高中英語 Module 3 The Violence of Nature模塊綜合測評 外研版必修

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模塊綜合測評 Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) A The earthquake affected the students of the destroyed areas in many ways: losing parents, being scared and feeling lonely.How can we help them? Teens reporter talked with Lin Dan, the program director of the Sunshine in Your Heart Project at the Red Cross Society of China. How will the earthquake affect the teenagers mentally? Theyll have feelings of fear, anger and feel they are not safe.They will find it hard to focus.They will tend to cry and shout and tremble.And they might be afraid to be alone. What will happen if they are not helped? The teenagers will find it hard to live in a balanced way.If things get worse, they might not be able to focus on their studies.They might give up on life. How can we help them overcome these problems? The first thing is to build up trust with them.Show your sympathy and sadness, and be their friends.Then you have to give them a sense of safety.Tell them that theres a solution to every problem.Thirdly, try to satisfy their psychological needs.Be a good listener if he or she needs to talk. Some of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared.What should they do? Talk with an adult or share their feelings with someone who might feel similar.If this doesnt help，then they should see a doctor for professional help. 1．Whats the best title of the passage? A．The Scare Caused by the Earthquake B．Dealing with the Pain Left behind after the Earthquake C．How to Get a Sense of Safety D．The Psychological Needs 【解析】　主旨大意題。文章主要論述了如何消除震后災區(qū)學生們的傷痛、恐懼等心理問題，故選B項。 【答案】　B 2．The underlined word “psychological” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to “________”． A．mental　　　　 B．physical C．material D．professional 【解析】　詞義猜測題。文章主要講了地震給災區(qū)的學生們造成的心理、精神問題以及如何消除這種心理、精神問題，故我們也要盡力滿足他們的心理或精神需求。mental精神的；physical身體的，物理的；material物質(zhì)的；professional專業(yè)的。 【答案】　A 3．From the passage，we can infer that ________. A．the scare caused by the earthquake can be relieved quickly B．seeing a doctor is the most important measure to deal with the problems C．the images on TV can also affect people and even cause problems D．to help them overcome these problems, we should always talk with them 【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的Some of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared.可知應選C。 【答案】　C 4．When helping them overcome the problems, we need not ________. A．build up trust with them B．give them a sense of safety C．solve every problem they have for them D．be a good listener if they need to talk 【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第七段可知C項與“Tell them that theres a solution to every problem.”不符。 【答案】　C B The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health.Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well.That food is related to illness is not a new discovery.In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives(添加劑)caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings(包裝)of foods are helpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct.Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows.Sometimes similar things are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market.Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues. 【語篇解讀】　 本文主要講述的是食物可以讓我們生存，但是現(xiàn)在的很多疾病也是與食物有關的。以此來告訴我們要特別注意自己所吃的食物。 5．According to this passage, we can know ______. A．perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat B．perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat C．cancer was discovered in 1945 D．science has made food unfit to eat 【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句話“Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well.”可知，百分之八十的疾病都是由我們吃的食物引起的，故A項正確。 【答案】　A 6．Things that are used to keep colours in meats are________. A．harmful B．useless C．helpless D．delicious 【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives(添加劑)caused cancer.”可知，這些讓肉著色的添加劑會導致癌癥。也就是說對人體是有害的，故A項正確。 【答案】　A 7．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Some wrappings of food are harmful. B．Farmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals. C．“The practice continues” means “things are still going on like that”． D．We neednt take care of what we eat. 【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前三句話可知，食物可以讓我們生存，但是現(xiàn)在的很多疾病也是與食物有關的。說明對于我們的食物我們要特別注意，故D項錯誤，所以選D項。 【答案】　D C Have you ever been laughed at by others? Being laughed at is a common fear.But a study found that this fear is not the same around the world.It differs from culture to culture. People in Finland were the least likely to believe that people laughing in their presence were making fun of them.Less than ten per cent of Finns in the study said they would think that, compared to eighty per cent of people in Thailand. Some people in the study said they felt unsure of themselves in social situations but hid their feelings of insecurity(不安全)．Others said they avoided social situations where they had been laughed at before.The study found that people in Turkmenistan and Cambodia were more likely to be in the first group.They would hide their feelings of insecurity if they were around other peoples laughter.But people in Iraq, Egypt and Jordan were more likely to try to avoid such situations if they felt they had been laughed at before. Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people.They worry that something they say or do will make other people laugh at them.But some people worry much more than others.They may have gelotophobia.Gelos is a Greek word.It means laughter.Phobia means fear.This fear of laughter can be truly sad for those who live with it.It can affect how they lead their lives. In the study, a team from the University of Zurich led more than ninety researchers from around the world.They wanted to understand the difference between normal shyness and true gelotophobia.Another purpose of the study was to compare the levels of fear of being laughed at in different cultures.The researchers surveyed more than twentytwo thousand people in fortytwo different languages.The findings appeared in the scientific journal Humour. 8．The author asked a question in the first paragraph in order to________. A．show his/her doubt B．introduce the topic C．a(chǎn)sk for the answer D．entertain readers 【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可推出，作者用一個問題開頭是為了引出文章的主題，故選B。 【答案】　B 9．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us________. A．people in different cultures show different fears of being laughed at B．people in Egypt think people laughing at them are making fun of them C．people always try to avoid situations where they may be looked down on D．many people usually try to hide their feelings when being laughed at in strange places 【解析】　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可推出，本段主要舉例介紹了不同文化中的人們對被嘲笑表現(xiàn)出不同的恐懼，故選A。 【答案】　A 10．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．People in Thailand like making fun of others. B．People in Iraq, Egypt and Cambodia often avoided peoples laughter. C．The study found that people of Finland always made other people laugh. D．Some people hid their feelings of insecurity if they felt unsure of themselves. 【解析】　 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Some people in the study said they felt unsure of themselves in social situations but hid their feelings of insecurity(不安全)．”可知D項說法正確。 【答案】　D 11．According to the passage, shy people often______. A．live their life with great fear B．fear that they may hurt others C．worry much more than others D．a(chǎn)void getting in touch with others 【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句話“Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people.”可知答案為D。 【答案】　D D (2016江蘇高考)El Nio，a Spanish term for “the Christ child，”was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.El Nio sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round. The weather effects，both good and bad，are felt in many places.Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios，on balance，than they lose.A study found that a strong Nio in 199798 helped Americas economy grow by $15 billion，partly because of better agricultural harvests：farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain.The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones. But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames.A multiyear drought(干旱) in southeast Brazil is becoming worse.Though heavy rains brought about By El Nio may relieve the drought in California，they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters. The most recent powerful Nio，in 199798，killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe.But such Nios come with months of warning，and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare.According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI)，however，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance，rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction. Simple improvements to infrastructure(基礎設施) can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers(下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and coauthors，civil conflict is related to El Nios harmful effects—and the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal，helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nio，reducing their losses needs to be the priority. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇科普說明文，介紹了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的由來以及它對人們生活的影響。文章根據(jù)ODI對20年救災資金的投向的分析，得出防災重于救災的結(jié)論，這也是作者寫此文的目的。文章最后提出防止厄爾尼諾帶來次生災害的措施。 12．What can we learn about El Nio in Paragraph 1? A．It is named after a South American fisherman. B．It takes place almost every year all over the world. C．It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas. D．It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean. 【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段第一句．..a Spanish term for “the Christ child，”．..South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years...可知，“厄爾尼諾”是西班牙語的譯音，原意是“神童”或“圣明之子”，是由很早就注意海洋與天氣的關系的南美洲的漁民命名的，所以D項“它能體現(xiàn)大洋中潮流方向的改變”為正確選項。根據(jù)首段第一句可知南美洲的漁民發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一現(xiàn)象，而非“某個漁民”，故A項錯誤；B項是常識性錯誤；C項恰好與文章內(nèi)容相反。 【答案】　D 13．What may El Nios bring about to the countries affected? A．Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall. B．Droughts become more harmful than floods. C．Rich countries gains are greater than their losses. D．Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically. 【解析】　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios，on balance，than they lose.可知，富裕國家因厄爾尼諾而得到的東西要比它們失去的多。由此可鎖定正確答案為C。 【答案】　C 14．The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that ________. A．more investment should go to risk reduction B．governments of poor countries need more aid C．victims of El Nio deserve more compensation D．recovery and reconstruction should come first 【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段ODI提供的數(shù)據(jù)可知，在過去的20年中只有12%的救災資金投入到提前預防方面，顯然投入比例較??；再聯(lián)系第四段最后一句．..that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.(……在預防災害方面花一美元就能在災后重建方面至少省兩美元)可知正確答案為A。 【答案】　A 15．What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce El Nio and its origin. B．To explain the consequences of El Nio. C．To show ways of fighting against El Nio. D．To urge people to prepare for El Nio. 【解析】　主旨大意題。文章從第四段ODI的數(shù)據(jù)分析和第五段如何防止厄爾尼諾帶來次生災害這兩個方面，鼓勵人們以正向心態(tài)積極應對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象。A項與B項都屬范圍太??；C項偏離主題。厄爾尼諾本身是一種自然現(xiàn)象，人們可以研究如何利用它，而不是去違背它。 【答案】　D Ⅱ.閱讀填句(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 In our modern world, everyone is trying to do things faster, better, and more productively.Here are a few habits to help you increase your productivity. 1．__16__ Just by taking a few moments to find 3－5 things you must finish each day, you will improve your overall productivity, because you cant focus on your important work if you dont know whats important. 2．Dont multi(多)task.We live in a rapidly developing world, but scientists tell us that none of us is truly a good multitasker.__17__ 3．Create a morning routine.__18__ If you know you operate at your best when you have exercised and had a good breakfast, making those things a priority(優(yōu)先考慮的事)will positively affect the rest of your day. 4．Be short and clear.When writing emails, get to the points quickly.__19__ 5．Work offline.__20__ If you cant avoid its distractions(分心), work offline or take your work somewhere without an Internet connection to force some focus.I get so much work done on long plane journeys and I sometimes go to a local coffee shop for some work. A．The Internet is a fantastic, but an attractive place. B．Decide your most important tasks. C．Do the things you want to do the least, first. D．Working on one thing at a time will make you faster. E．A good rule is to limit your email to five sentences or less. F．You dont need a fancy system for productivity, just a few good, timeless habits. G．For many people, deciding and continuing a morning routine can have a good start of the day. 【語篇解讀】　 如何做事情更快更好更高效？本文給出了建議。 16．B　該空是本段中心句。本段講的是先做最重要的事情，所以B項符合。 17．D　由本段中心句“不要一次做很多事情”可知，選D項“一次只做一件事”符合。 18．G　由共同詞morning routine可知。 19．E　由本段中心“簡潔明了”可知，寫電子郵件要簡潔明了。 20．A　由本段中心句“要斷網(wǎng)工作”可知，選A項。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) One day in September we were doing repair work on my parents old house to get it ready for my youngest daughters wedding.We had to __21__ a great climbing plant that had grown __22__ a roof beam (房梁), so that we could repair the roof and __23__ the walls. When my husband was taking the plant away, he found a __24__ of a blackbird that had made its home in the leaves.He then __25__ something __26__ among that mass of earth and straw of the nest.He broke the earth around it into pieces with his finger tips and, to his __27__， saw bright gold.It was a childs bracelet (手鐲)．He ran into the house to __28__ me. “You wont believe that the __29__ blackbirds not only steal the best fruit we __30__ to feed on，” he said, “but they also want their children to __31__ in a cradle (搖籃) of gold！” When my daughter came over on the eve of the __32__， we told her about this __33__ occurrence. “Dont you remember, Mother？” she said with a loud __34__.“When I was eight, you gave me a bracelet that I __35__ a few days later while out playing in the yard? It was this one！” As the bracelet no longer __36__ its owner and was dirty, I decided to take it into my safekeeping. In December of the following year, the young couples baby son was baptized (受洗禮)．Among the __37__ the newborn baby received, I placed his mothers bracelet, now shining like __38__.I hope that if my grandson __39__ loses it, one of the __40__ that live in my backyard is somewhere nearby. 21．A.remove B．cover C．grow D．water 【解析】　根據(jù)第二段第一句可知答案。 【答案】　A 22．A.beyond B．over C．a(chǎn)cross D．through 【解析】　through意為“從……的內(nèi)部穿過”，根據(jù)常識可排除；再根據(jù)前面的“climbing plant”可排除A、B兩項。此處across意為“橫過，纏繞”。 【答案】　C 23．A.build B．paint C．rescue D．print 【解析】　前文提到是對房子進行維修，可排除A項；另外，本文沒有提到房子是危房，故可排除C項；print意為“印刷”，與句子意思不符。paint the walls意為“粉刷墻壁”。 【答案】　B 24．A.nest B．baby C．body D．egg 【解析】　根據(jù)后文的“that mass of earth and straw of the nest”可知答案。 【答案】　A 25．A.moved B．got C．picked D．noticed 【解析】　根據(jù)后一句話可知作者的丈夫這時注意到了有一個發(fā)光的東西。 【答案】　D 26．A.nice B．colorful C．shiny D．special 【解析】　后文提到這個手鐲是金子做成的，是金子就會發(fā)光。 【答案】　C 27．A.horror B．surprise C．delight D．disappointment 【解析】　作者的丈夫本來對房子進行維修，沒料到會發(fā)現(xiàn)這個手鐲，所以他感到吃驚。 【答案】　B 28．A.ask B．tell C．show D．give 【解析】　丈夫發(fā)現(xiàn)并且取出這個手鐲，就興高采烈地把它拿給作者看。 【答案】　C 29．A.working B．cheating C．dreaming D．thieving 【解析】　根據(jù)后面的steal可知答案。 【答案】　D 30．A.buy B．plant C．store D．collect 【解析】　根據(jù)常識可知，小鳥只能偷吃放在外面或長在樹上的果子。 【答案】　B 31．A.lie B．sing C．listen D．wait 【解析】　作者的丈夫是在鳥巢里發(fā)現(xiàn)的鐲子，鳥巢就是小鳥躺著休息的地方。 【答案】　A 32．A.party B．Christmas C．birthday D．wedding 【解析】　前文提到作者一家對舊房子進行維修的目的就是為了迎接女兒的婚禮。 【答案】　D 33．A.important B．strange C．terrible D．funny 【解析】　小鳥“偷”手鐲，的確稀奇。 【答案】　B 34．A.cry B．sigh C．laugh D．sound 【解析】　女兒就要結(jié)婚。手鐲無意之中被找到。又聽父母說了這么一件令人驚訝的事情，她怎能不笑。 【答案】　C 35．A.hid B．threw C．lost D．broke 【解析】　作者的丈夫發(fā)現(xiàn)的手鐲就是女兒丟失的那一個。 【答案】　C 36．A.fitted B．satisfied C．matched D．interested 【解析】　女兒已經(jīng)長大，她那個小時候所戴的手鐲已不再適合她。 【答案】　A 37．A.jewels B．toys C．clothes D．presents 【解析】　女兒的孩子接受洗禮，作為外公外婆當然得送禮物表示祝賀；另外，從下文作者又把這個手鐲當禮物送給外孫也可得知答案。 【答案】　D 38．A.attractive B．new C．modern D．golden 【解析】　金手鐲經(jīng)過清洗妥善保管，又嶄新如初。 【答案】　B 39．A.almost B．just C．even D．ever 【解析】　ever此處用于條件句，意為“在任何時候”。 【答案】　D 40．A.blackbirds B．grandchildren C．neighbours D．mice 【解析】　上文提到作者女兒丟失的手鐲被畫眉鳥偷走，所以作者以幽默的語氣結(jié)尾。如果外孫再把這個手鐲丟失，我希望再有一只畫眉鳥在附近。 【答案】　A Ⅳ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) 閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Most people nowadays are so busy with their lives that they do not have time to enjoy a healthy and 41.______ (balance) diet.For most individuals，as 42.______ result of eating foods rich in fats and sugar several years，they choose to go on a diet but do not 43.______ (success)at the end.Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are 44.______ you eat! Therefore，maintaining a healthy diet not only 45.______ (provide)your body with energy but also numerous health benefits.One is that you will keep a healthy weight and is also the 46.______(easy) and most beneficial way in which you can be energetic and protect yourself 47.______ a number of diseases when growing old.Another benefit is that you will meet your everyday nutritional 48.______ (require).49.______ (basic)speaking，you should ensure that you take good amount of vegetables，grains，milk and proteins.In most cases，a healthy diet can help you decrease the risk of 50.______ (get)some diseases like diabetes and cancer. 【答案】　41.balanced　42.a　43.succeed 44．what　45.provides　46.easiest 　47.from/against　48.requirement(s)　49.Basically 50．getting Ⅴ.短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 Dear Jenny， Now Id like to tell you something about my parttime job this summer vacation, in that I worked as a guide in a travel agency. The work was interesting but tired.I think it was helpful to work this holiday.It was the first time that I have earned money on my own.Ill come to understand how hard my parents work to support for the family.I used to keep on ask them for money, but now Ill never waste money and learn to share worries with my parent.Ive learnt how to get along well with others.Whats worse, Ive gained some working and social experience and I have learnt something cant be learnt from textbooks.All these will be good for my future.In a word, I had the wonderful or valuable summer vacation. 【答案】　 Dear Jenny， Now Id like to tell you something about my parttime job this summer vacation, in I worked as a guide in a travel agency. The work was interesting but I think it was helpful to work this holiday.It was the first time that I earned money on my own.Ill come to un