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1、英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法系列訓(xùn)練英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法系列訓(xùn)練狀語從句導(dǎo)學(xué)狀語從句導(dǎo)學(xué)一、狀語從句概說一、狀語從句概說1、在句中作狀語用的從句叫狀語從句。、在句中作狀語用的從句叫狀語從句。2、狀語從句可修飾謂語，非謂語動詞、狀語從句可修飾謂語，非謂語動詞、定語、狀語或整個句子。定語、狀語或整個句子。 3、引導(dǎo)狀語從句的一般為連詞，也可有、引導(dǎo)狀語從句的一般為連詞，也可有詞組。詞組。 4、狀語從句可以在句首，也可在句中或、狀語從句可以在句首，也可在句中或句末。句末。 5、狀語從句按其用途可有時間、地點(diǎn)、狀語從句按其用途可有時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、比原因、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、比較等九種。較等九
2、種。6、狀語從句中的將來時，一般不用將來、狀語從句中的將來時，一般不用將來時。（一般將來時用一般現(xiàn)在時、將時。（一般將來時用一般現(xiàn)在時、將來完成時用現(xiàn)在完成時、過去將來時來完成時用現(xiàn)在完成時、過去將來時用一般過去時、過去將來完成時用過用一般過去時、過去將來完成時用過去完成時表示。去完成時表示。) 二、重二、重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 1、時間狀語從句、時間狀語從句 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的連詞有：引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的連詞有：when, before, after, as soon as, as, while, hardly hadwhen, scarcely had when, no sooner had than,
3、till / until, since, the moment, by the time 等，例如：等，例如：Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter.My sister came directly she got my message.Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. 如果把如果把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, ba
4、rely置于句首，它所連帶的這部分就置于句首，它所連帶的這部分就要倒裝，如：要倒裝，如： No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted. (She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted.)2、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞有引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞有where, wherever (no matter where) 等，例如：等，例如： Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我我住的地方樹很多。住的地方樹很多。 Wherever
5、 I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會想到你。不管我在哪里我都會想到你。Bamboo grows well where it is warm and wet.You may go wherever you like.有時，有時，- where構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞也可以引導(dǎo)地構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞也可以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，如：點(diǎn)狀語從句，如：Everywhere they went, they were kindly received / warmly welcomed.Well go anywhere the Party directs us.3、原因狀語從句、原因狀
6、語從句(1) 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞有引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞有 because, since, as , now that(2) because, since, as, for 用法比較：用法比較：一）一）. because: 語氣最強(qiáng)，回答語氣最強(qiáng)，回答why時用時用because，所表示所表示的是直接理由，因果關(guān)的是直接理由，因果關(guān)系不能同系不能同so連用。連用。 Why are you late? Because there is a traffic jam.二）二）. since: “既然既然.” 表對方已知的事實(shí)或理表對方已知的事實(shí)或理由，常放在句首。由，常放在句首。 Since y
7、ou have got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time.三）三）. as: “由于由于.” 語氣較弱，較口語化，表語氣較弱，較口語化，表明顯的原因或已知的事實(shí)，常放在句首。明顯的原因或已知的事實(shí)，常放在句首。 As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result.四）四）. for是一個等立連詞，連接的是兩個并是一個等立連詞，連接的是兩個并列的分句，其他三個引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句；列的分句，其他三個引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句；f
8、or不能放在句首。不能放在句首。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.4、條件狀語從句、條件狀語從句 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有：引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有：if, unless, (if not) , on condition that , as long as。 注意注意：有時可以把祈使句作為條件從句，：有時可以把祈使句作為條件從句，祈使句后面要搭配祈使句后面要搭配and，如：，如： Come tomorrow, and I will tell you. Persevere and you will succeed. Gi
9、ve him an inch and hell take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, hell take a mile. )但但：當(dāng)表示否定的條件時，可用連詞當(dāng)表示否定的條件時，可用連詞or 或或otherwise， 如：如：Make up your mind, or youll miss the chance.Start at once, or / otherwise youll miss the train. (= If you dont start at once, ) (= Unless you start at once, youll mi
10、ss the train.)5、目的、結(jié)果狀語從句、目的、結(jié)果狀語從句 （1）引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有）引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有so that, in order that; 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有so.that, such.that（2）.so that., in order that.引導(dǎo)目引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，從句中常有的狀語從句時，從句中常有can, could, may, might, would（3）so + 形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞/分詞分詞 + that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句狀語從句 such + (形容詞形容詞) + 名詞名詞 + that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀引
11、導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句語從句 He worked so hard that he made great progress. The book is so interesting that I have read it twice. （4）such + a/an +形容詞形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句 so +形容詞形容詞+ a/ an +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ that引引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句 注意：只有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞才有這兩種表達(dá)注意：只有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞才有這兩種表達(dá)方式。方式。 Its such a fine day that we all w
12、ant to go outing. = Its so fine a day that we all want to go outing.（5）如果修飾名詞的形容詞為）如果修飾名詞的形容詞為many, few, much, little時，前面則用時，前面則用so，例如：，例如： so many +名詞名詞+ that ； so few +名詞名詞+ that so much +名詞名詞+ that ； so little +名詞名詞+ that 比較：比較： so many / few flowers such nice flowersso much / little money such r
13、apid progressso many people such a lot of peopleThere were so many people in the bus that I could hardly move.She put so much butter and sugar in the cake that I didnt dare to eat too much. 6、讓步狀語從句、讓步狀語從句 （1）引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：）引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：though/although, even if/ even though, no matter who/ what/ when
14、 / where/ which / how ( whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however)（2）whoever, whatever, whichever還可引導(dǎo)還可引導(dǎo)名詞從句。而名詞從句。而no matter who/ what/ which 只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 He didnt want to be disturbed, no matter who wanted to see him. = He didnt want to be disturbed, whoever wanted to see
15、him. Ill give the books to whoever needs them. 由由as, that, though引導(dǎo)的特殊讓步狀語從引導(dǎo)的特殊讓步狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：句結(jié)構(gòu)：在正式文體或文學(xué)作品中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)讓步在正式文體或文學(xué)作品中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)讓步的含義，可用的含義，可用as引導(dǎo)讓步從句。但引導(dǎo)讓步從句。但as一般一般不置于句首，而將從句中的表語或狀語置不置于句首，而將從句中的表語或狀語置于句首。（于句首。（though, that與與as一樣，也可以一樣，也可以用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)），如下面幾種情況：用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)），如下面幾種情況： 表語的倒裝：表語的倒裝： Tired as he was
16、, he still went on with his work. Tall as / though he was, he couldnt reach the top shelf. 狀語的倒裝：（這時不可在狀語之前加狀語的倒裝：（這時不可在狀語之前加very, much等修飾語）等修飾語） Much as I admire him as a writer, I do not like him as a man. Much as he likes the bike, he doesnt want to buy it. 謂語動詞的倒裝：謂語動詞的倒裝： Try as he might, he di
17、dnt pass the exam. Hate him as we may, we must admit his greatness.7、方式狀語從句、方式狀語從句1、方式狀語從句通常由、方式狀語從句通常由 as, as if, as though 來引導(dǎo)，如：來引導(dǎo)，如： You must do the exercises as I show you. Please do exactly as your doctor says. He acted as / though nothing had happened. He walked as if he was / were drunk. Ma
18、ry was behaving as though she hadnt grown up.2、在非正式文體或口語中，也可用、在非正式文體或口語中，也可用 the way (that) (= as = in the way in which), how, like等來引導(dǎo)，如：等來引導(dǎo)，如： Jean doesnt do it the way I do. She is doing her work the way I like it done. You can do the job how you like.The landlord was watching him like (= just a
19、s) a cat watches a mouse.Do you make bread like you make cakes? 8、比較狀語從句、比較狀語從句1）比較狀語從句主要用在形容詞、副詞）比較狀語從句主要用在形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級、最高級的句子中。的原級、比較級、最高級的句子中。 原級：原級： as as not so / as as 比較級比較級: 比較級比較級+ than 最高級：最高級： 最高級最高級+in / of / among 2） no more than 和和 not more than no more than - only 只不過，僅僅只不過，僅僅(嫌嫌少的含義
20、少的含義) not more than -less than 不多于，不不多于，不到（說明客觀事實(shí)）到（說明客觀事實(shí)） His education added up to no more than one year. (only one year,太短了，有感情色彩太短了，有感情色彩) They finished the project in not more than one year. (less than one year, 不到一年，只說明不到一年，只說明客觀事實(shí)，沒有感情色彩客觀事實(shí)，沒有感情色彩)3）兩者中）兩者中 “較較.的一個用的一個用the + 比較級比較級 The youn
21、ger of the twin sisters is more consideration三、難點(diǎn)與易錯點(diǎn)三、難點(diǎn)與易錯點(diǎn) 1、as, when, while 的用法與區(qū)別：的用法與區(qū)別： when: 引導(dǎo)狀語從句，表示主句、從句的動作引導(dǎo)狀語從句，表示主句、從句的動作或狀態(tài)同時、之前、之后發(fā)生。或狀態(tài)同時、之前、之后發(fā)生。 When they arrived, it was already midnight 從句和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，可用從句和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，可用as，但，但不可用不可用while，因?yàn)?，因?yàn)閍rrived是非延續(xù)的動詞是非延續(xù)的動詞 When the clock str
22、uck eleven, all the lights went out. 從句的動作在主句之前發(fā)生。只能用從句的動作在主句之前發(fā)生。只能用when。 When he ran to the stop, the bus had gone. 從句動作在主句動作之后發(fā)生，只可用從句動作在主句動作之后發(fā)生，只可用when。、when = and then,作并列連詞，連接作并列連詞，連接兩個分句兩個分句,when前通常有逗號。意為前通常有逗號。意為“這時這時. 就在這時就在這時.“ I was wandering in the street, when suddenly I caught sight o
23、f one of my old friends. while 、while意思是意思是during the whole of the time that,指在一段時間里，所引導(dǎo)的指在一段時間里，所引導(dǎo)的從句中的動詞是延續(xù)性的，可譯為從句中的動詞是延續(xù)性的，可譯為“在在.期間，期間， 在在.之時之時” She visited a lot of places while she stayed in U.S. He felt asleep while he was watching TV.、while可用作并列連詞，連接兩個分句，可用作并列連詞，連接兩個分句，表表“對比，不同對比，不同”。中文常備翻
24、譯為。中文常備翻譯為“而而.” My son likes to watch boxing games while I would rather listen to music.as多用于動作發(fā)生時間較短時，常有多用于動作發(fā)生時間較短時，常有“正正當(dāng)當(dāng).之時之時”之意之意 She fell of the bus as she got down. 表表“邊邊邊邊”或或“隨著隨著.”之意時常之意時常用用as He whistled as he rode on. As time went on, he became less active. as表表 “由于由于.” 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句
25、Im not going out as I have a lot to do. as用于表用于表“雖然雖然”的倒裝句中。的倒裝句中。 Young as she is, she is already a professor. Child as he is, he knows a lot.2、since的用法：的用法：since表從過去某一時間或動作、事情起表從過去某一時間或動作、事情起到目前為止，到目前為止，“自自.以以 來來”、引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時、引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時（或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時）時，從句中用一（或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時）時，從句中用一般過去時。般過去時。 Ive be
26、en living here since I came to Beijing. .、常用句型：、常用句型： it is (has been).+ since +一般過去時一般過去時 It is five years since I began to learn English.3、until與與till的用法與區(qū)別：的用法與區(qū)別：、until/ till 修飾的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動修飾的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞。在句首時多用詞。在句首時多用until. Lets wait till / until the rain stops Until then, I knew nothing at all ab
27、out it.、主句謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞時，應(yīng)、主句謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞時，應(yīng)用用 not.until.句型句型 She didnt come back until this morning. not.until的倒裝句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句。的倒裝句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 He didnt stop until he had finished all his work 倒裝句倒裝句: Not until he had finished all his work did he stop. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句: It was not until he had finished all his work that he stopped.
天津市武清區(qū)楊村中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 狀語從句課件3
