2013年高考英語《Unit 2 Poems》要點梳理+重點突破 新人教版選修6

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111 選修6　Unit 2　Poems 要 點 梳 理 高效梳理·知識備考 ●重點單詞 1．convey vt.傳達；運送 2．concrete adj.具體的 3．contradictory adj.引起矛盾的；好反駁的 4．flexible adj.靈活的；可彎曲的；柔順的 5．pattern n．模式；式樣；圖案 6．tease vi. & vt.取笑；招惹；戲弄 7．branch n．枝條；支流；部門 8．eventually adv.最后；終于 9．transform vi. & vt.轉化；轉換；改造；變換→transformation n．轉化 10．sorrow n．悲傷；悲痛；懊悔→sorrowful adj.悲傷的 11．appropriate adj.適當的；正當的 12．exchange n．交換；交流；互換 vt. & vi.調換；交換 13．sponsor n．贊助人；主辦者；倡議者 vt.發(fā)起；舉辦；倡議 14．load n．負擔；負荷物(尤指沉重的) ●重點短語 1．make sense　　　　　　　　　　有意義 2．can’t take one’s eyes off sb./sth. 無法將目光從某人 身上/某物上挪開 3．stay up 熬夜，不睡覺；挺立 4．take it easy 輕松；不緊張；從容 5．run out of 用完 6．make up of (多用于被動結構)構成 7．transform into... 變成…… 8．in particular 尤其；特別 9．try out 測試；試驗 10．let out 發(fā)出；放走 ●重點句型 1．There are various reasons why people write poetry. 人們會寫詩有種種原因。 2．Some rhyme(like B) while others do not(like C)． 有些詩押韻(像B)，但也有些不是這樣(像C)。 3．And said though strange they all were true. 而且他說雖然這有些離奇，但卻真實。 4．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from,_students may eventually want to write poems of their own.因為有許多不同類型的詩可以選擇，學生們可能最后都想寫他們自己的詩歌了。 ●高考范文 (2008·山東) 假設你是新華中學的學生張華，班里從外地轉來一名同學李明，他一時無法融入新的班集體中，感到很苦惱。請根據下列要點用英語給他寫封信： *幫他分析原因 *給他提出建議 *陳述你幫助他的具體打算 注意：詞數120～150 Dear Li Ming， ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards， Zhang Hua [范文] Dear Li Ming， I'm sorry to know that you feel distressed at your new class. One of the reasons, I believe, is that you might be too shy to talk confidently with your classmates. Maybe you are afraid that your classmates will make fun of your accent. Therefore it is natural for you to feel lonely occasionally. I believe, with your effort, you can manage to overcome these difficulties. To start with, it can be well learned to speak putonghua, well understood by all the Chinese. Besides, comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way for you to make new friends. In our spare time, I‘ll invite you to play basketball or go to some parties. Also, I’d like to introduce my good friends to you. I hope you can adapt to the new school life as soon as possible Best regards， Zhang Hua 考 點 探 究 互動探究·能力備考 Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關 1．convey vt. 傳達；運送；傳播 conveyor (er) n. 運送者，傳達者；運輸設備 convey sb./sth. from...to... 把某人/某物從……運 送到…… convey sth. to sb. 向某人傳達/表達(思想、感情等) [即學即練1](1)Pipes ______ hot water ______ the boiler ______ the radiators. 管道把熱水從鍋爐輸送到散熱器里。 (2)Words can‘t ______ how delighted I was. 言辭無法表達我內心的喜悅。 (3)Please ______ my good wishes ______ your mother. 請向您母親轉達的美好祝愿。 convey from to convey convey to 2．transform vt.&vi. 改變，轉變，改造，使改觀 transformation n. (外觀或性質的)改變，變革 transform A into B 使A變成B be transformed from A to B 從A變到B transform into 轉化成，改觀為 [即學即練2](1)The photochemical reactions __________ the light ______ electrical impulses. 光化學反應使光變?yōu)殡娒}沖。 (2)The company has ______ __________ ______ a family business ______ a multimillionpound operation. 這家公司已由一個家庭企業(yè)變成擁有數百萬英鎊的運作機構。 (3)Let’s ____________ the old educational system.讓我們改革舊的教育制度。 transform into been transformed from into transform 提示：trans是前綴，意為“轉移，變化”。如：transport 運輸，運送　transfer 轉移，調往　transmit 傳導，輸送，播送　translate 翻譯 3．appropriate adj. 適當的，正當的　v. 挪用，撥出(款項) appropriation n. 盜用，挪用，專款 be appropriate to/for 適于，合乎 appropriate sth. for sth. 為某物撥專款 [即學即練3](1)Jeans are not ____________ ______ a formal party. 正式聚會上穿牛仔褲不合適。 (2)He was accused of _____________ club funds. 他被指控盜用俱樂部資金。 (3)Five million dollars has ______ ____________ ______ research into the disease. 已撥款五百萬美元用于這種疾病的研究。 appropriate for appropriating been appropriated for 4．exchange n．交換；交流；互換 vt. & vi.調換；交換 exchange sth. for sth.以……換取…… exchange sth. with sb.和某人交換某物 in exchange for交換 make an exchange交換 exchange words爭吵；吵架 [即學即練4](1)I took his camera ______ __________ ______my watch.我用我的手表換他的相機。 (2)They have offered to release the reporters, but what do they want ______ ____________？ 他們提出可以釋放記者，但他們想要什么作為交換？ (3)He ___________ an apple ______ an orange. 他用一個蘋果換了一個橘子。 (4)Shall I ___________ seats ______ you? 我和你換一下座位好嗎？ in exchange for in exchange exchanged for　 exchange with 5．load n. 負擔，負荷物(尤指沉重的) v. 裝載，加重，把彈藥裝入(槍炮) take a load off one‘s mind 打消某人的顧慮 a load of/loads of 很多的 a heavy load for sb. 對某人來說是一種重荷 load sth./ sb. with sth. 用……裝載……/使負擔 load sth. into/onto sb. /sth. 把……裝入(到)……/使負擔 load up (使)載滿 load off one’s mind 消除某人的思想負擔 [即學即練5](1)The truck is carrying ______ ______ ______ apples.那輛卡車運載著蘋果。 (2)Her mother‘s recovery ______ ______ ______ ______ her mind.她媽媽的康復使她心中卸下重擔。 (3)The truck ______ ______ ______ bananas. 那卡車裝載著香蕉。 (4)He helped me to ______ my furniture ______ the truck.他幫我把家具裝上車。 a load of took a load off was loaded with load onto 提示：與load 有關的合成詞 overload (使)超載　　　　autoload 自動加載 unload 卸貨，卸載，退子彈　carload 車載量 download 下載(計算機用語)　workload 工作量 upload 上傳(計算機用語) 6．take it easy/take things easy 別緊張，從容，松懈，不急 take it/things easy 告訴別人不要緊張(指在心理上 “別緊張，別著急”，相當于 Don‘t be nervous.) take one’s time (Don‘t hurry.) “別著急”，告訴別人 不要著急。(意味著時間還早、沒必要匆忙。) take sb./sth. seriously 認真對待某人/某事 take...for granted 認為……理所當然 [即學即練6](1)There is nothing serious; you can ______ ______ ______. 沒什么嚴重的事，你不要緊張。 (2)Now, no use getting nervous. Tom, ______ ______ ______.湯姆，不要過于緊張，現在著急是沒用的。 (3)There's no need to rush back—just ______ ______ ______.不用急著趕回來——慢慢來吧。 take it easy take it easy take your time 7．run out of 用完；用光 Sb. runs out of sth. 某人用光某物。 Sth. is run out of. 某物被用光。 Sth. is running out. 某物快用光了。 Sb. uses up sth. 某人用光某物。 Sth. is used up. 某物快被用光。 Sb. runs short of sth. 某人快用光某物了。 Sth. runs short. 某物快用完了。 Sb./Sth. gives out. 某人精疲力盡/某物用完。 [即學即練7](1)Tom had ______ ______ ______ money and he had to write a letter asking his father to send him some by post.湯姆用完了錢，不得不寫信讓父親匯些來。 (2)Food in the flooded area ______ ______ fast since more and more people became homeless. 由于愈來愈多的人無家可歸，洪災區(qū)的食品很快就用完了。 (3)His strength ______ ______ after he ran that long distance.跑完那么長一段距離，他已筋疲力竭。 (4)They have ______ ______ their money. 他們已經把錢花光了。 run out of ran out gave out used up 8．make up of(多用于被動結構)構成 make up 組成；編造；化妝；補償 make up for 彌補 make out 聽出，看出，辨認出 be made of/from 由……制成 be made out of 由……制成；用……改制而成 be made into 把……做成…… be made in (某物)產于某地 [即學即練8](1)Are all animal bodies ______ ______ ______ cells? 所有動物的身體都是由細胞組成的嗎？ (2)Nothing can ______ ______ ______ the death of so many people. 什么也彌補不了這么多人的死亡。 (3)Books ______ ______ ______ paper, while paper ______ ______ ______ wood. 書是由紙做成的；而紙是由木頭做的。 made up of make up for are made of is made from 9．let out發(fā)出；放走 let sth. out泄露(秘密等)；發(fā)出(叫喊等)；放 寬；放大(衣服等)；讓……跑掉 let sb. out放……出去，釋放 let sb. down讓某人失望 let sb./sth.in讓某人/某物進來 let alone更不用說 [即學即練9](1)Don’t ______ ______ ______ about my losing job.別把我丟了工作一事泄露出去。 (2)He’s getting so fat that his trousers have to ______ ______ ______ round the waist. 他越來越胖，褲腰都得放寬了。 (3)The baby can’t even crawl yet, ______ ______ walk.這孩子連爬都不會，更不用說走了。 let it out be let out let alone Ⅱ.重點句型詳解 1．There are various reasons why people write poetry. 人們寫詩有各種各樣的理由。 reason why...。reason 的意思是“原因，理由”，后面的定語從句常用 why和 that, which 引導，后接同位語從句時要用 that引導，對 reason 的內容進行說明或解釋，要注意它們所使用的場合。 ①The reason why he failed the English exam was that he didn't learn it well. 他英語考試不及格的原因是他沒學好。(why在定語從句中做狀語) ②I don't believe the reason that/ which you gave me. 我不相信你給我的理由。(that和 which在定語從句中做 gave的賓語) ③We are not going for the simple reason that we can't afford it. 我們不去，原因很簡單：我們負擔不起。(that 引導同位語從句) 拓展：(1)That is why... 那就是……的原因。(強調結果) (2)This is because... 這是因為……(強調原因) (3)在 the reason why...is/was that 結構中，一般用 that 引導表語從句，而不用 because。 [即境活用1](2008·四川模擬)The reason for his success is ______ he worked very hard. A．why B．that C．because D．for 解析：考查 the reason 的表語從句，由 that 引導。 答案：B 2．Some rhyme(like B) while others do not(like C)． 有些詩押韻(像B)，但也有些不是這樣(像C)。 while的用法歸納： (1)while 用做并列連詞，構成并列句，意為“然而，但是”，相當于 and/but, 強調前后兩種情況的對比或轉折，此時while 一般位于句中。 (2)while 用做從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……的時候；和……同時”，此時的主從句謂語動作同時發(fā)生，從句謂語通常是延續(xù)性動詞。 (3)while 引導讓步狀語從句，常放在句首，意為“盡管”“雖然”，比 although或 though 語氣要輕。 (4)while 引導條件狀語從句，意為“只要”，其意思和用法相當于 as long as。while 可位于句首，也可位于句中。 (5)while 引導從句時，如果主從句的主語一致，且從句謂語又含有 be，則從句主語和 be可以省略。while 后可直接跟現在分詞、名詞、形容詞或介詞短語。 ①You like sports, while I prefer music. 你喜歡體育，而我更喜歡音樂。 ②I was reading the book while you were talking to me. 你對我說話的時候，我正在看書。 ③While it is very cold today, we decide to go out for a walk. 盡管今天天氣很冷，我們還是決定出去走走。 ④While a spark of life remains, it is a doctor‘s duty to save the patient. 只要病人還有一線生機，醫(yī)生就有責任搶救。 ⑤You have to be very careful while (you are) driving. 你開車時必須很小心。 提示：while 引導時間狀語從句時，指一段時間，不用來表示時間點；when引導時間狀語從句時，既指時間段，也指時間點。如： ①When/While I was in middle school, I liked English very much.我上中學時非常喜歡英語。 ②When he entered, I was watching TV. (不能用 while)當他進來時我正在看電視。 [即境活用2](1)(2008年四川非延考區(qū))In some places women are expected to earn money ______ men work at home and raise their children. A．but　　　　　　　　　　B．while C．because D．though 解析：while 在此句中意為“然而”，表對比。 答案：B (2)(2008·湖南卷)______the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it. A．If B．While C．Because D．As 答案：B 解析：while 引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然”。 (3)(2008·上海卷)—Are you ready for Spain? —Yes, I want the girls to experience that ______ they are young. A．while B．until C．if D．before 解析：while 引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……時候”。 答案：A 易 錯 點 撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考 1. transform/change/convert/shift/transfer 這五個詞都含有“改變”的意思。 (1)transform強調完全改變某事或人的外觀或特征。 (2)change著重強調與以前不一樣，是最常用的單詞。 (3)convert是由一種形式或作用轉變成為另一種形式或作用。 (4)shift含有輕易變動之意，一般用于改變位置或方向，或出于不正當動機把罪過嫁禍給他人。 (5)transfer意為“移交，轉移”，強調從一處轉移到另一處。 1. [應用1]　(1)______ coal to/into pipeline gas. 將煤轉化為管道氣。 (2)He ______ the chair closer to the bed. 他把椅子向床移近。 (3)Please have my luggage ___________ to the railway station.請把我的行李轉到火車站去。 Convert shifted transferred (4)The Greens have ____________ their garage into a guest house.格林家把他們的車庫改成了客房。 (5)The weather is _____________ for better/worse. 天氣正在變好/壞。 transformed changing 2. appropriate/fit/suitable/proper 四個詞都含有“適合”的意思。 (1)appropriate指適合于特殊的人、場合、地位等，強調自然具備適宜的性質。 (2)fit意為某人或某物在目的上、用途上適合。 (3)suitable意味著適合某種情況。 (4)proper含有生來就具備適宜性質的含義，還表示某物具有它應當具備的性質。 [應用2]　(1)This is a ______ tool for the job. 這是一件適合那項工作的工具。 (2)The house is not really ___________ for a large family. 這所房子確實不適合大家庭居住。 (3)His casual clothes were not ___________ for such a formal occasion.他的便服不適宜在這樣正式的場合穿。 (4)He is ______ for the job.他能勝任這項工作。 proper suitable appropriate fit 3. eventually/finally/at last/in the end 這四個詞或短語均在句中做狀語，含“最后，最終”之意，區(qū)別如下： (1)eventually通常指由某一必然原因導致的“最終的結果”。 (2)finally指經過一段時間的等待才出現結果，主要位于動詞前面，有時用于列舉中的最后一項。 (3)at last表明說話者主觀的語氣很強烈，指經過一段時間的期待好不容易才出現的結果，暗示心里一陣“輕松”。通常位于句首或句末。 (4)in the end最后，最終。語氣稍弱，指經過種種變化、困難和捉摸不定的情況之后某事才發(fā)生。 [應用3]　(1)______ ______ an agreement was reached between the two parties. 雙方最終達成了協(xié)議。 (2)She failed so many times that ______ ______ ______ she gave up hope. 她多次失敗，以至于最終放棄了希望。 (3)He worked so hard that __________ he made himself ill. 他工作太賣力，最后病倒了。 At last in the end eventually (4)We need to increase productivity; we need to cut down the cost, and ______ we need to make our goods competitive on world markets. 我們需要提高生產率，我們需要降低成本；最后，我們還需要提高我們的商品在國際上的競爭力。 finally 高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測評·技能備考 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．A steam engine t_______________ heat into power. 2．The company's head office is in the city, but it has b____________ all over the country. 3．A literal t____________ is not always the closest to the original meaning. 4．The ambassador personally c___________ the president's message to the premier. 5．There is e___________ work to do when you have children in the house. transforms　 branches translation conveyed endless 6．The book was written in a style _____________(適當的) to the age of the children. 7．She found a company to __________(資助) her through college. 8．The __________ (鉆石) ring on her finger glittered in the light. 9．You need to be more ___________(靈活) and imaginative in your approach. 10．He hanged himself in _______ (悲傷) after his wife died. appropriate　 sponsor diamond flexible sorrow Ⅱ .單項選擇 1．—I'm sorry to keep you waiting. I'll make short work of this. —______. I'm not in a hurry. A．Take it easy　　　　　　B．Take your time C．Not at all D．Do as you like 答案：B 解析：考查交際用語。由題中 I‘m not in a hurry 可知選B“別著急，慢慢來”，指時間上。take it easy 指心理上“別緊張，別著急”。 2．As the income is increasing, the ______ of family life has been changing over recent years. A．model B．character C．process D．pattern 答案：D 解析：考查名詞辨析。 the pattern of family life 家庭生活方式。 model模型；character性格；process過程。 3．This is a poem that perfectly ______ to the reader the poet's feelings. A．leads B．contributes C．contains D．conveys 答案：D 解析：考查動詞辨析。convey to sb. sth. “向某人傳達某事”。 lead to 導致；contribute to 貢獻； contain 包含。 4．In only 30 years, the country has been ______ into an advanced industrial power. A．translated B．transmitted C．transferred D．transformed 答案：D 解析：考查動詞辨析。be transformed into 被改變成為。translate 翻譯；transmit 傳導，運輸；transfer 轉移，遷移。 5．______ with a big family, the man worked hard day and night. A．Loading B．Loaded C．Having loaded D．Load 答案：B 解析：考查非謂語動詞做狀語。句子主語 the man 與 load 構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞 loaded。 6．(2010·臨川一中)The Guinness Book of World Records is not so easy ______. A．to remember B．to be remembered C．remembering D．being remembered 答案：A 解析：考查非謂語動詞。easy, hard等形容詞與不定式連用作表語時，如果句子的主語是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語，通常用不定式的主動形式表達被動意義。 7．Nancy's pale face suggested that she ______ seriously ill, so her teacher suggested that she ______ to see the doctor. A．should be; should go B．was; must go C．was; go D．be; ought to go 答案：C 解析：第一個 suggest 意為“表明了，顯示了”，從句中用正常語氣 was；第二個 suggest 意為“建議”，從句中用虛擬語氣“(should)＋go”。 8．(2010·山東濰坊質量監(jiān)測)The government has agreed to pay the firms extra sums to ______ for their financial losses. A．make up　　　　　　　　B．bring up C．fill up D．look up 答案：A 解析：考查動詞短語辨析。語意為：政府已同意付給這些公司額外的款項來彌補他們的經濟損失。make up彌補；bring up撫養(yǎng)；fill up(使)充滿；look up查找。 9．It's high time that I ______ home and I'd rather you ______ again sometime in the future. A．go; come B．am going; come C．went; came D．would go; would come 答案：C 解析：考查虛擬語氣。it‘s (high) time 后的 that 從句中用過去時；would rather 從句中也用過去時。 10．The reason ______ he explained to us for not being here is ______ he missed the bus. A．why; that B．which; that C．why; because D．which; because 答案：B 解析：第一空從句中缺 explain 的賓語，故選 which；第二空表語從句由 that引導。 11．For many patients, institutional (慈善機構的) care is the most ______ and beneficial form of care. A．suitable B．appropriate C．thoughtful D．proper 答案：B 解析：句意：對許多病人來說，慈善機構的關心是一種最恰當、最有益的關心。appropriate “適當的，合適的”，指“恰如其分的”。suitable 指“符合某時或某一環(huán)境下的要求或需要的”；thoughtful “關切的，考慮周到的”；proper 指“正當的，正確的”。 12．To their delight, they ______ got what they had been looking forward to. A．normally B．eventually C．particularly D．originally 答案：B 解析：考查副詞辨析。A.正常地；通常地；B.終于，最后；C.特別地；D.最初，原先。由題意，選B。 13．－I’m still working on my project. －Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ______. A．running out B．going out C．giving out D．losing out 答案：A 解析：句意：“我仍然在做這一個項目?！薄鞍。∧阋苍S不能如期完成了。因為快沒時間了”。當表示時間用完、耗盡的時候多用run out。give out“分發(fā)，精疲力竭”。 14．______ everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. A．Because B．Since C．While D．If 答案：C 解析：考查while引導的讓步狀語從句。句意：雖然每個人都喜歡自己房子里的新鮮插花，但很少人知道怎樣盡可能長時間地保鮮。while在此表示“雖然，盡管”，由題意選C。 15．(2010·福建六校三聯)I don't like the way ______ he often uses to speak to me. A．in which B．how C．which D．what 答案：C 解析：考查定語從句。which引導定語從句，修飾先行詞way，而且which在從句中作uses的賓語。 Ⅲ .完形填空 It's hard being an astronaut's son. I __1__ , everybody expects you to be special or __2__ , and I'm just an average student, and I'm average, too, when it __3__ basketball, football, soccer, and baseball. I often wonder __4__ my father ever had a son like me. I mean he's so __5__ and so good at everything. So I used to dream about doing something spectacular(不平常的) to __6__ my father and make him __7__ me. In one class, my teacher __8__ a Father's Day essay contest for us and the winners' essays would be read in front of all the parents and students. After school I walked home, __9__ my father, who I would write about in my essay. He sat with me in the __10__ when I was a little kid and had a nightmare. He __11__ me with a new puppy at my eighth birthday party. He sat and tried to __12__ death to me when Grandpa Bob died. To me, he wasn't a worldfamous astronaut, just my dad. I wrote about all these __13__ in my essay. One of our neighbors said, “I __14__ you'll win the contest, David. You're the only one in town who could write about being the son of an astronaut.” I __15__ . I hadn't shown anyone the essay, but now I almost hoped I wouldn't win. I didn't want to win just __16__ my father was an astronaut. I won the second prize. When I finished reading my essay, the __17__ applauded. I saw my father blowing his nose. I went back to my seat. Dad nodded to me, __18__ his throat, and put his hand on my shoulder. “Son, this is the__19__ moment of my life，” he said. It was the proudest moment of my life, too. Maybe I'll never be a great hero or win a Nobel Prize, but just then, it was __20__ just to be my father's son. 1．A. mean B. say C. know D. believe 2．A. strange B. honest C. perfect D. formal 3．A. refers to B. relates with C. talks about D. comes to 4．A. why B. how C. whether D. when 5．A. normal B. funny C. special D. unique 6．A. shock B. influence C. attract D. impress 7．A. proud of B. interested in C. satisfied with D. ashamed of 8．A. reported B. announced C. claimed D. warned 9．A. caring about B. worrying about C. thinking about D. complaining about 10．A. silence B. threat C. horror D. dark 11．A. pleased B. astonished C. supported D. encouraged 12．A. describe B. explain C. declare D. remark 13．A. experiments B. incidents C. details D. memories 14．A. wish B. guess C. bet D. promise 15．A. smiled B. nodded C. doubted D. shrugged 16．A. because B. if C. while D. as 17．A. parents B. audience C. students D. teachers 18．A. cleaned B. blew C. cleared D. opened 19．A. best B. proudest C. finest D. greatest 20．A. natural B. ambitious C. important D. enough 答案及解析： 1．A。用mean來解釋前一句的意思。 2．C。perfect杰出的，完美的。此句意為“每個人都認為你應該與眾不同或者完美”。 3．D。when it comes to說到，談到，為固定搭配。注意這里it為形式主語。 4．B。句意：我有時候會想父親怎么會有我這樣的兒子呢。 5．C。句意：父親是如此的特別，擅長任何事。 6．D。impress給人以深刻印象。 7．A。句意：希望能夠做出特別的事情來給父親留下印象，并讓他以我為驕傲。 8．B。announce宣布。此處意為：老師向我們宣布了一件事，即讓我們寫關于父親的作文。 9．C。放學回家的時候，作者想著父親的一切，決定寫什么。