2018屆高考英語二輪復習 闖關導練 第二部分 閱讀理解技巧與體裁演練 課時14 閱讀理解體裁解讀（五）

《2018屆高考英語二輪復習 闖關導練 第二部分 閱讀理解技巧與體裁演練 課時14 閱讀理解體裁解讀（五）》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《2018屆高考英語二輪復習 闖關導練 第二部分 閱讀理解技巧與體裁演練 課時14 閱讀理解體裁解讀（五）（13頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 課時14　閱讀理解體裁解讀(5) —應用文【體裁解讀】 應用文指在日常工作和生活中使用的文體，一般可分為兩大類：一類是敘述性應用文，例如書信、日記、便條、報告、請?zhí)?；另一類是說明性應用文，包括廣告、啟事、海報、守則、公告、公約、個人簡歷、備忘錄、摘要等。近年普通高考英語試題主要涉及宣傳廣告、公告類應用文，當然偶爾也出現(xiàn)了書信類文章；其文章呈現(xiàn)形式多樣，除了文字外還有圖表、圖片、表格、地址、網(wǎng)址等。 高考英語閱讀理解應用文的命題特點： 1．應用文類型文章，語言簡練，一般來說和所述問題無關的文字不會出現(xiàn)，例如很多文章沒有標題，許多文章甚至通篇都沒有一句完整的句子，而是用詞、數(shù)字、縮寫

2、、短語等來替代。 2．就其用詞來看，文章中充斥著大量冗長而生僻的專有名詞，例如人名、地名、機構名、組織名、書籍名、作品名等等，而且均沒有漢語注釋。 3．應用文的行文方式，每種文體都有其固定的格式。敘述性應用文采用一般記敘文的寫作方法，無特別之處：說明性應用文的行文是排列式——即以小標題為單位逐一下行排列。 4．高考英語應用文的設問一般按照文章段落的順序依次設置。設問內(nèi)容一般以細節(jié)題為主，也兼有詢問短文出處和寫作意圖的題目。例如：Where can you most probably find this article/passage? What is the purpose of thi

3、s passage? 體裁演練(2017·全國新課標Ⅰ) Pacific Science Center Guide ◆Visit Pacific Science Center's Store Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.The store is located (位于) upstairs in Building 3 ri

4、ght next to the Laser Dome. ◆Hungry? Our exhibits will feed your mind，but what about your body？Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options，in addition to seasonal specials.The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center clos

5、es. ◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3.Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance.ID required. ◆Support Pacific S

6、cience Center Since 1962，Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion (熱情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science，math and technology.Today，Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events

7、all over Washington State.It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations.Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center. 1．Where can you buy a souvenir at Paci

8、fic Science Center? A．In Building 1. B．In Building 3. C．At the Laser Dome. D．At the Denny Way entrance. 2．What does Pacific Science Center do for schools? A．Train science teachers. B．Distribute science books. C．Inspire scientific research. D．Take science to the classroom. 3．What is the pur

9、pose of the last part of the text? A．To encourage donations. B．To advertise coming events. C．To introduce special exhibits. D．To tell about the Center's history. 【能力提升】 A In the coming months，we are bringing together artists from all over the globe，to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's plays in th

10、eir own language，in our Globe，within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for.Please come and join us. National Theatre of China　Beijing|Chinese This great occasion (盛會) will be the National Theatre of China's first visit to the UK.The company's productions show the new face of 21st century Chines

11、e theatre.This production of Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying. Date & Time：Saturday 28 April,2.30pm & Sunday 29 April，1.30pm & 6.30pm Marjanishvili Theatre　Tbilisi|Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia，the Marjanishvili，fo

12、unded in 1928，appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world.This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指導)by the company's Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze. Date & Time：Friday 18 May,2.30pm & Saturday 19 May,7.30pm Deafinitely Theatre　London|British Sign Language (BSL) By trans

13、lating the rich and humorous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL，Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience. Date & Time：Tuesday 22 May,2.

14、30pm & Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm Habima National Theatre　Tel Aviv|Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre world-wide.Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.Since 1958，they have been recognised as the national theatr

15、e of Israel.This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK. Date & Time：Monday 28 May,7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1．Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China? A．Richard Ⅲ. B．Love's Labour's Lost. C．As You Li

16、ke It. D．The Merchant of Venice. 2．What is special about Deafinitely Theatre? A．It has two groups of actors. B．It is the leading theatre in London. C．It performs plays in BSL. D．It is good at producing comedies. 3．When can you see a play in Hebrew? A．On Saturday 28 April.　 B．On Sunday 29 Ap

17、ril. C．On Tuesday 22 May. D．On Tuesday 29 May. B San Francisco Fire Engine Tours San Francisco Winery Tour Running：February 1st through April 30th This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF.Here you can enjoy 4 pours of s

18、ome of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price) Departing from the Cannery：Tour times upon request Duration(時長)：2 hours Price：$90 Back to the Fifties Tour Running：August 16th through August 31st This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco's most fan

19、tastic periods，the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream. Departing from the Cannery：5：00 pm and 7：30 pm Duration：2 hours Price：$90 Spooky Halloween Tour Running：October 10th through October 31st Join us for a ride through the historical

20、Presidio district.Authentic fire gear (服裝)is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco. Departing from the Cannery：6：30 pm and 8：30 pm Duration：1 hour and 30 minutes Price：Available upon request Holiday Lights Tour Running：Decem

21、ber 6th through December 23rd This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes.Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit. Departing from the Cannery：7：00 pm and 9：00 pm Duration：1 hour and 30 minutes Advance reservati

22、ons required. 4．Which of the tours is available in March? A．San Francisco Winery Tour. B．Back to the Fifties Tour. C．Spooky Halloween Tour. D．Holiday Lights Tour. 5．What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour? A．Go to Treasure Island. B．Enjoy the holiday scenes. C．Have free ice cream.

23、 D．Visit the Presidio district. 6．What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour? A．Take some drinks. B．Set off early in the morning. C．Wear warm clothes. D．Make reservations in advance. C Terrafugia Inc.said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight，bringin

24、g the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.The vehicle—named the Transition—has two seats，four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car.The Transition，which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month，can reach around 70 miles per hour on

25、the road and 115 in the air.It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air.On the ground，it gets 35 miles per gallon. Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale，and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugi

26、a introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show.But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways.It's expected to cost $279,000.And it won't help if you're stuck in traffic.The car needs a runway. Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s

27、，according to Robert Mann，an airline industry expert.But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality.The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.The Transition is now going through crash

28、tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration's decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft，which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.Terrafugia says an owner would

29、 need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition，a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet. 7．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The basic data of the Transition. B．The advantages of flying cars. C．The potential market for flying c

30、ars. D．The designers of the Transition. 8．Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways? A．It causes traffic jams. B．It is difficult to operate. C．It is very expensive. D．It burns too much fuel. 9．What is the government's attitude to the development of the flying car? A．Cau

31、tious. B．Favorable. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving. 10．What is the best title for the text? A．Flying Car at Auto Show B．The Transition's First Flight C．Pilots' Dream Coming True D．Flying Car Closer to Reality D A Guide to the University Food The TWU Cafeteria is open 7am to 8pm.It serves sn

32、acks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals.You can pay with cash or your ID cards.You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk.Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study. If you are on campus in the evening or

33、late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Café located in the bottom level of the Gouglas Centre.This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching. Relaxation The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxi

34、ng, studying, cooking, and eating.Monthly activities are held here for all international students.Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays. Health Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health.A doctor and nurse is available

35、if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice.The cost of this is included in your medical insurance.Hours are Monday to Friday, 9am to noon and 1：00 to 4：30pm. Academic Support All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.Here,

36、 qualified volunteers will work with you on written work, grammar, vocabulary, and other academic skills.You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door two 30-minute appointments per week maximum.This service is free. Transportation The TWU Express is a shuttle(班車) servic

37、e.The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping center, leaving from the Mattson Centre.Operation hours are between 8am and 3pm.Saturdays only.Round trip fare is $1. 11．What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria? A．Do homework and watch TV B．Buy drinks and enjoy concerts C．have meals

38、 and meet with friends D．Add money to your ID and play chess 12．Where and when can you cook your own food? A．The McMillan Hall, Sunday. B．The Lower Café， Sunday. C．The TWU Cafeteria, Friday. D．The Globe, Friday. 13．The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre ________. A．is open six days a we

39、ek B．gives advice on mental health C．trains students in medical care D．offers services free of charge 14．How can you seek help from the Writing Center? A．By filling in a sign-up form B．By applying online C．By calling the center D．By going to the center directly E Taking a trip to Philadelp

40、hia can be rewarding experience or absolute disasters－it all depends on pre-trip homework. To make planning easier, Huffington Post Travel Series recommends attractions for those planning Philadelphia family vacations. The Philadelphia Museum of Art Located on 26th Street and Benjamin Franklin Par

41、kway, the Philadelphia Museum of Art features more than 225, 000 pieces in its vast collection, dating back to the first century A．D. Guests can discover modern art exhibits, clothing collections gathered throughout time and classic posters. Audio tours are also available. Price: adults, $ 16; chil

42、dren 12 to 17, $ 12; children 11 and under, free. The Please Touch Museum The Please Touch Museum on 4231 Avenue of the Republic offers kids the chance to explore, discover and learn in a fun environment. The museum features six interactive zones where kids and parents are encouraged to play and l

43、earn about science, the environment and more. Exhibits include Flight Fantasy, where kids learn about flying machines, and River Adventures, which teaches kids about science, nature and weather. Price: adults, $15; children under the age of 1, free The Philadelphia Zoo The Philadelphia Zoo sits o

44、n a 42-acre Victorian garden. The zoo features 1,300 animals, including a number of rare and endangered species. While visiting the zoo families can see big cats, zebras, giraffes, endangered turtle species and penguins. The zoo also includes rides for kids, such as a Rainforest Carousel and Camel S

45、afari. Price: Adults, $18; children 2 to 12, $15; children younger than 2, free. The Franklin Institute The Franklin Institute is Philadelphia's major science museum, and one of the oldest in the United States. The museum offers guests the chance to experience flight simulator(模擬器)and sky bikes.

46、The first floor offers a large Kid Science exhibit, where children discover science through a fictional journey. The second floor features air shows. Price: Adults, $12; children 4 to 11, $12. 15．One of the features of the Philadelphia Museum of Art is that ________. A．visitors have access to Riv

47、er Adventures B．visitors can learn about exhibits using pre-recorded voice introductions C．it has the cheapest admission fees for adults D．it offers kids tour rides to see more endangered animals 16．The Please Touch Museum differs from the others mainly because ________. A．it boasts a number of

48、 rare and endangered species B．it has a large collection of clothing C．it combines learning with pleasure D．it includes a large kid science exhibit 17．Teenagers interested in aircraft will most likely to visit both ________. A．the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Please Touch Museum B．the Pl

49、ease Touch Museum and the Franklin Institute C．the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Franklin Institute D．the Philadelphia Zoo and the Please Touch Museum 18．Which group does the Travel Series mainly target? A. Families with kids B. Newly-married couples C. Individual visitors D. Museum love

50、rs 課時14　閱讀理解體裁解讀(5)—應用文 【體裁演練】 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文——太平洋科學中心旅行指南。 1．B　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的buy a souvenir可定位到文章第一部分。在太平洋科學中心商店(Pacific Science Center's Store)可以買紀念品，再根據(jù)該部分最后一句“The store is located (位于) upstairs in Building 3...”可知，該商店在三號樓，故選B項。A、C、D三項張冠李戴。位于一號樓的咖啡館和問詢處等均不出售紀念品，排除A項；文章第一部分提到商店緊挨著Laser Dome，而不是

51、說在Laser Dome可以買紀念品，排除C項；根據(jù)文章第三部分中的“Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance.”可知，在Denny Way的入口處可以租借嬰兒車和輪椅，而不能買紀念品，排除D項。] 2．D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四部分中的“Today，Pacific Science Center...brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms...”可知，太平洋科學中心把基于探究

52、的科學教育帶入課堂，故選D項。A、B兩項無中生有，文章沒有提到“培訓科學教師”和“分發(fā)科學書籍”。C項曲解文意，根據(jù)文章第四部分中的“...inspiring a passion (熱情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science，math and technology.”可知，太平洋科學中心激勵著人們在科學、數(shù)學和技術方面有所發(fā)現(xiàn)以及終身學習，而不是激勵著人們進行科學研究。] 3．A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四部分中的“Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can

53、support Pacific Science Center.”可知，該部分的寫作目的是鼓勵人們以各種方式支持太平洋科學中心，也就是鼓勵人們捐款，故選A項。B、C兩項無中生有，該部分沒有提到“宣傳即將舉行的活動”和“介紹特殊的展覽”。D項曲解文意，該部分提到了自1962年以來太平洋科學中心做的事情，但這不是為了講述該中心的歷史，而是為下文鼓勵人們捐款作鋪墊。] 【能力提升】 A 【語篇解讀】本文是四則廣告，屬于應用文。文章主要介紹了四家劇院有關莎士比亞戲劇的演出信息。 1．A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)National Theatre of China　Beijing|Chinese下面的第

54、三句“This production of Shakespeare's RichardⅢ will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiao-ying.”可知，將要在中國國家大劇院上演的是Richard Ⅲ，故選A項。B、C、D三項張冠李戴，它們分別是Deafinitely Theatre，Marjanishvili Theatre和Habima National Theatre要演出的戲劇。] 2．C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Deafinitely Theatre　London|British Sign Language

55、 (BSL)下面的第一句“By translating the rich and humorous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL...”可知，在Deafinitely Theatre中，戲劇是用BSL(英國手語)來演出的。故選C項。A項偷換概念，文中指出Deafinitely Theatre的觀眾包括失聰?shù)娜撕驼Ｈ藘煞N群體，而不是它的演員；B項無中生有，文章沒有說Deafinitely Theatre是倫敦最好的劇院；D項曲解文意，文中雖然提到了comedy，但提到的是這家劇院對莎士比亞的喜劇新的

56、詮釋，不是這家劇院擅長制作喜劇。] 3．D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的in Hebrew可以定位至Habima National Theatre 處，根據(jù)最后一部分內(nèi)容“Date &Time：Monday 28 May,7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May，7.30pm”可知，在5月29日是可以看戲劇的，故選D項。A、B、C三項張冠李戴，A、B兩項是National Theatre of China的戲劇演出的時間安排；C項是Deafinitely Theatre的戲劇演出的時間安排。] B 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了美國舊金山的四條旅游路線。 4．A　[細節(jié)理

57、解題。根據(jù)第一個標題San Francisco Winery Tour下的February 1st through April 30th 可知，此項活動從2月1日持續(xù)到4月30日，所以如果3月份出游，要選擇San Francisco Winery Tour，故選A項。] 5．C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個標題Back to the Fifties Tour下的“Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.”可知，游客在領略歷史文化的同時，還有免費的冰激凌可吃，故選C項。

58、] 6．D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一個標題Holiday Lights Tour下的“Advance reservations required.”可知，想?yún)⒓舆@條路線，游客要提前預訂，故選D項。] C 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了國外一家公司研發(fā)飛行汽車的最近進展。 7．A　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中提到飛行汽車的兩個座位、四個輪子以及車翼、飛行速度、油耗等情況可知，該段是在介紹飛行汽車Transition的基本數(shù)據(jù)，故選A項。B項曲解文意，該段最后三句只是列舉了這款飛行汽車在路上和在空中行駛時的一些數(shù)據(jù)對比，并沒有提及其優(yōu)勢；C項無中生有，該段并沒有提及這款飛行汽

59、車的潛在市場問題；D項以偏概全，文中確實提到了飛行汽車的設計者，但它不是本段的主要內(nèi)容。] 8．C　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways.It's expected to cost $279,000.”可知，此款汽車不能推廣的主要原因是它太貴了，故選C項。A、B兩項無中生有，文章并沒有提及這款汽車會導致交通擁堵和難以操作的問題；D項曲解文意，第一段的最后兩句介紹了飛行汽車的油耗，但沒提及耗油太多。 ] 9．B　[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段“The government has already pe

60、rmitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.”中的permit可知，政府對此持支持的態(tài)度，故選B項。A項“謹慎的”，C項“模棱兩可的”，D項“不同意的”。] 10．D　[標題歸納題。本文是一則新聞報道，介紹了一種新型的飛行汽車。新聞報道的主題句通常是第一句話，本文的第一句中提到了flying car和closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year，由此可知，飛行汽車快要變成現(xiàn)實了，故

61、選D項。A項以偏概全，該項雖然有flying car，但出現(xiàn)在汽車展覽會上是以后的事，并不是文章重點；B項以偏概全，這款飛行汽車在上個月的飛行只是在第一段提到，并不能概括全文；C項張冠李戴，最后一段雖然提到了飛行員，但開飛行汽車不是他們的夢想。] D 【語篇導讀】　本文是廣告類短文。介紹了大學部分服務項目的情況。如自助餐廳咖啡館營業(yè)的項目及時間、地點等。 11．C　[細節(jié)理解題。在TWU的自助餐廳你可以做什么？根據(jù)food部分第一段第二句It serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals.可知可以在這里吃飯；根據(jù)you can use t

62、he tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.可知可以見朋友，故選C。] 12．D　[細節(jié)理解題。在什么時間和什么地點可以自己做飯？根據(jù)Relaxation部分敘述的可知可以在這里Globe做飯，時間是除了周日，所以周五可以在這里做飯，故選D。] 13．B　[細解理解題。The Guide告訴我們the Wellness Center什么？根據(jù)A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical he

63、lp or personal advice.可知這里能夠給出關于健康的一些建議，故選B。] 14．A　[細節(jié)理解題。你怎樣從the Writing Center尋求幫助？根據(jù)You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside.可知要想得到幫助需要填寫登記表，故選A。] E 【語篇導讀】　本文為應用文，介紹了由Huffington Post Travel Series為家庭親子游推薦的幾處值得一游的費城景點。 15．B　[細節(jié)理解題。由本文第二段最后一句“Audio tours are also availabl

64、e.”音頻旅游也可以利用?？芍xB。] 16．C　[細節(jié)理解題。由本文章第三段第一句“The Please Touch Museum on 4231 Avenue of the Republic offers kids the chance to explore, discover and learn in a fun environment. ”可知這個博物館提供給孩子們探索的機會，在快樂的環(huán)境中發(fā)現(xiàn)和學習。可知答案選C。] 17．B　[細節(jié)理解題。由The Please Touch Museum和The Franklin Institute部分對飛行和飛行器械的展出介紹可知答案為B。] 18．A　[寫作目的題。由全文第一段可知，本文閱讀對象是針對那些家有孩子前往費城旅游的家庭。] 13