SJ7020擠出機設(shè)計（含CAD圖紙）
SJ7020擠出機設(shè)計（含CAD圖紙）,sj7020,擠出機,設(shè)計,cad,圖紙
摘 要
本設(shè)計的目的為設(shè)計一款單螺桿的塑料擠出機，塑料擠出機也屬于塑料機械的種類之一。單螺桿有效長度一般分為三段，按螺桿直徑大小、螺深、螺距確定三段有效長度，一般按各占三分之一劃分。料口最后一道螺紋開始叫輸送段,物料在此處要求不能塑化，且在此處要預(yù)熱、受壓擠實，此處物料實際是固體塞，可以理解為此處物料受擠壓后像是子一樣是一固體，因此它的功能就是完成輸送任務(wù)了。第二段叫壓縮段，此時螺槽體積由大逐漸變小，并且溫度要達(dá)到物料塑化程度，此處產(chǎn)生壓縮由輸送段三，在這里壓縮到一，這叫螺桿的壓縮比－－3﹕1，有的機器也有變化，完成塑化的物料進入到第三段。第三段是計量段，此處物料保持塑化溫度，像計量泵那樣準(zhǔn)確、定量輸送熔體物料，以供給機頭，此時溫度不能低于塑化溫度，一般略高點。以擠出機機頭料流方向以及螺桿中心線的夾角為根據(jù)，可以將擠出機機頭分成直角機頭和斜角機頭等。一是用螺栓使機頭的外殼固定于機身之上，模芯座在機頭里面的模中，然后用螺帽將其固定于機頭的進線端口，模芯座的內(nèi)部還裝有模芯，而且都有孔位于模芯和模芯座的中心，其作用為通過芯線。依據(jù)加壓方式種類的不同可將擠出工藝可以分成連續(xù)擠出和間歇擠出兩大類。以上為該設(shè)計的設(shè)計理論構(gòu)想。
在本設(shè)計中通過前期準(zhǔn)備查閱資料，根據(jù)設(shè)計任務(wù)書要求，并且因加工材料的特殊性，初步該設(shè)計確定為單螺桿排氣式擠出機，并開始準(zhǔn)備工作，資料收集整理完成后，設(shè)計可行性得到驗證，于是開始相關(guān)的機件設(shè)計工作。設(shè)計工作開始后，通過對比新型擠出機，單螺桿擠出機和多螺桿擠出機的技術(shù)參數(shù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)單螺桿排氣擠出機，更適用于塑料的加工，隨后根據(jù)設(shè)計指標(biāo)確定了螺桿的技術(shù)參數(shù)。進而根據(jù)螺桿的參數(shù)推算出機筒等相關(guān)配件的設(shè)計方案，初步完成整體設(shè)計方向。整體設(shè)計方向完成后，根據(jù)產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)指標(biāo)，根據(jù)已選定的螺桿對螺槽深度、壓縮比、螺紋斷面等一系列配件進行設(shè)計和論證，并對螺桿設(shè)計的長徑比、加料段、塑化段等設(shè)計進行驗證。以上工作完成后，開始第一階段的設(shè)計校核工作，經(jīng)校核發(fā)現(xiàn)整體設(shè)計工作合理無誤，并開始著手準(zhǔn)備第二階段的設(shè)計工作并進行校核與驗算，經(jīng)校核發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計符合技術(shù)指標(biāo)并符合設(shè)計指導(dǎo)書要求，設(shè)計完成。
總的來說本課題在完成設(shè)計說明書要求的前提下，完成了如下內(nèi)容：
（1） 對各種不同類型的擠出機總體結(jié)構(gòu)進了深入的探究
（2） 根據(jù)設(shè)計說明書的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)設(shè)計完成了擠出機的整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。
（3） 運用AutoCAD繪制裝配圖1張，零件圖2張。
（4） 本設(shè)計運用AutoCAD進行整體結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計，可以縮短產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)周期，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量降低成本。
關(guān)鍵詞：塑料機械；塑化； 成型加工； 壓縮；
Abstract
The purpose of this design is to design a single-screw plastic extruder, plastic extrusion machines also belong to one type of plastic machinery. Single screw effective length is generally divided into three sections, according to the screw diameter, screw depth, the effective length of the pitch to determine the three sections, each one-third by the general division. After discharge port last thread started calling transportation section, the material here can not claim plastics, and here is preheated, the real squeeze pressure, the material here is actually a solid plug, can be understood as the material is squeezed here like a child, like a solid, so its function is to complete the transportation task. The second stage compression section called, this time by a large spiral groove volume becomes smaller, and the temperature to achieve the degree of plastics materials, produced here by the transportation section of a three compression, where the compression to a, called the screw compression ratio - 3: 1, some machines have changed, complete the plastics material into the third. Third is the metering section, where plastics material to maintain the temperature, as accurate as metering pumps, quantitative material conveying melt to supply the nose, then the temperature not lower than the plasticizing temperature, generally slightly higher point. Extruder head at an angle and material flow direction according to the center line of the screw can be divided into a crosshead extruder head and angled nose and so on. First, make head bolts that hold the cover on top of the fuselage, the mandrel holder in the head inside the mold, followed by nuts fixed to the head of the line ports, internal mandrel seat is also equipped with core, and have holes in the center of the mold core and core holder, through its role as the core. Based on the way the different types of pressure can be extrusion process can be divided into continuous extrusion and intermittent extrusion two categories. Above for the design theory conceived design.
In this design, prepared by the early access to information, according to the design task book requirements, and because of the special nature of the work material, designed to determine the initial single-screw vented extruder, and started preparatory work, the data collected after the completion of the design feasibility has been verified, mechanical design work began dependent. After the design work began by comparing the technical parameters of the new extruder, a single screw extruder and a multi-screw extruder, single-screw vented extruder was found more suitable for plastics processing, the screw is then determined in accordance with design specifications technical parameters. And then extrapolated based on the parameters of screw barrel and other related accessories design, initially completed the overall design direction. After the completion of the overall design direction, depending on product specifications, according to the selected screw depth of the grooves, the compression ratio, the threaded section and a series of accessories for the design and feasibility studies, and the aspect ratio of screw design, feed zone, plastic of the segment, such as design verification. After completion of the above, check the beginning of the first phase of the design work, after checking found that the overall design is correct and reasonable, and began preparing for the second phase of the design work and checking and checking, after checking found that the design meets the technical indicators guide book and meet the design requirements, the design is complete.
Overall this topic at the completion of the design specification requirements of the premise, completed the following:
(1) for various types of extruders overall structure into the depth inquiry
(2) Based on the technical parameters of the design specification of the design is completed the overall design of the extruder.
(3) the use of AutoCAD assembly drawing 1, Fig. 2 parts.
(4) The use of AutoCAD design of the overall structure of the design, it can shorten product development cycles, improve product quality and reduce costs.
Key words：Plastic Machinery; Plasticizing; Molding Processing; The Compression
目 錄
第一章緒論 1
1.1 單螺桿擠出機 1
1.1.1 基本操作 1
1.1.2 排氣擠出機 2
1.1.3 橡膠擠出機 3
1.2多螺桿擠出機 3
1.2.1 雙螺桿擠出機 3
1.2.2 多螺桿擠出機 4
1.3 擠出機市場現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢 5
第二章擠出機總體方案的確定 7
2.1 擠出機總體布局的基本要求 7
2.2 螺桿類型的確定 7
2.2.1 螺桿的工作性能指標(biāo)評定 8
2.2.2 螺桿的選用原則 8
2.2.3 螺桿的分類 9
2.2.4 螺桿方案的確定 9
2.3 機筒類型的確定 9
2.3.1 機筒的結(jié)構(gòu)類型 9
2.3.2 機筒方案的確定 12
2.4 本設(shè)計整體方案得確定 12
第三章擠出機的整體設(shè)計 14
3.1 PE鋁塑板的基本特性 14
3.2 產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計要求 14
3.3 螺桿設(shè)計 14
3.3.1 螺槽深度和壓縮比的確定 15
3.3.2 螺距和螺紋升角的確定 21
3.3.3 三段式螺桿長度的確定 21
3.3.4 螺紋斷面設(shè)計 26
3.3.5 螺桿設(shè)計的校核 29
3.3.6 第二階螺桿各參數(shù)的確定 34
結(jié)論 37
致謝 39
沈陽化工大學(xué)科亞學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 致謝
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