Dkeptkept【解析【解析】由句意】由句意“我們可以生火讓房間暖和起來(lái)，我們可以生火讓房間暖和起來(lái)，以便我們能閑聊一會(huì)兒以便我們能閑聊一會(huì)兒”知此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞不定式作目知此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故選的狀語(yǔ)，故選A A?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緼 A2(2011廣東廣東)Try to sing more English songs，and you will find it interesting _a foreign language. Alearning Blearns Clearn Dto

35、 learn【解析【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式的用法?！勘绢}考查動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。find itadj.to do sth.“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣”是一種固定句式，故選是一種固定句式，故選D。【答案【答案】D3(2011蘭州蘭州)We cant work out the physics problem.Can you tell us _？Ahow to do Bwhat to do itChow to do it Dwhat should to do【解析【解析】本題考查】本題考查“疑問(wèn)詞不定式疑問(wèn)詞不定式”的用法。句意為的用法。句意為“我我們做不出這道物理題，你能告訴我們?cè)鯓幼鰡幔?/p>

36、們做不出這道物理題，你能告訴我們?cè)鯓幼鰡?？”how to do sth.“怎樣做某事怎樣做某事”，do后的賓語(yǔ)不能省略。故選后的賓語(yǔ)不能省略。故選C。【答案【答案】C4(2011廣州廣州)May I have a rest? I have already finished _the report.Awrite BwritingCto write Dwritten【解析【解析】finish后若跟動(dòng)詞，要用后若跟動(dòng)詞，要用v.-ing形式，故選形式，故選B?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緽5(2011廣州廣州)I feel a bit hungry now.Why not _for dinner with us?

37、Ago Bdid you goCto go Ddo you go 【解析【解析】本題考查】本題考查why not的用法。的用法。why not與與why dont you同義，其后要接動(dòng)詞原形，故選同義，其后要接動(dòng)詞原形，故選A?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緼6(2011鹽城鹽城)Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time _what you like every day.Ado Bto doCdoing Ddone【解析【解析】have time to do sth.“有時(shí)間做某事有時(shí)間做某事”是固定短語(yǔ)，是固定短語(yǔ)，故選故選B?！敬?/p>

38、案【答案】B7(2011懷化懷化)Dont forget _your homework，John.OK.Ill do right now. Adoing Bdo Cto do【解析【解析】forget to do sth.“忘記要做某事忘記要做某事(還沒(méi)做還沒(méi)做)”；forget doing sth.“忘記做過(guò)某事忘記做過(guò)某事(已經(jīng)做了已經(jīng)做了)”。由句意。由句意“約翰，別忘了約翰，別忘了做作業(yè)。做作業(yè)?！敝x知選C?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緾8(2011呼和浩特呼和浩特)At last the boy was made _and began to laugh.Astop crying Bto stop

39、 to cryCto stop crying Dstop to cry【解析【解析】make sb.do sth.“讓某人做某事讓某人做某事”，后跟省略，后跟省略to的的不定式，但使役動(dòng)詞不定式，但使役動(dòng)詞make變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)式時(shí)，后面省略的變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)式時(shí)，后面省略的to要補(bǔ)要補(bǔ)充出來(lái)。充出來(lái)。stop doing sth.“停止做某事停止做某事”；stop to do sth.“停下來(lái)停下來(lái)去做某事去做某事”。由題意知選。由題意知選C?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緾9(2011臨沂臨沂)If prices rise too high, the government has to do something _it

40、. Astop Bstopped Cstopping Dto stop【解析【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。由句意】本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。由句意“如果價(jià)格如果價(jià)格漲得過(guò)高，政府必須做一些事情來(lái)阻止它。漲得過(guò)高，政府必須做一些事情來(lái)阻止它。”可知用動(dòng)詞不定可知用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。式作目的狀語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緿10(2011濰坊濰坊)The new treatments _by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.Ainvent BinventsCinventing Dinvented【解析【解析】句意為】句意為“由諾曼由諾曼白求恩發(fā)明的

41、新的治療方法幫助白求恩發(fā)明的新的治療方法幫助了許多士兵了許多士兵”。由句意可知用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)。由句意可知用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)invented by Norman Bethune作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞treatments。故選。故選D?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緿11(2011蕪湖蕪湖)I often have hamburgers for lunch.Youd better not.Its bad for you _too much junk food. Aeat Bto eat Ceating Date【解析【解析】“Itsadj.for sb.to do sth.”是固定句型，意是固定句型，意

42、為為“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是的的”。句中。句中it作形式主語(yǔ)，后面的作形式主語(yǔ)，后面的不定式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)。不定式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緽12(2011河北河北)Whenever you have a chance _English，you should take it. Aspeak Bto speak Cspoke Dspeaks【解析【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。由句意】本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。由句意“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候你無(wú)論什么時(shí)候你有一個(gè)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)，你應(yīng)該抓住它。有一個(gè)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)，你應(yīng)該抓住它。”可知用不定式短語(yǔ)作可知用不定式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。后置定語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮?/p>

43、B13(2011銅仁銅仁)Its a fine day today.How about _？Sounds great!Ago hiking Bgo to hikeCgoing hiking Dto go to hike【解析【解析】How about.？意為？意為“怎么樣？怎么樣？”about是介詞，是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞形式，故排除后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞形式，故排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。三項(xiàng)。go hiking“去徒步旅行去徒步旅行”?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緾15(2011煙臺(tái)煙臺(tái))When I was walking past the window, I noticed Wang Fei _my hom

44、ework.I really got _.Acopying；annoyed Bcopying；annoyingCcopy；annoyed Dcopied；annoyed【解析【解析】notice后接不帶后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞的的動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，形式，其意思分別為：注意到某人做了某事其意思分別為：注意到某人做了某事(看到該動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程看到該動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程)；注意到某人正在做某事。由題干語(yǔ)境可知第一空應(yīng)填注意到某人正在做某事。由題干語(yǔ)境可知第一空應(yīng)填copying。annoying“使生氣的；使惱怒的使生氣的；使惱怒的”，主語(yǔ)多為事物：，主語(yǔ)多為事物：annoyed“生生氣的

45、；煩惱的氣的；煩惱的”，主語(yǔ)多為人。由主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)多為人。由主語(yǔ)I知第二空填知第二空填annoyed?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緼16(2011上海上海)As we all know，its not polite to keep others _for a long time. Await Bwaited Cto wait Dwaiting【解析【解析】keep sb.doing sth.“使某人一直做某事使某人一直做某事”，動(dòng)名詞，動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)。句意是作賓補(bǔ)。句意是“我們都知道，讓別人一直等很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間是不禮我們都知道，讓別人一直等很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間是不禮貌的。貌的。”故選故選D。【答案【答案】D17(2011上海上海

46、)You had better _because you have to drive back home.Anot drinking Bnot drinkCdont drink Dnot to drink【解析【解析】had better do sth.“最好做某事最好做某事”，用于給對(duì)方，用于給對(duì)方提建議，提建議，do為不帶為不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)；的不定式作賓補(bǔ)；had better的否定形式的否定形式一般將一般將not加在加在better之后，即之后，即had better not do sth.?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緽18(2011成都成都)While we were running on

47、the playground, Jack suddenly stopped _and lay on the ground，so we all stopped _what was wrong with him.Ato run；to see Brunning；seeingCrunning；to see【解析【解析】stop doing sth.意為意為“停止做某事停止做某事”；stop to do sth.意為意為“停下停下來(lái)去做某事來(lái)去做某事”。句意為。句意為“我們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上跑步時(shí)，杰克突然停下躺在地上，因我們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上跑步時(shí)，杰克突然停下躺在地上，因此我們都停下來(lái)看他怎么了。此我們都停下來(lái)看他怎么

48、了?！惫蔬x故選C?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緾19(2011黃岡黃岡)_a volunteer is great.I think so.Some of us want _volunteers for the London Olympics.ABeing；being BTo be；beingCBeing；to be DTo be；to be【解析【解析】第一個(gè)空為動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)；第二個(gè)空】第一個(gè)空為動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)；第二個(gè)空want to do/be為固定結(jié)為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式作賓語(yǔ)。句意為構(gòu)，不定式作賓語(yǔ)。句意為“做志愿者很棒。做志愿者很棒?！薄拔乙策@樣認(rèn)為，我們中的我也這樣認(rèn)為，我們中的一些人想做倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)的志

49、愿者。一些人想做倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)的志愿者?！薄敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緾2020(2011(2011貴陽(yáng)貴陽(yáng))Many students said that they were )Many students said that they were willing to work hard to make their dreams willing to work hard to make their dreams _true._true. A Acome come B Bcame came C Ccomescomes【解析【解析】make sb.domake sb.do sth sth. .意為意為“使某人做某事

50、使某人做某事”。句意。句意為為“許多學(xué)生說(shuō)他們?cè)敢馀ぷ?，使他們的?mèng)想能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。許多學(xué)生說(shuō)他們?cè)敢馀ぷ?，使他們的?mèng)想能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)?！薄敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緼 A2121(2010(2010中考變式題中考變式題)Danny did all kinds of things )Danny did all kinds of things to make his sister _.to make his sister _. A Ato stop crying Bto stop crying Bstop cryingstop crying C Cto stop to cry Dto stop to cry Ds

51、top to crystop to cry【解析【解析】makemake后面跟不帶后面跟不帶to to 的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。stop doing sthstop doing sth.“.“停止做某事停止做某事”；stop to do sthstop to do sth.“.“停下停下來(lái)去做某事來(lái)去做某事”，由句意知選，由句意知選B B。【答案【答案】B B2222(2010(2010中考變式題中考變式題)We have two rooms _)We have two rooms _， but I cant decide _.but I cant decide _

52、. A Ato live; to choose which oneto live; to choose which one B Blived; choose which onelived; choose which one C Cto live in; which one to chooseto live in; which one to choose D Dlive; which onelive; which one【解析【解析】根據(jù)句意】根據(jù)句意“我們有兩間屋子去居住，但是我不知我們有兩間屋子去居住，但是我不知道選擇哪一間。道選擇哪一間。”第一個(gè)句子中第一個(gè)句子中l(wèi)ive inlive i

53、n的的inin不能省略。不能省略?！斑x選擇哪一間擇哪一間”用用“which one to choose”which one to choose”。故選。故選C C?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緾 C2323(2010(2010中考變式題中考變式題)We dont have much homework )We dont have much homework this weekend.Shallthis weekend.Shall we go out together? we go out together? OK.What OK.What about _ a movie? about _ a movie? A

54、 Ato seeto see B Bseeingseeing C Cseesee D Dseessees【解析【解析】what aboutwhat about后跟動(dòng)詞的后跟動(dòng)詞的inging形式，因此答案為形式，因此答案為B B?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緽 B2424(2010(2010中考變式題中考變式題)Why not _ an )Why not _ an English club to practice _ English?English club to practice _ English? A Ato join; to speak Bto join; to speak Bjoin; speak

55、ingjoin; speaking C Cjoin; to speak Djoin; to speak Dto join; speakingto join; speaking【解析【解析】why not why not 動(dòng)詞原形；動(dòng)詞原形；practicepractice后跟動(dòng)名詞，后跟動(dòng)名詞，故答案應(yīng)選故答案應(yīng)選B B?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緽 B2525(2010(2010中考變式題中考變式題)How about going shopping )How about going shopping this weekend, Peter?this weekend, Peter? Sorry.I Sor

56、ry.I prefer _ rather than _. prefer _ rather than _. A Ato stay at home; go outto stay at home; go out B Bto go out; stay at hometo go out; stay at home C Cstaying at home; go outstaying at home; go out D Dgoing out; stay at homegoing out; stay at home【解析【解析】prefer to do rather than doprefer to do r

57、ather than do意為意為“寧愿寧愿而不愿而不愿”。句意為。句意為“寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去。寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去。”故選故選A A?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緼 A二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1 1(2011(2011煙臺(tái)煙臺(tái))Tim was seen_(get)Tim was seen_(get) out of the subway ) out of the subway at the station on Centre Street.at the station on Centre Street.【解析【解析】see sb.dosee sb.do st

58、h sth.“.“看見某人做某事看見某人做某事”，dodo為不帶為不帶toto的不定式的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不定式符號(hào)作賓補(bǔ)，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不定式符號(hào)toto需補(bǔ)上。需補(bǔ)上?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮縯o getto get2 2(2011(2011南京南京)Look! The teenagers are making cards )Look! The teenagers are making cards _(show)love_(show)love for their mothers. for their mothers.【解析【解析】此題考查不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)?！看祟}考查不定式短語(yǔ)作目的

59、狀語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮縯o showto show5 5(2010(2010中考變式題中考變式題)How long does it take you )How long does it take you _(drive)to_(drive)to school every day? school every day?About half an hour.About half an hour.【解析【解析】it takes sb. some time to do sthit takes sb. some time to do sth. .是固定句型，意思是是固定句型，意思是“花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間干某事花

60、費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間干某事”?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮縯o driveto drive6 6(2010(2010中考變式題中考變式題)Last weekend, the Greens had great fun )Last weekend, the Greens had great fun _(swim)at_(swim)at Water World. Water World.【解析【解析】have fun doinghave fun doing是固定詞組，意思是是固定詞組，意思是“干某事很高興干某事很高興”?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮縮wimmingswimming7(2012中考預(yù)測(cè)題中考預(yù)測(cè)題)I think it

61、 is time for the boys _(get) on the bus.【解析【解析】it is time for sb. to do sth. 是固定句型，意思是是固定句型，意思是“該某人干某該某人干某事了事了”。【答案【答案】to get8(2012中考預(yù)測(cè)題中考預(yù)測(cè)題)I am going to the party _(hold) at Smiths home this evening if I am free.【解析【解析】“將要被舉行將要被舉行”用用to be held?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮縯o be held9. （2012安順中考）安順中考）Mr. Scott made a l

62、iving by _ (sell) old things. 10. （2011遵義中考）遵義中考）Trust him! He has no difficulty _ (work) out the problem. selling working11. （2011濱州中考）濱州中考）David preferred _ (sell) newspapers to doing housework when he was young. 12. （2011蘭州中考）蘭州中考）The student _（name）Wang Lin is my example in English learning. 13. （2011梧州中考）梧州中考）Davy enjoys _ (play) tennis and baseball. selling named playing